windows下安装consul、springboot整合consul-编程知识

Spring Cloud Consul通过自动配置和绑定到Spring Environment和其他Spring编程模型习语，为Spring Boot应用程序提供Consul集成。通过一些简单的注解，可以快速启用和配置应用程序内的常用模式，并使用Hashicorp的Consul构建大型分布式系统。提供的模式包括服务发现、分布式配置和控制总线。

接下来这篇文章就介绍一下怎么使用consul来搭建一个集成了注册中心和配置中心服务，类似于nacos：nacos作为注册中心和配置中心

1、初步学习并安装consul

第一步：进入spring官网：https://spring.io/

第二步：依次点击Projects >> Spring Cloud

第三步：找到并点击spring coud consul

第四步：安装consul

第五步、访问consul控制台

2、springboot整合consul

一、注册到consul

二、从consul拉取配置

1、初步学习并安装consul

第一步：进入spring官网：https://spring.io/

第二步：依次点击Projects >> Spring Cloud

第三步：找到并点击spring coud consul

然后看一下consul的特性

- 服务注册与发现

- 支持ribbon客户端负载均衡器

- 支持zuul网关服务

- 通过key/value存储实现分布式配置

- 控制总线

Spring Cloud Consul features:

Service Discovery: instances can be registered with the Consul agent and clients can discover the instances using Spring-managed beans

Supports Ribbon, the client side load-balancer via Spring Cloud Netflix

Supports Spring Cloud LoadBalancer - a client side load-balancer provided by the Spring Cloud project

Supports Zuul, a dynamic router and filter via Spring Cloud Netflix

Distributed Configuration: using the Consul Key/Value store

Control Bus: Distributed control events using Consul Events

第四步：安装consul

要使用consul，肯定要先安装consul了，安装consul很简单，下载consul.exe然后在命令窗口运行起来。

上一张图片的页面拉到最下面，点击蓝色链接进入consul官网

在consul官网的页面，找到并点击install。

点击install后跳转到的consul安装的页面

切换到windows，然后找到Binary download for Windows下面的download链接，点击下载consul。

下载完成后，会得到一个压缩文件，里面只有一个.exe的可运行文件（果然如传说的一样ovo）。

解压这个压缩文件，把解压得到的sonsul.exe复制到D盘program目录下，然后在当前目录的地址输入cmd打开命令窗口，输入以下命令之一。

consul agent -dev # 以开发模式运行consul agent -server # 以服务器模式运行

第五步、访问consul控制台

然后在浏览器的地址栏输入localhost:8500，即可访问consul的控制台了。

前面的consul特性的特性有一条，通过key/value存储来实现分布式配置，我们点击一下左边菜单栏的Key/Value，然后点击右上角的create按钮。

然后我们看到

存储配置文件时，其实这里的key就是我们的配置文件的文件名，当让也可以存字符串和其他的数据。

2、springboot整合consul

好了，接下来进入这篇文章最重要的部分，springboot整合consul

首先，创建一个springboot项目，就叫consul

一、注册到consul

修改application.yml配置文件

spring:application:name: consulcloud :consul :port: 8500host: localhostdiscovery:enabled: trueregister: truehostname: localhosthealth-check-critical-timeout: 30sservice-name: ${spring.application.name}instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${server.port}
server:port: 8080

注意，这里不能设置profiles，否则启动时会报错

spring:profiles: dev # 这个代码加了会报错application:name: consulcloud :consul :port: 8500host: localhostdiscovery:enabled: trueregister: truehostname: localhosthealth-check-critical-timeout: 30sservice-name: ${spring.application.name}# instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${server.port}
server:port: 8080

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'jmxMBeanExporter' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/actuate/autoconfigure/endpoint/jmx/JmxEndpointAutoConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.jmx.JmxEndpointExporter]: Factory method 'jmxMBeanExporter' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.ServiceRegistryAutoConfiguration$ServiceRegistryEndpointConfiguration': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'registration'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'consulRegistration' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/cloud/consul/serviceregistry/ConsulAutoServiceRegistrationAutoConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.cloud.consul.serviceregistry.ConsulAutoRegistration]: Factory method 'consulRegistration' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Consul service ids must not be empty, must start with a letter, end with a letter or digit, and have as interior characters only letters, digits, and hyphen: nullat org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:655) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:635) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1336) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1176) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:556) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:516) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:324) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:322) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:897) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:879) ~[spring-context-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:551) ~[spring-context-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:143) ~[spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:758) [spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:750) [spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) [spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315) [spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1237) [spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1226) [spring-boot-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at com.example.consul.ConsulApplication.main(ConsulApplication.java:18) [classes/:na]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.jmx.JmxEndpointExporter]: Factory method 'jmxMBeanExporter' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.ServiceRegistryAutoConfiguration$ServiceRegistryEndpointConfiguration': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'registration'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'consulRegistration' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/cloud/consul/serviceregistry/ConsulAutoServiceRegistrationAutoConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.cloud.consul.serviceregistry.ConsulAutoRegistration]: Factory method 'consulRegistration' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Consul service ids must not be empty, must start with a letter, end with a letter or digit, and have as interior characters only letters, digits, and hyphen: nullat org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:650) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]... 20 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.ServiceRegistryAutoConfiguration$ServiceRegistryEndpointConfiguration': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'registration'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'consulRegistration' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/cloud/consul/serviceregistry/ConsulAutoServiceRegistrationAutoConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.cloud.consul.serviceregistry.ConsulAutoRegistration]: Factory method 'consulRegistration' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Consul service ids must not be empty, must start with a letter, end with a letter or digit, and have as interior characters only letters, digits, and hyphen: nullat org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:643) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:130) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:399) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1420) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:593) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:516) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:324) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:322) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:408) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1336) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1176) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:556) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:516) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:324) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:322) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1109) ~[spring-context-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.annotation.EndpointDiscoverer.lambda$createEndpointBean$1(EndpointDiscoverer.java:145) ~[spring-boot-actuator-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.annotation.EndpointDiscoverer$EndpointBean.getBean(EndpointDiscoverer.java:469) ~[spring-boot-actuator-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.annotation.EndpointDiscoverer.getFilterEndpoint(EndpointDiscoverer.java:329) ~[spring-boot-actuator-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.annotation.EndpointDiscoverer.isFilterMatch(EndpointDiscoverer.java:317) ~[spring-boot-actuator-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.annotation.EndpointDiscoverer.isEndpointFiltered(EndpointDiscoverer.java:292) ~[spring-boot-actuator-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.annotation.EndpointDiscoverer.isEndpointExposed(EndpointDiscoverer.java:265) ~[spring-boot-actuator-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.annotation.EndpointDiscoverer.convertToEndpoints(EndpointDiscoverer.java:181) ~[spring-boot-actuator-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.annotation.EndpointDiscoverer.discoverEndpoints(EndpointDiscoverer.java:125) ~[spring-boot-actuator-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.annotation.EndpointDiscoverer.getEndpoints(EndpointDiscoverer.java:117) ~[spring-boot-actuator-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.endpoint.jmx.JmxEndpointAutoConfiguration.jmxMBeanExporter(JmxEndpointAutoConfiguration.java:95) ~[spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure-2.3.2.RELEASE.jar:2.3.2.RELEASE]at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_152]at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_152]at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_152]at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_152]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]... 21 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'consulRegistration' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/cloud/consul/serviceregistry/ConsulAutoServiceRegistrationAutoConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.cloud.consul.serviceregistry.ConsulAutoRegistration]: Factory method 'consulRegistration' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Consul service ids must not be empty, must start with a letter, end with a letter or digit, and have as interior characters only letters, digits, and hyphen: nullat org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:655) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:635) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1336) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1176) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:556) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:516) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:324) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:322) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:276) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1307) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1227) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:640) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]... 55 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.cloud.consul.serviceregistry.ConsulAutoRegistration]: Factory method 'consulRegistration' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Consul service ids must not be empty, must start with a letter, end with a letter or digit, and have as interior characters only letters, digits, and hyphen: nullat org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:650) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]... 68 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Consul service ids must not be empty, must start with a letter, end with a letter or digit, and have as interior characters only letters, digits, and hyphen: nullat org.springframework.cloud.consul.serviceregistry.ConsulAutoRegistration.normalizeForDns(ConsulAutoRegistration.java:185) ~[spring-cloud-consul-discovery-2.2.8.RELEASE.jar:2.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.cloud.consul.serviceregistry.ConsulAutoRegistration.getInstanceId(ConsulAutoRegistration.java:176) ~[spring-cloud-consul-discovery-2.2.8.RELEASE.jar:2.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.cloud.consul.serviceregistry.ConsulAutoRegistration.registration(ConsulAutoRegistration.java:87) ~[spring-cloud-consul-discovery-2.2.8.RELEASE.jar:2.2.8.RELEASE]at org.springframework.cloud.consul.serviceregistry.ConsulAutoServiceRegistrationAutoConfiguration.consulRegistration(ConsulAutoServiceRegistrationAutoConfiguration.java:82) ~[spring-cloud-consul-discovery-2.2.8.RELEASE.jar:2.2.8.RELEASE]at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_152]at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_152]at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_152]at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_152]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154) ~[spring-beans-5.2.8.RELEASE.jar:5.2.8.RELEASE]... 69 common frames omitted

原因是instanceId为空，通过debug发现最后获取到的instanceId为null

Consul service ids must not be empty, must start with a letter, end with a letter or digit, and have as interior characters only letters, digits, and hyphen: null

这个问题找了半天才发现原因的，避坑！

最后启动项目，访问consul发现注册到了consul上，并且服务名为${spring.application.name}-${server.port}，不设置instance-id时默认的服务名就是这样的。

二、从consul拉取配置

上面已经让我们的项目注册到consul了，接下来修改一下配置文件，从consul拉取配置

spring:application:name: consulcloud :consul :port: 8500host: localhostdiscovery:enabled: trueregister: truehostname: localhosthealth-check-critical-timeout: 30sservice-name: ${spring.application.name}config:enabled: trueprefix: config # 配置文件所在文件夹，默认值就是configname: consul-dev.yaml # 配置文件名，也就是keyserver:port: 8080

接着，在consul里创建一个config文件夹，在config文件夹下面创建一个consul-dev.yaml

user:name: heyunlin

注意，文件夹和文件的区别在于key的结尾有没有/

最后，创建一个控制器，获取配置文件consul-dev.yaml中的配置

package com.example.consul.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;/*** @author heyunlin* @version 1.0*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping(path = "/config")
public class ConfigController {@Value("${user.name}")String username;@GetMapping("/username")public String getPort() {return username;}}

重启项目，访问http://localhost:8080/config/username发现成功获取并返回了字符串heyunlin