使用requests 库获取网站html信息
import requests
response = requests.get("https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/17bd8e52c76b2bc5ab2bb8a2.html#:~:text=1.%E6%89%93%E5%BC%80%E6%B5%8F%E8%A7%88%E5%99%A8F12%202.%E6%89%BE%E5%88%B0headers%E9%87%8C%E9%9D%A2%E7%9A%84cookie,3.%E5%A6%82%E6%9E%9C%E8%A6%81%E6%89%BE%E5%88%B0%E5%AF%B9%E5%BA%94%E7%9A%84%E7%82%B9%E5%87%BBcookie%204.%E8%BF%9E%E7%BB%AD%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E7%82%B9%E5%87%BB%E5%8F%B3%E9%94%AE%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6")
print(response)
print(response.status_code)
if response.status_code >= 200 and response.status_code < 400:...
elif response.status_code >= 400 and response.status_code < 500:print("request failed for the client has error客户端错误")
elif response.status_code >= 500:print("request failed for the server has error服务端错误")if response.ok:print(response.text) ...
else:print("request failed")
import requests
response = requests.get("https://movie.douban.com/top250")
print(response)
print(response.text)
import requests
headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/121.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"
}
response = requests.get("https://movie.douban.com/top250", headers=headers)
print(response)
print(response.text)
HTML简单结构入门
HTML 定义网页的结构和信息,文件名为xxx.html,用浏览器打开
CSS 定义网页样式
JavaScript 定义用户和网页的交互逻辑<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html><body><h1>title</h1><p>some texts</p></body>
</html>标题
<h1></h1>
<h2></h2>
<h3></h3>
<h4></h4>
<h5></h5>
<h6></h6>文本段落
<p></p>
强制换行 <br>
加粗 <b></b>
斜体 <i></i>
下划线 <u></u>
图片 <img src="..." width="" height="">
链接 <a href="https://..." target="_self">text</a> (target表示打开的方式,当前页面跳转,新页面跳转等)
容器 块级元素-div-独占一行,span为内嵌元素
<div>...
</div><span>...
</span>列表 有序列表ol,无序列表ul
<ol><li>chinese</li><li>math</li>
</ol><ul><li>chinese</li><li>math</li>
</ul>表格 td数据,
<table border=“1”> 表格属性之一,显示边框
<table><table border=“1”><thead><tr><td>tableheader1</td><td>tableheader2</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>111</td><td>2222</td></tr><tr><td>333</td><td>444</td></tr></tbody>
</table>class属性 -- 帮助分类
<p class="content">给岁月以文明</p>
<p class="content">而不是给文明以岁月</p>
<p class="review">五星好评!</p>
爬取网页中的书的价格和名称
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
content = requests.get("http://books.toscrape.com/").text()
soup = BeautifulSoup(content, "html.parser") all_prices = soup.findAll("p", attrs={"class":"price_color"})
for price in all_prices: print(prices.string[2:])all_titles = soup.findAll("h3")
for title in all_titles:all_links = title.findAll("a") for link in all_links:print(link.string)