三种方式在ASP.NET Core中实现代理功能请求获取数据的接口(以请求百度统计数据接口为例)-编程知识

一、定义请求数据属性

TargetUrl参数是目标接口的URL，RequestDataArray参数是要发送的请求数据列表

 //定义属性:TargetUrl参数是目标接口的URL，RequestDataArray参数是要发送的请求数据列表public class ToResponseBody{[JsonPropertyName("TargetUrl")]public string TargetUrl { get; set; } = "";[JsonPropertyName("RequestDataArray")]public string[] RequestDataArray { get; set; } = null;}

二、定义api返回数据内容形式

  public class ApiReturnData{public int code { get; set; } = 0;public string msg { get; set; } = "";public dynamic data { get; set; } = new ExpandoObject();}

三、百度统计api简介：

（1）大家首先进入以下网址：这个网址介绍了用户如果要调用百度账号的 API 接口，需要通过百度开发者中心的身份验证，具体步骤进入网址中查看（里面介绍得非常详细）：

 地址：https://tongji.baidu.com/api/manual/Chapter2/openapi.html

（2）接着再进入接口网址：

 地址：https://tongji.baidu.com/api/manual/Chapter1/overview_getTimeTrendRpt.html

其中里面有很多接口：
在这里插入图片描述
以其中【网站概况(趋势数据)】为例：里面包含请求的关键参数与接口地址

以上就是一个基本介绍，详细内容大家可以在官网里面仔细查看！

四、实现方法：

方法一：使用HttpClient类：HttpClient类是一个强大的HTTP客户端，可以用于发送HTTP请求并接收响应。您可以使用它来实现代理功能，发送请求到目标接口并返回响应。(代码中有注释，大家可以参考)

[AllowAnonymous]
[HttpPost("GetResponseBody")]public async ValueTask<ApiReturnData> GetResponseBody([FromBody] ToResponseBody request) {//使用HttpClient类：HttpClient类是一个强大的HTTP客户端，可以用于发送HTTP请求并接收响应。您可以使用它来实现代理功能，发送请求到目标接口并返回响应。//代码中的targetUrl参数是目标接口的URL，requestData参数是要发送的请求数据try{using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient()){// 创建HttpRequestMessage对象，设置HTTP方法和请求内容HttpRequestMessage requests = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, request.TargetUrl);/*foreach (string element in request.RequestDataArray){Console.WriteLine(element);}*/string metrics = "";// 将请求的metrics参数进行拼接for (int i = 4;i< request.RequestDataArray.Length; i++){metrics =request.RequestDataArray[i] + "," + metrics;}string reqdata = String.Format("&site_id={0}&method={1}&start_date={2}&end_date={3}&metrics={4}", request.RequestDataArray[0], request.RequestDataArray[1], request.RequestDataArray[2], request.RequestDataArray[3], metrics);requests.Content = new StringContent(reqdata, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");// 发送HTTP请求并获取响应HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(requests);// 确保请求成功response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();// 读取响应内容string responseData = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();// 创建返回数据对象rtApiReturnData rt = new ApiReturnData();rt.code = 0;rt.msg = "";rt.data.ResponseBody = responseData;return rt;}}catch (Exception ex){ApiReturnData rt = new ApiReturnData();rt.code = 0;rt.msg = "";rt.data.ResponseBody = ex.Message;return rt;}}

结果如下：
参数输入
在这里插入图片描述
得到的数据：

方法二：使用WebClient类：WebClient类是一个简单的HTTP客户端，可以用于发送HTTP请求并接收响应。您可以使用它来实现代理功能，发送请求到目标接口并返回响应。

[AllowAnonymous]
[HttpPost("GetResponseBody1")]
public async ValueTask<ApiReturnData> GetResponseBody1([FromBody] ToResponseBody request)
{try{using (WebClient client = new WebClient()){// 设置请求头client.Headers[HttpRequestHeader.ContentType] = "application/json";string metrics = "";// 将请求的metrics参数进行拼接for (int i = 4; i < request.RequestDataArray.Length; i++){metrics = request.RequestDataArray[i] + "," + metrics;}string reqdata = String.Format("&site_id={0}&method={1}&start_date={2}&end_date={3}&metrics={4}", request.RequestDataArray[0], request.RequestDataArray[1], request.RequestDataArray[2], request.RequestDataArray[3], metrics);// 发送HTTP请求并获取响应string responseData = await client.UploadStringTaskAsync(request.TargetUrl, "POST", reqdata);ApiReturnData rt = new ApiReturnData();rt.code = 0;rt.msg = "";rt.data.ResponseBody = responseData;return rt;}}catch (Exception ex){ApiReturnData rt = new ApiReturnData();rt.code = 0;rt.msg = "";rt.data.ResponseBody = ex.Message;return rt;}
}

结果如下：
在这里插入图片描述

方法三：使用HttpWebRequest类：HttpWebRequest类是一个更底层的HTTP客户端，可以用于发送HTTP请求并接收响应。您可以使用它来实现代理功能，发送请求到目标接口并返回响应。

      [AllowAnonymous][HttpPost("GetResponseBody2")]public async ValueTask<ApiReturnData> GetResponseBody2([FromBody] ToResponseBody request){try{// 创建HttpWebRequest对象HttpWebRequest requests = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(request.TargetUrl);requests.Method = "POST";requests.ContentType = "application/json";string metrics = "";// 将请求的metrics参数进行拼接for (int i = 4; i < request.RequestDataArray.Length; i++){metrics = request.RequestDataArray[i] + "," + metrics;}string reqdata = String.Format("&site_id={0}&method={1}&start_date={2}&end_date={3}&metrics={4}", request.RequestDataArray[0], request.RequestDataArray[1], request.RequestDataArray[2], request.RequestDataArray[3], metrics);// 将请求内容写入请求流using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(requests.GetRequestStream())){writer.Write(reqdata);}// 发送HTTP请求并获取响应using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)await requests.GetResponseAsync()){// 读取响应流using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8)){string responseData = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();ApiReturnData rt = new ApiReturnData();rt.code = 0;rt.msg = "";rt.data.ResponseBody = responseData;return rt;}}}catch (Exception ex){ApiReturnData rt = new ApiReturnData();rt.code = 0;rt.msg = "";rt.data.ResponseBody = ex.Message;return rt;}}