vue3 + element Plus实现表格根据关键字合并行，并实现行的增删改操作-编程知识

根据关键字合并表格

- 1.实现初始化表格
- 2.实现添加班级与学生的功能
- 3.添加的弹窗
- 4.删除班级
- 5.删除学生

首先看最终实现的效果

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1.实现初始化表格

<template><div class="main-page"><div class="flex-end"><div class="public-search">添加班级</div></div><el-table border :data="tableData" stripe style="width: 100%;" :span-method="objectSpanMethod"><el-table-column label="班级" align="center" prop="class" /><el-table-column label="姓名" align="center" prop="name" /><el-table-column label="课程" align="center" prop="course" /><el-table-column label="备注" align="center" prop="remark" /><el-table-column fixed="right" label="删除学生" align="center"><template #default="scope"><span class="del-btn">删除</span></template></el-table-column><el-table-column fixed="right" label="操作" align="center"><template #default="scope"><span class="add-btn">添加学生</span><span class="del-btn">删除班级</span></template></el-table-column></el-table></div>
</template><script setup>
import { ref } from "vue";const tableData = ref()  //表格数据// 第一列的的索引
const firstIndex = ref([])
// 相同行数名的索引的值
const mergerRowIndex = ref([])
//合并表格列
const objectSpanMethod = ({ row, column, rowIndex, columnIndex }) => {if (![1, 2, 3, 4].includes(columnIndex)) {  // 从0开始数，第2, 3, 4, 5列是需要合并的if (rowIndex === 0) {return {rowspan: firstIndex.value[0],colspan: 1}}if (firstIndex.value[0] > rowIndex && rowIndex > 0) {return {rowspan: 0,colspan: 0}}for (let i = 0; i < firstIndex.value.length; i++) {if (rowIndex === firstIndex.value[i]) {return {rowspan: firstIndex.value[i + 1] - firstIndex.value[i],colspan: 1}}if (firstIndex.value[i + 1] > rowIndex && rowIndex > firstIndex.value[i]) {return {rowspan: 0,colspan: 0}}}}
}
// 查验有无相同行数名的对象,如果知道不同行数名的位置，则记住其位置并且压入
const getMergerRowIndex = () => {// 每次调用这个函数，就需要把之前压入到函数内的值给清空mergerRowIndex.value = []firstIndex.value = []for (let i = 1; i < tableData.value.length; i++) {if (tableData.value[i].class != tableData.value[i - 1].class) {mergerRowIndex.value.push(i);firstIndex.value.push(i);}}//  并且还要压入表格的的长度mergerRowIndex.value.push(tableData.value.length);firstIndex.value.push(tableData.value.length);
}//请求接口获取数据
const getData = () => {let data = [{ id: '1', class: '一班', name: '张三', course: '数学', remark: '数学年级第二', },{ id: '2', class: '一班', name: '李四', course: '语文', remark: '语文还行', },{ id: '3', class: '一班', name: '王五', course: '英语', remark: '英语一般般', },{ id: '4', class: '二班', name: '向小小', course: '语文', remark: '语文年级第一', },{ id: '5', class: '二班', name: '杨六六', course: '数学', remark: '数学年级第一', },]tableData.value = datagetMergerRowIndex()
}
getData()
</script><style lang="scss"  scoped>
.main-page {.flex-end {display: flex;justify-content: end;margin-bottom: 10px;}.add-btn {color: #0077ef;margin-right: 4px;cursor: pointer;}.del-btn {color: #f56c6c;cursor: pointer;}.public-search {background: #0077ef;border-radius: 4px;height: 32px;padding: 0 14px;text-align: center;color: #ffffff;cursor: pointer;align-items: center;display: flex;user-select: none;}
}
</style>

初始化后的页面
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2.实现添加班级与学生的功能

关键代码

//给添加班级与添加学生绑定事件
<div class="public-search" @click="addStudents(null, null)">添加班级</div>
<span class="add-btn" @click="addStudents(scope.$index, scope.row)">添加学生</span>
//为了方便管理数据给新增弹窗重新定义了一个组件AddClass
<AddClass v-model:show="showClass" :row="rowList" :tableData="tableData" @addClass="addClass" /><script>
import AddClass from "./AddClass.vue"; //引入组件const showClass = ref(false)
const rowList = ref()  //行数据
const rowIndex = ref(0)  //点击的多少行//添加学生和班级
const addStudents = (index, row) => {rowIndex.value = index || 0rowList.value = row || {}showClass.value = true
}//添加班级或学生
const addClass = (form) => {//这里全局都是根据class来判断唯一值的，视具体情况而修改let len = tableData.value.filter(res => res.class === form.class).length;if (len === 0) {len = tableData.value.length;}//新增学生的随机idform.id = Math.random()//使用splice(xx,0,{}) 这个方法在指定位置加数据tableData.value.splice(len + rowIndex.value, 0, {...form})getMergerRowIndex()
}
</script>

最后实现的效果
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3.添加的弹窗

<template><div class="add-class"><el-dialog v-model="dialogVisible" title="新增" width="480px" :before-close="closeDialog"><el-form ref="ruleFormRef" :model="ruleForm" label-width="120px" label-position="top" class="demo-ruleForm"><el-form-item label="班级：" prop="class" v-if="!hasClass"><el-select v-model="ruleForm.class" filterable allow-create default-first-option placeholder="请输入或者选择班级"><el-option label="一班" value="一班" /><el-option label="二班" value="二班" /><el-option label="三班" value="三班" /><el-option label="四班" value="四班" /><el-option label="五班" value="五班" /></el-select></el-form-item><el-form-item label="姓名：" prop="name"><el-input v-model="ruleForm.name" /></el-form-item><el-form-item label="课程：" prop="course"><el-input v-model="ruleForm.course" /></el-form-item><el-form-item label="备注：" prop="remark"><el-input v-model="ruleForm.remark" :rows="2" type="textarea" /></el-form-item></el-form><template #footer><span class="dialog-footer"><el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">确定</el-button><el-button @click="closeDialog">取消</el-button></span></template></el-dialog></div>
</template><script setup >
import { ref, reactive, defineEmits, defineProps, computed, watch } from "vue"
import { ElMessage } from 'element-plus'
const emits = defineEmits(['update:show']);
const props = defineProps({show: Boolean,row: Object || {},tableData: Array
})
watch(props, () => {if (props.row && props.row.class) {ruleForm.class = props.row.classhasClass.value = true} else {ruleForm.class = ''hasClass.value = false}
})
const hasClass = ref(false) //是否有class
const dialogVisible = computed({get: () => { return props.show },set: newVal => emits('update:show', newVal)
});
const ruleForm = reactive({ class: '',name: '',course: '',remark: '',
})
const ruleFormRef = ref()
const closeDialog = () => {dialogVisible.value = falseruleFormRef.value && ruleFormRef.value.resetFields()
}
const onSubmit = async () => {//如果存在班级则不能继续添加班级if (!hasClass.value) {if (props.tableData.some(res => res.class === ruleForm.class)) {ElMessage.error('已存在该班级');return;}}emits('addClass', ruleForm)closeDialog()
}
</script><style lang="scss" scoped>
.add-class {
}
</style>

新增班级弹窗效果
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新增学生的效果

4.删除班级

关键代码

   //绑定事件<span class="del-btn" @click="delClass(scope.$index, scope.row)">删除班级</span>import { ElMessage, ElMessageBox } from 'element-plus'
//删除班级
const delClass = (index, row) => {ElMessageBox.confirm(`是否删除班级${row.class}?`,{confirmButtonText: '确定',cancelButtonText: '取消',type: 'warning',}).then(() => {let len = tableData.value.filter(res => res.class === row.class).lengthtableData.value.splice(index, len)getMergerRowIndex()ElMessage({type: 'success',message: '删除成功',})}).catch(() => {ElMessage({type: 'info',message: '取消操作',})})
}

实现效果
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5.删除学生

关键代码

//绑定事件
<span class="del-btn" @click="delStudents(scope.row)">删除</span>//删除学生
const delStudents = (row) => {ElMessageBox.confirm(`是否删除学生${row.name}?`,{confirmButtonText: '确定',cancelButtonText: '取消',type: 'warning',}).then(() => {tableData.value = tableData.value.filter(item => {return item.id != row.id})getMergerRowIndex()ElMessage({type: 'success',message: '删除成功',})}).catch(() => {ElMessage({type: 'info',message: '取消操作',})})
}