源码安装mysql-编程知识

使用源码安装mysql，这里选择的版本是mysql5.7.35 ,系统是Centos7.6

官网下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

在这里插入图片描述

下载源码压缩包

 [root@localhost ~]# cd /opt[root@localhost opt]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-boost-5.7.35.tar.gz[root@localhost opt]# tar -xf mysql-boost-5.7.35.tar.gz

下载依赖软件

 [root@localhost ~]# yum install -y  cmake gcc  gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl-Data-Dumper boost boost-doc boost-devel bzip2 openssl-devel libtirpc-devel.x86_64

编译安装

 [root@localhost opt]# cd mysql-5.7.35/

## 新建目录，存放编译产生的中间文件。因为不允许在源码目录下进行编译

 [root@localhost mysql-5.7.35]# mkdir builder[root@localhost mysql-5.7.35]# cd builder/

## 编辑源码

 cmake ../ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci -DWITH_DEBUG=0 -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=0 -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=../boost

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql 指定安装目录
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql 数据存放目录
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc 配置文件存放目录
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql 启动用户
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装MyISAM引擎
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装InnoDB引擎
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装Archive引擎
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装Memory引擎
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装Federated引擎
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 安装Partition引擎
-DWITH_READLINE=1 MySQL的readline library
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock sock文件的路径
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 MySQL的监听端口
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 启用加载本地数据
-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 编译时允许自主下载相关文件
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all 使MySQL支持所有的扩展字符
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 设置默认字符集为utf8mb4
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci 设置默认字符校对
-DWITH_DEBUG=0 禁用调试模式
-DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=0 是否启用mysql维护器特定的开发环境
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 允许在线更新boost库
-DWITH_BOOST=…/boost 指定boost安装路径

## 生成二进制安装程序
```
  [root@localhost builder]# make
```
## 安装
```
  [root@localhost builder]# make install
```

创建用户，创建目录，并授权
## 创建数据存放目录，编译的时候有指定目录，这里创建指定的目录即可

   [root@localhost builder]# mkdir -p  /data/mysql

   [root@localhost builder]# mkdir -p /var/log/mysqld /var/run/mysqld[root@localhost builder]# touch /var/run/mysqld/mysql.pid  [root@localhost builder]# touch /var/log/mysqld/mysqld.log

## 创建用户

   useradd --system -s /sbin/nologin mysql

# 授权目录权限给用户

   [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mysqld		# 日志目录[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld		# 存放目录[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/	# 安装目录[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/        # 数据存放目录

修改配置文件

 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysql.pid

设置环境变量

 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile

# mysql 
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin

## 加载环境变量，并测试

 source /etc/profilemysql --version

  mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.35, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

初始化数据库

## 初始化数据库，并生成临时密码

 [root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql

2023-11-30T02:02:22.576131Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2023-11-30T02:02:23.167149Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2023-11-30T02:02:23.259734Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2023-11-30T02:02:23.324006Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 808acff3-8f24-11ee-a4dd-000c29b3fe28.
2023-11-30T02:02:23.325188Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2023-11-30T02:02:23.765959Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2023-11-30T02:02:23.766008Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2023-11-30T02:02:23.766902Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2023-11-30T02:02:24.007794Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Vm;n/i<44P(P

将mysql加入到systemd进程中

 [root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/mysql-5.7.35/builder[root@localhost builder]# cp scripts/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/

启动mysql并修改密码

## 启动mysql并加入到开启自启

 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl  start mysqld [root@localhost ~]# systemctl  enable mysqld

## 修改mysql密码
在mysql初始化的时候会生成临时密码

 [root@localhost log]# mysql -uroot -p'Vm;n/i<44P(P'

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.35Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>

 mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'your_password';		# your_password 设置为你的密码mysql> use mysql;			mysql> update user set host ='%' where user='root';			# 设置root可远程访问，如不需要可忽略mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;		# 刷新权限表

## 登录测试

 [root@localhost log]# mysql -uroot -p'your_password'

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.35 Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>