Kioptrix-3-编程知识

靶场下载地址

https://download.vulnhub.com/kioptrix/KVM3.rar

信息收集

# Nmap 7.94 scan initiated Thu Dec 21 21:52:25 2023 as: nmap -sn -oN live.nmap 192.168.1.0/24
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1)
Host is up (0.00048s latency).
MAC Address: 00:50:56:C0:00:08 (VMware)
Nmap scan report for 0bcc61d9e6ea39148e78c7c68571e53 (192.168.1.2)
Host is up (0.00040s latency).
MAC Address: 00:50:56:FE:B1:6F (VMware)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.72 (192.168.1.72)
Host is up (0.00054s latency).
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:25:61:5E (VMware)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.254 (192.168.1.254)
Host is up (0.00053s latency).
MAC Address: 00:50:56:FA:D3:D6 (VMware)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.60 (192.168.1.60)
Host is up.

靶机地址为192.168.1.72

# nmap -sT --min-rate 10000 -p- 192.168.1.72
Starting Nmap 7.94 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-12-21 21:52 CST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.72 (192.168.1.72)
Host is up (0.00090s latency).
Not shown: 65533 closed tcp ports (conn-refused)
PORT   STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open  ssh
80/tcp open  http
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:25:61:5E (VMware)

端口开放情况：

22端口ssh 80端口http服务

# nmap -sT -sC -sV -O -p22,80 192.168.1.72 -oN details.nmap
Starting Nmap 7.94 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-12-21 21:52 CST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.72 (192.168.1.72)
Host is up (0.00084s latency).PORT   STATE SERVICE VERSION
22/tcp open  ssh     OpenSSH 4.7p1 Debian 8ubuntu1.2 (protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   1024 30:e3:f6:dc:2e:22:5d:17:ac:46:02:39:ad:71:cb:49 (DSA)
|_  2048 9a:82:e6:96:e4:7e:d6:a6:d7:45:44:cb:19:aa:ec:dd (RSA)
80/tcp open  http    Apache httpd 2.2.8 ((Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch)
|_http-title: Ligoat Security - Got Goat? Security ...
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch
| http-cookie-flags: 
|   /: 
|     PHPSESSID: 
|_      httponly flag not set
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:25:61:5E (VMware)
Warning: OSScan results may be unreliable because we could not find at least 1 open and 1 closed port
Device type: general purpose
Running: Linux 2.6.X
OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:2.6
OS details: Linux 2.6.9 - 2.6.33
Network Distance: 1 hop
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

22端口 openssh 4.7p1 80端口上开放的是http服务 server为apache 2.2.8 其中php版本为5.2.4 靶机为ubuntu运行在vmware中

# nmap -sT --script=vuln -p22,80 192.168.1.72 -oN vuln.nmap 
Starting Nmap 7.94 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-12-21 21:53 CST
Pre-scan script results:
| broadcast-avahi-dos: 
|   Discovered hosts:
|     224.0.0.251
|   After NULL UDP avahi packet DoS (CVE-2011-1002).
|_  Hosts are all up (not vulnerable).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.72 (192.168.1.72)
Host is up (0.00071s latency).PORT   STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open  ssh
80/tcp open  http
|_http-trace: TRACE is enabled
| http-cookie-flags: 
|   /: 
|     PHPSESSID: 
|_      httponly flag not set
| http-sql-injection: 
|   Possible sqli for queries:
|     http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?page=index%27%20OR%20sqlspider
|     http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?page=index%27%20OR%20sqlspider
|     http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?page=index%27%20OR%20sqlspider
|     http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?system=Admin&page=loginSubmit%27%20OR%20sqlspider
|     http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?page=index%27%20OR%20sqlspider
|     http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?page=index%27%20OR%20sqlspider
|     http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?page=index%27%20OR%20sqlspider
|     http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?page=index%27%20OR%20sqlspider
|     http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?page=index%27%20OR%20sqlspider
|     http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?system=Admin&page=loginSubmit%27%20OR%20sqlspider
|_    http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?page=index%27%20OR%20sqlspider
| http-slowloris-check: 
|   VULNERABLE:
|   Slowloris DOS attack
|     State: LIKELY VULNERABLE
|     IDs:  CVE:CVE-2007-6750
|       Slowloris tries to keep many connections to the target web server open and hold
|       them open as long as possible.  It accomplishes this by opening connections to
|       the target web server and sending a partial request. By doing so, it starves
|       the http server's resources causing Denial Of Service.
|       
|     Disclosure date: 2009-09-17
|     References:
|       http://ha.ckers.org/slowloris/
|_      https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2007-6750
|_http-vuln-cve2017-1001000: ERROR: Script execution failed (use -d to debug)
|_http-stored-xss: Couldn't find any stored XSS vulnerabilities.
| http-enum: 
|   /phpmyadmin/: phpMyAdmin
|   /cache/: Potentially interesting folder
|   /core/: Potentially interesting folder
|   /icons/: Potentially interesting folder w/ directory listing
|   /modules/: Potentially interesting directory w/ listing on 'apache/2.2.8 (ubuntu) php/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with suhosin-patch'
|_  /style/: Potentially interesting folder
| http-csrf: 
| Spidering limited to: maxdepth=3; maxpagecount=20; withinhost=192.168.1.72
|   Found the following possible CSRF vulnerabilities: 
|     
|     Path: http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?system=Admin
|     Form id: contactform
|     Form action: index.php?system=Admin&page=loginSubmit
|     
|     Path: http://192.168.1.72:80/gallery/
|     Form id: 
|     Form action: login.php
|     
|     Path: http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?system=Blog&post=1281005380
|     Form id: commentform
|     Form action: 
|     
|     Path: http://192.168.1.72:80/index.php?system=Admin&page=loginSubmit
|     Form id: contactform
|     Form action: index.php?system=Admin&page=loginSubmit
|     
|     Path: http://192.168.1.72:80/gallery/index.php
|     Form id: 
|     Form action: login.php
|     
|     Path: http://192.168.1.72:80/gallery/gadmin/
|     Form id: username
|_    Form action: index.php?task=signin
|_http-dombased-xss: Couldn't find any DOM based XSS.
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:25:61:5E (VMware)

漏洞脚本探测出来的信息比较多，其中可能存在sql注入，存在多个目录其中敏感的目录存在phpmyadmin

渗透阶段

先看一下80端口上的服务，肯定是从80端口进行突破了：

首先首页上的url，便可以尝试任意文件读取 sql注入的测试！

尝试任意文件读取漏洞，结果是不存在的！

有一个登陆界面，点击登陆界面的时候，发现http-title变成了LotusCMS，直接搜索公开的漏洞！

存在一个远程命令执行漏洞；一会可以测试一下，在这里看的时候，发现了下面这个界面：

然后就把后面的参数给删掉了加上单引号，发现报错了：

存在sql注入了，尝试手工测试：

id为2的时候，是没有查询的结果的：

后面加上or语句然后注释掉后面的sql语句，能查询出来结果！

判断列数： order by 6正常回显，那么就是一共是6列，接下来就是查询报错的回显点在什么位置：

回显点位于2 3这两个位置！接下来就是查询数据库表名以及里面的敏感数据！

http://kioptrix3.com/gallery/gallery.php?id=2%20union%20select%201,(select%20group_concat(table_name)%20from%20information_schema.tables%20where%20table_schema=%27gallery%27),user(),4,5,6--+

http://kioptrix3.com/gallery/gallery.php?id=2%20union%20select%201,(select%20group_concat(column_name)%20from%20information_schema.columns%20where%20table_name=%27gallarific_users%27),user(),4,5,6--+

最终查询出来的账号和密码信息如下:

使用查询出来的账号和密码进行登录发现，一直登录不成功！于是又看了看其他的表，发现第一个是dev_accounts

然后看了下这个表中的各个列名，发现这个表中同样存在着username 和 password！

于是发现了两个账号和相关的密码信息：

利用在线md5平台进行解密：

dreg：Mast3r
loneferret: starwars

尝试利用这两个账号，进行登录web应用！发现还是无法进行登录~ 再去尝试一下ssh

发现我们直接利用ssh登录成功；下面就是提权的阶段了。

提权

查看系统相关信息：

查看了/etc/passwd，发现存在两个用户，就是我们刚才查询出来的用户：

并且我们当前的用户 bash环境是受限制的，也就是rbash！先看看当前用户具有的suid权限：

没有权限，看看网站根目录下有什么信息吧：

受限制了~ 这里就需要去绕过rbash！暂时先不去绕过，因为我们拿到了两个用户的账号和密码，通过/etc/passwd文件查看到了两个用户嘛所以说我们可以尝试去利用ssh登录一下另外一个账号看一下：

同样我们也是可以进行登录的！

发现当前用户的家目录下面存在一个sh的脚本文件！还是想去看一下网站的目录下面存在什么东西，但是在/var/www/html下面什么都没有~

利用find命令去查找我们直接通过目录扫描发现的相关文件，来定位到网站的目录：

最终在gallery目录下面的gconfig.php文件中发现，数据库的账号和密码信息：

登录到数据库中看了一下数据库里面的详细信息，没什么重要的发现；查看当前用户所具有的suid权限：

发现了两个命令是不需要root用户便可以执行的！其中!/usr/bin/su 是禁止当前用户直接使用su命令切换到root权限！但是下面还有一个命令，/usr/local/bin/ht 暂时不知道他的提权手法是什么，经过查询资料，发现ht是一个编辑器！Linux通过第三方应用提权实战总结 - FreeBuf网络安全行业门户

利用上述文章中提到的提权方法！进行尝试！sudo /usr/local/bin/ht