C# winfrom中NPOI操作EXCEL-编程知识

前言

1.整个Excel表格叫做工作表：WorkBook（工作薄），包含的叫页（工作表）：Sheet；行：Row；单元格Cell。

2.忘了告诉大家npoi是做什么的了，npoi 能够读写几乎所有的Office文件格式，至少能够支持Word, PowerPoint, Excel, Visio的格式。

运行环境：

系统win10
office：2019

mainfrom中控件：

button：2个用来触发数据导入导出excel的事件

lable: 2个用来显示数据导入导出excel的耗时

datagridview ：1个用来显示数据导入的结果

npoi引用：第一步：项目-->>管理Nuget程序包

第二步：搜索并安装NPOI

第三步：using命名空间

using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;

运行结果：

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Windows.Forms;namespace npoi1
{public partial class mainForm : Form{public mainForm(){InitializeComponent();}private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e){}private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();sw.Start();//dataGridView1.DataSource = NPOIExcel.ExcelToDataTable("电脑统计表.xlsx", true);//方式1dataGridView1.DataSource = NPOIExcel.ExcelToTable("电脑统计表.xlsx");//方式2sw.Stop();label1.Text = sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString("数据导入耗时：" + "0000"+"ms");MessageBox.Show("数据导入完成");}private void dataGridView1_RowsAdded(object sender, DataGridViewRowsAddedEventArgs e){for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.Rows.Count; i++)this.dataGridView1.Rows[i].HeaderCell.Value = (i + 1).ToString();}private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();sw.Start();DataTable dt = (dataGridView1.DataSource as DataTable);//NPOIExcel.DataTableToExcel(dt, "d:\\111.xlsx");//方式1NPOIExcel.TableToExcel(dt, "d:\\111.xlsx");//方式2sw.Stop();label2.Text = sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString("数据导出耗时：" + "0000" + "ms");MessageBox.Show("数据导出完成");}}}

npoi.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;namespace npoi1
{public class NPOIExcel{/// <summary>/// 将excel导入到datatable/// </summary>/// <param name="filePath">excel路径</param>/// <param name="isColumnName">第一行是否是列名</param>/// <returns>返回datatable</returns>public static DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string filePath, bool isColumnName){DataTable dataTable = null;FileStream fs = null;DataColumn column = null;DataRow dataRow = null;IWorkbook workbook = null;ISheet sheet = null;IRow row = null;ICell cell = null;int startRow = 0;try{using (fs = File.OpenRead(filePath)){// 2007版本if (filePath.IndexOf(".xlsx") > 0)workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs);// 2003版本else if (filePath.IndexOf(".xls") > 0)workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);if (workbook != null){sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);//读取第一个sheet，当然也可以循环读取每个sheetdataTable = new DataTable();if (sheet != null){int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;//总行数if (rowCount > 0){IRow firstRow = sheet.GetRow(0);//第一行int cellCount = firstRow.LastCellNum;//列数//构建datatable的列if (isColumnName){startRow = 1;//如果第一行是列名，则从第二行开始读取for (int i = firstRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; ++i){cell = firstRow.GetCell(i);if (cell != null){if (cell.StringCellValue != null){column = new DataColumn(cell.StringCellValue);dataTable.Columns.Add(column);}}}}else{for (int i = firstRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; ++i){column = new DataColumn("column" + (i + 1));dataTable.Columns.Add(column);}}//填充行for (int i = startRow; i <= rowCount; ++i){row = sheet.GetRow(i);if (row == null) continue;dataRow = dataTable.NewRow();for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; ++j){cell = row.GetCell(j);if (cell == null){dataRow[j] = "";}else{//CellType(Unknown = -1,Numeric = 0,String = 1,Formula = 2,Blank = 3,Boolean = 4,Error = 5,)switch (cell.CellType){case CellType.Blank:dataRow[j] = "";break;case CellType.Numeric:short format = cell.CellStyle.DataFormat;//对时间格式（2015.12.5、2015/12/5、2015-12-5等）的处理if (format == 14 || format == 31 || format == 57 || format == 58)dataRow[j] = cell.DateCellValue;elsedataRow[j] = cell.NumericCellValue;break;case CellType.String:dataRow[j] = cell.StringCellValue;break;}}}dataTable.Rows.Add(dataRow);}}}}}return dataTable;}catch (Exception){if (fs != null){fs.Close();}return null;}}/// <summary>/// 写入excel/// </summary>/// <param name="dt">datatable</param>/// <param name="strFile">strFile</param>/// <returns></returns>public static bool DataTableToExcel(DataTable dt, string strFile){bool result = false;IWorkbook workbook = null;FileStream fs = null;IRow row = null;ISheet sheet = null;ICell cell = null;try{if (dt != null && dt.Rows.Count > 0){workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();//HSSFWorkbook:是操作Excel2003以前（包括2003）的版本，扩展名是.xls  XSSFWorkbook:是操作Excel2007的版本，扩展名是.xlsxsheet = workbook.CreateSheet("Sheet0");//创建一个名称为Sheet0的表int rowCount = dt.Rows.Count;//行数int columnCount = dt.Columns.Count;//列数//设置列头row = sheet.CreateRow(0);//excel第一行设为列头for (int c = 0; c < columnCount; c++){cell = row.CreateCell(c);cell.SetCellValue(dt.Columns[c].ColumnName);}//设置每行每列的单元格,for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++){row = sheet.CreateRow(i + 1);for (int j = 0; j < columnCount; j++){cell = row.CreateCell(j);//excel第二行开始写入数据cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());}}using (fs = File.OpenWrite(strFile)){workbook.Write(fs);//向打开的这个xls文件中写入数据result = true;}}return result;}catch (Exception ex){if (fs != null){fs.Close();}Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace + ex.Message);return false;}}/// <summary>/// Excel导入成Datable/// </summary>/// <param name="file">导入路径(包含文件名与扩展名)</param>/// <returns></returns>public static DataTable ExcelToTable(string file){DataTable dt = new DataTable();IWorkbook workbook;string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file).ToLower();using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)){//XSSFWorkbook 适用XLSX格式，HSSFWorkbook 适用XLS格式if (fileExt == ".xlsx") { workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs); } else if (fileExt == ".xls") { workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); } else { workbook = null; }if (workbook == null) { return null; }ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);//表头IRow header = sheet.GetRow(sheet.FirstRowNum);List<int> columns = new List<int>();for (int i = 0; i < header.LastCellNum; i++){object obj = GetValueType(header.GetCell(i));if (obj == null || obj.ToString() == string.Empty){dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Columns" + i.ToString()));}elsedt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn(obj.ToString()));columns.Add(i);}//数据for (int i = sheet.FirstRowNum + 1; i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++){DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();bool hasValue = false;foreach (int j in columns){dr[j] = GetValueType(sheet.GetRow(i).GetCell(j));if (dr[j] != null && dr[j].ToString() != string.Empty){hasValue = true;}}if (hasValue){dt.Rows.Add(dr);}}}return dt;}/// <summary>/// Datable导出成Excel/// </summary>/// <param name="dt"></param>/// <param name="file">导出路径(包括文件名与扩展名)</param>public static void TableToExcel(DataTable dt, string file){IWorkbook workbook;string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file).ToLower();if (fileExt == ".xlsx") { workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); } else if (fileExt == ".xls") { workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); } else { workbook = null; }if (workbook == null) { return; }ISheet sheet = string.IsNullOrEmpty(dt.TableName) ? workbook.CreateSheet("Sheet1") : workbook.CreateSheet(dt.TableName);//表头IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0);for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++){ICell cell = row.CreateCell(i);cell.SetCellValue(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);}//数据for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++){IRow row1 = sheet.CreateRow(i + 1);for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++){ICell cell = row1.CreateCell(j);cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());}}//转为字节数组MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();workbook.Write(stream);var buf = stream.ToArray();//保存为Excel文件using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)){fs.Write(buf, 0, buf.Length);fs.Flush();}}/// <summary>/// 获取单元格类型/// </summary>/// <param name="cell"></param>/// <returns></returns>private static object GetValueType(ICell cell){if (cell == null)return null;switch (cell.CellType){case CellType.Blank: //BLANK:return null;case CellType.Boolean: //BOOLEAN:return cell.BooleanCellValue;case CellType.Numeric: //NUMERIC:return cell.NumericCellValue;case CellType.String: //STRING:return cell.StringCellValue;case CellType.Error: //ERROR:return cell.ErrorCellValue;case CellType.Formula: //FORMULA:default:return "=" + cell.CellFormula;}}}}

源码百度网盘下载地址

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1dd3LtkmLqenpMmJkcthvRQ

提取码: km9t