OpenCV Mat实例详解四-编程知识

OpenCV Mat实例详解三中详细介绍来了OpenCV Mat类的公有静态成员函数，下面介绍OpenCV Mat类的其他常用成员函数。

OpenCV Mat类常用成员函数

Mat & adjustROI (int dtop, int dbottom, int dleft, int dright)；

dtop ROI 上边界移动值，如果为正，上边界向上移动，如果值为负，则向下移动。

dbottom ROI 下边界移动值，如果为正，下边界向下移动，如果值为负则向上移动。

dleftm ROI 左边界移动值，如果为正，左边界向左移动，如果值为负，则向右移动。

dbottom ROI 右边界移动值，如果为正，右边界向右移动，如果值为负，则向左移动。

这是一个比较有用的函数，在机器视觉中作目标检测及尺寸量测时，在对ROI区域左动态调整时，会用到这个函数。

下面来演示该函数的使用方法，新建一个空的控制台程序，在程序中加入如下代码：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){ cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);/*roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*/waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

我们感兴趣的是载入图片左下角的那颗IC，但取得ROI区域时，却取入了部分别的原件图像。这种情况下就需要用到adjustROI函数来调整ROI区域。下面将程序中注释掉的程序段的注释取消，让adjustROI函数起作用，注释去掉后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){ cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

最下面的图片即为调用adjustROI函数调整后的ROI区域，不再包含误选的元件。

void assignTo (Mat &m, int type=-1) const；

它提供了一种Mat type 转换方法，如果type为-1.则不做type转换，这是矩阵表达式引擎调用的内部使用的方法。

修改上面的示例代码，来演示该函数的使用，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){ cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);/*cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*/Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

再修改上面的示例代码，修改后如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){ cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}//imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;/*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*/src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

可以看出已实现src的type转换。虽然可实现type的转换，但是对于已有数据的Mat对象，这种转换可能导致原有数据没法使用及原有图像无法显示。

at()

用以获取Mat对象数据矩阵某以元素的值或者给其赋值。其原型有以下几种形式;

template<typename _Tp > _Tp & at (int i0=0)

template<typename _Tp > _Tp & at (int i0=0) const

template<typename _Tp > _Tp & at (int row, int col)

template<typename _Tp > const _Tp & at (int row, int col) const

template<typename _Tp > _Tp & at (int i0, int i1, int i2)

template<typename _Tp > const _Tp & at (int i0, int i1, int i2) const

template<typename _Tp > _Tp & at (const int *idx)

template<typename _Tp > const _Tp & at (const int *idx) const

template<typename _Tp > _Tp & at (const Vec< int, n > &idx)

template<typename _Tp > const _Tp & at (const Vec< int, n > &idx) const

template<typename _Tp > _Tp & at (Point pt)

template<typename _Tp > const _Tp & at (Point pt) const

上面的at函数原型都有带const与不带const两种形式，二者的区别在于可接受的参数不同。

修改上面代码，来演示其应用，修改后得到代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){ cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*/int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

再修改以上代码，修改后如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){ cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*/Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

再修改以上代码，修改后如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){ cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*/Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

再修改上面代码，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*/Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();int mdata[25] = {};for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*/Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();Point mdata[25] = {};for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

再修改上面代码，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*/Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*/for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

template<typename _Tp > MatIterator_< _Tp > begin ()

template<typename _Tp > MatIterator_< _Tp > begin () const

修改上面的示例代码，来演示该函数的用法，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};//Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*//*for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}*/Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);typedef Vec<uchar, 1> vec;MatIterator_<vec> it_start = m.begin<vec>();MatIterator_<vec> it_end = m.end<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_start = m.begin<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_end = m.end<vec>();int i = 0;while (it_start != it_end){*it_start = i + 1;i++;it_start++;}while (it1_start != it1_end){cout << *it1_start;it1_start++;}cout <<endl;cout << m << endl;waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

再修改上面代码，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};//Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*//*for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}*/Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//typedef Vec<uchar, 1> vec;MatIterator_<uchar> it_start = m.begin<uchar>();MatIterator_<uchar> it_end = m.end<uchar>();MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_start = m.begin<uchar>();MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_end = m.end<uchar>();int i = 0;while (it_start != it_end){*it_start = i + 1;i++;it_start++;}while (it1_start != it1_end){cout <<(int) *it1_start<<"  ";it1_start++;}cout <<endl;cout << m << endl;waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

再修改上面代码，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};//Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*//*for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//typedef Vec<uchar, 1> vec;//MatIterator_<uchar> it_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatIterator_<uchar> it_end = m.end<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_end = m.end<uchar>();/*while (it_start != it_end){*it_start = i + 1;i++;it_start++;}*/Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);typedef Vec<uchar, 3> vec;MatIterator_<vec> it_start = m.begin<vec>();MatIterator_<vec> it_end = m.end<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_start = m.begin<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_end = m.end<vec>();int i = 0;while (it_start != it_end){it_start[0] = 255-i;it_start[1] = 255 - 2 * i;it_start[1] = 255 - 3 * i;i++;it_start++;}while (it1_start != it1_end){cout <<*it1_start<<"  ";it1_start++;}cout <<endl;cout << m << endl;waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

int channels () const

返回Mat对象数据矩阵的通道数，该函数以多次出现再前面的示例中，这里就不再做演示。

int checkVector (int elemChannels, int depth=-1, bool requireContinuous=true) const

elemChannels 矩阵应具有的通道数或列数。对于2-D矩阵，当矩阵只有1列时，它应该具有elemChannels通道；当矩阵只有1个通道时，它应该有elemChannels列。对于三维矩阵，它应该只有一个通道。此外，如果平面的数量不是一个，那么每个平面内的行数必须是1；如果每个平面内的行数不是1，则平面数必须是1。

depth 矩阵元素位深度，缺省位-1，对任意深度设置位-1是合适的。

requireContinuous 如果设置位true，矩阵需是连续的。

返回值如果不满足需求条件返回-1，否则返回矩阵元素个数，注意元素可能有多个通道。

修改上面的示例代码，来演示该函数的用法，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};//Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*//*for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//typedef Vec<uchar, 1> vec;//MatIterator_<uchar> it_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatIterator_<uchar> it_end = m.end<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_end = m.end<uchar>();/*while (it_start != it_end){*it_start = i + 1;i++;it_start++;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);typedef Vec<uchar, 3> vec;MatIterator_<vec> it_start = m.begin<vec>();MatIterator_<vec> it_end = m.end<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_start = m.begin<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_end = m.end<vec>();int i = 0;while (it_start != it_end){it_start[0] = 255-i;it_start[1] = 255 - 2 * i;it_start[1] = 255 - 3 * i;i++;it_start++;}while (it1_start != it1_end){cout <<*it1_start<<"  ";it1_start++;}cout <<endl;cout << m << endl;*/Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;cout << "src channels:  " << src.channels() << endl;cout << src.checkVector(src.channels(), -1, true)<<endl;waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

CV_NODISCARD_STD Mat clone () const

返回一个克隆的Mat对象。

修改上面的示例代码，来演示该函数的用法，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};//Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*//*for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//typedef Vec<uchar, 1> vec;//MatIterator_<uchar> it_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatIterator_<uchar> it_end = m.end<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_end = m.end<uchar>();/*while (it_start != it_end){*it_start = i + 1;i++;it_start++;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);typedef Vec<uchar, 3> vec;MatIterator_<vec> it_start = m.begin<vec>();MatIterator_<vec> it_end = m.end<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_start = m.begin<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_end = m.end<vec>();int i = 0;while (it_start != it_end){it_start[0] = 255-i;it_start[1] = 255 - 2 * i;it_start[1] = 255 - 3 * i;i++;it_start++;}while (it1_start != it1_end){cout <<*it1_start<<"  ";it1_start++;}cout <<endl;cout << m << endl;*/Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;cout << "src channels:  " << src.channels() << endl;//cout << src.checkVector(src.channels(), -1, true)<<endl;Mat dst = src.clone();imshow("dst", dst);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;cout << " dst channels:  " << dst.channels() << endl;waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

Mat col (int x) const

为指定的Mat的对象创建矩阵列头，该方法为指定的矩阵生成一个新的头，这是一个O（1）运算，与矩阵大小无关，x无论输入多大（0~源的cols范围内），新生成的矩阵cols都为1。新矩阵的基础数据与原始矩阵共享。

修改上面的示例代码，来演示该函数的用法，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};//Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*//*for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//typedef Vec<uchar, 1> vec;//MatIterator_<uchar> it_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatIterator_<uchar> it_end = m.end<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_end = m.end<uchar>();/*while (it_start != it_end){*it_start = i + 1;i++;it_start++;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);typedef Vec<uchar, 3> vec;MatIterator_<vec> it_start = m.begin<vec>();MatIterator_<vec> it_end = m.end<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_start = m.begin<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_end = m.end<vec>();int i = 0;while (it_start != it_end){it_start[0] = 255-i;it_start[1] = 255 - 2 * i;it_start[1] = 255 - 3 * i;i++;it_start++;}while (it1_start != it1_end){cout <<*it1_start<<"  ";it1_start++;}cout <<endl;cout << m << endl;*//*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;cout << "src channels:  " << src.channels() << endl;//cout << src.checkVector(src.channels(), -1, true)<<endl;Mat dst = src.clone();imshow("dst", dst);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;cout << " dst channels:  " << dst.channels() << endl;*/Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;Mat dst = src.col(5);imshow("dst", dst);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

再修改上面的示例代码，插入一行修改dst cols的代码，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};//Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*//*for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//typedef Vec<uchar, 1> vec;//MatIterator_<uchar> it_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatIterator_<uchar> it_end = m.end<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_end = m.end<uchar>();/*while (it_start != it_end){*it_start = i + 1;i++;it_start++;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);typedef Vec<uchar, 3> vec;MatIterator_<vec> it_start = m.begin<vec>();MatIterator_<vec> it_end = m.end<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_start = m.begin<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_end = m.end<vec>();int i = 0;while (it_start != it_end){it_start[0] = 255-i;it_start[1] = 255 - 2 * i;it_start[1] = 255 - 3 * i;i++;it_start++;}while (it1_start != it1_end){cout <<*it1_start<<"  ";it1_start++;}cout <<endl;cout << m << endl;*//*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;cout << "src channels:  " << src.channels() << endl;//cout << src.checkVector(src.channels(), -1, true)<<endl;Mat dst = src.clone();imshow("dst", dst);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;cout << " dst channels:  " << dst.channels() << endl;*/Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;Mat dst = src.col(5); dst.cols = 100;imshow("dst", dst);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

可以看出，当生成新Mat矩阵头后可以通过修改cols值，来调整新生成的Mat对象的矩阵数据范围。

Mat colRange (int startcol, int endcol) const

Mat colRange (const Range &r) const

这两个函数与上一个函数的作用差不多，只不过是这两个一开始就指定cols范围。

修改上面的示例代码，来演示该函数的用法，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};//Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*//*for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//typedef Vec<uchar, 1> vec;//MatIterator_<uchar> it_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatIterator_<uchar> it_end = m.end<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_end = m.end<uchar>();/*while (it_start != it_end){*it_start = i + 1;i++;it_start++;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);typedef Vec<uchar, 3> vec;MatIterator_<vec> it_start = m.begin<vec>();MatIterator_<vec> it_end = m.end<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_start = m.begin<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_end = m.end<vec>();int i = 0;while (it_start != it_end){it_start[0] = 255-i;it_start[1] = 255 - 2 * i;it_start[1] = 255 - 3 * i;i++;it_start++;}while (it1_start != it1_end){cout <<*it1_start<<"  ";it1_start++;}cout <<endl;cout << m << endl;*//*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;cout << "src channels:  " << src.channels() << endl;//cout << src.checkVector(src.channels(), -1, true)<<endl;Mat dst = src.clone();imshow("dst", dst);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;cout << " dst channels:  " << dst.channels() << endl;*/Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;//Mat dst = src.col(5); Mat dst = src.colRange(5,150);Mat dst1 = src.colRange(Range(50,220));//dst.cols = 100;imshow("dst", dst);imshow("dst1", dst1);moveWindow("dst1", 0, 200);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;cout << " dst1 cols: " << dst1.cols << endl;cout << " dst1 rows: " << dst1.rows << endl;cout << " dst1 type: " << dst1.type() << endl;waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

用上面三个函数生成的Mat对象能否调用adjustROI函数来调整ROI区域呢？答案是肯定的。

void convertTo (OutputArray m, int rtype, double alpha=1, double beta=0) const

m 输出目标Mat 对象，如果其类型及大小不合适，将会被重新分配

alpha 像素BGR值比例缩放因子，可改变图像的明暗，不能缩改变图像大小，缺省为1

beta 添加到缩放因子的可选增量。

该方法将源像素值转换为目标数据类型。 saturate_cast<> 应用在末尾以避免可能的溢出，如下：

修改上面的示例代码，来演示该函数的用法，修改后的代码如下：

void copySize (const Mat &m)

内部使用函数；正确地重新分配 _size、_step 数组

m 源Mat对象

修改上面的示例代码，来演示该函数的用法，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};//Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*//*for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//typedef Vec<uchar, 1> vec;//MatIterator_<uchar> it_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatIterator_<uchar> it_end = m.end<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_end = m.end<uchar>();/*while (it_start != it_end){*it_start = i + 1;i++;it_start++;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);typedef Vec<uchar, 3> vec;MatIterator_<vec> it_start = m.begin<vec>();MatIterator_<vec> it_end = m.end<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_start = m.begin<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_end = m.end<vec>();int i = 0;while (it_start != it_end){it_start[0] = 255-i;it_start[1] = 255 - 2 * i;it_start[1] = 255 - 3 * i;i++;it_start++;}while (it1_start != it1_end){cout <<*it1_start<<"  ";it1_start++;}cout <<endl;cout << m << endl;*//*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;cout << "src channels:  " << src.channels() << endl;//cout << src.checkVector(src.channels(), -1, true)<<endl;Mat dst = src.clone();imshow("dst", dst);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;cout << " dst channels:  " << dst.channels() << endl;*//**Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;//Mat dst = src.col(5); Mat dst = src.colRange(5,150);Mat dst1 = src.colRange(Range(50,220));//dst.cols = 100;imshow("dst", dst);imshow("dst1", dst1);moveWindow("dst1", 0, 200);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;cout << " dst1 cols: " << dst1.cols << endl;cout << " dst1 rows: " << dst1.rows << endl;cout << " dst1 type: " << dst1.type() << endl;*//**Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);src.convertTo(src, src.type(), 1.2, 0);imshow("src new", src);*/Mat src = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);cout << src.size() << endl;Mat dst = Mat(8, 8, CV_8UC3);src.copySize(dst);cout << src.size() << endl;waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

void copyTo (OutputArray m) const

void copyTo (OutputArray m, InputArray mask) const

拷贝到另一个Mat对象

m 目标Mat对象

mask 与 *this 大小相同的操作掩码。它的非零元素表示哪些矩阵元素需要复制。掩码必须为 CV_8U 类型，并且可以有 1 个或多个通道。

修改上面的示例代码，来演示该函数的用法，修改后的代码如下：

// OpenCVMatTest4.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace cv;
using namespace std;int main()
{/*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if(src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};//Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*//*for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//typedef Vec<uchar, 1> vec;//MatIterator_<uchar> it_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatIterator_<uchar> it_end = m.end<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_end = m.end<uchar>();/*while (it_start != it_end){*it_start = i + 1;i++;it_start++;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);typedef Vec<uchar, 3> vec;MatIterator_<vec> it_start = m.begin<vec>();MatIterator_<vec> it_end = m.end<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_start = m.begin<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_end = m.end<vec>();int i = 0;while (it_start != it_end){it_start[0] = 255-i;it_start[1] = 255 - 2 * i;it_start[1] = 255 - 3 * i;i++;it_start++;}while (it1_start != it1_end){cout <<*it1_start<<"  ";it1_start++;}cout <<endl;cout << m << endl;*//*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;cout << "src channels:  " << src.channels() << endl;//cout << src.checkVector(src.channels(), -1, true)<<endl;Mat dst = src.clone();imshow("dst", dst);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;cout << " dst channels:  " << dst.channels() << endl;*//**Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;//Mat dst = src.col(5); Mat dst = src.colRange(5,150);Mat dst1 = src.colRange(Range(50,220));//dst.cols = 100;imshow("dst", dst);imshow("dst1", dst1);moveWindow("dst1", 0, 200);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;cout << " dst1 cols: " << dst1.cols << endl;cout << " dst1 rows: " << dst1.rows << endl;cout << " dst1 type: " << dst1.type() << endl;*//**Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);src.convertTo(src, src.type(), 1.2, 0);imshow("src new", src);*//*Mat src = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);cout << src.size() << endl;Mat dst = Mat(8, 8, CV_8UC3);src.copySize(dst);cout << src.size() << endl;*/Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);Mat dst;src.copyTo(dst);imshow("dst", dst);Mat mask(src.size(), CV_8UC1, cv::Scalar(255));mask(Rect(0, 0, src.cols/2, src.rows / 2)) = Scalar(0);Mat dst1(src.size(), src.type());src.copyTo(dst1, mask);imshow("dst1", dst1);waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：

void create (int rows, int cols, int type)

void create (Size size, int type)

void create (int ndims, const int *sizes, int type)

void create (const std::vector< int > &sizes, int type)

以上四个函数都是用以生成新的Mat对象，差别仅是接受的参数不同。

rows 新Mat对象的rows

cols 新Mat对象的cols

type 新Mat兑现的type

size 含新Mat对象rows、cols的vector对象

修改上面的示例代码，来演示该函数的用法，修改后的代码如下：

return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: "<<src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: "<<src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: "<< src.type() << endl;*//*Rect rec(0, 130, 120,90);Mat roi = Mat(src, rec);imshow("roi", roi);moveWindow("roi", 300, 300);roi.adjustROI(-5, 0, -5, -10);imshow("roi adj", roi);moveWindow("roi adj", 500, 500);*//*Mat dst;src.assignTo(dst, -1);imshow("dst",dst);*//*src.assignTo(src, CV_16FC3);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;*//*int mdata[] = { 10,10 };Mat m = Mat(1, mdata, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){m.at<uchar>(i) = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i) << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)m.at<uchar>(i, j) = i + j;}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++)cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(i, j);cout << endl;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){m.at<uchar>((i, j),0) = j;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1) = j + 1;m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) = j+ 2;}}for (size_t i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j),0);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 1);cout << (int)m.at<uchar>((i, j), 2) << "  ";}cout << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//int const length = m.cols * m.rows*m.channels();//Point mdata[25] = {};//Vec<int, 25> mdata;/*for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++){for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++){mdata[i * 5 + j].x = i;mdata[i * 5 + j].y = j;}}*//*for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){mdata[i] = i;}for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++){m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) = (uchar)i;}for (int i = 0; i < length; i++){cout << (int)m.at<uchar>(mdata[i]) << endl;}*///Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);//typedef Vec<uchar, 1> vec;//MatIterator_<uchar> it_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatIterator_<uchar> it_end = m.end<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_start = m.begin<uchar>();//MatConstIterator_<uchar> it1_end = m.end<uchar>();/*while (it_start != it_end){*it_start = i + 1;i++;it_start++;}*//*Mat m = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC3);typedef Vec<uchar, 3> vec;MatIterator_<vec> it_start = m.begin<vec>();MatIterator_<vec> it_end = m.end<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_start = m.begin<vec>();MatConstIterator_<vec> it1_end = m.end<vec>();int i = 0;while (it_start != it_end){it_start[0] = 255-i;it_start[1] = 255 - 2 * i;it_start[1] = 255 - 3 * i;i++;it_start++;}while (it1_start != it1_end){cout <<*it1_start<<"  ";it1_start++;}cout <<endl;cout << m << endl;*//*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;cout << "src channels:  " << src.channels() << endl;//cout << src.checkVector(src.channels(), -1, true)<<endl;Mat dst = src.clone();imshow("dst", dst);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;cout << " dst channels:  " << dst.channels() << endl;*//**Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);cout << "src cols: " << src.cols << endl;cout << "src rows: " << src.rows << endl;cout << "src type: " << src.type() << endl;//Mat dst = src.col(5); Mat dst = src.colRange(5,150);Mat dst1 = src.colRange(Range(50,220));//dst.cols = 100;imshow("dst", dst);imshow("dst1", dst1);moveWindow("dst1", 0, 200);cout << " dst cols: " << dst.cols << endl;cout << " dst rows: " << dst.rows << endl;cout << " dst type: " << dst.type() << endl;cout << " dst1 cols: " << dst1.cols << endl;cout << " dst1 rows: " << dst1.rows << endl;cout << " dst1 type: " << dst1.type() << endl;*//**Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);src.convertTo(src, src.type(), 1.2, 0);imshow("src new", src);*//*Mat src = Mat(5, 5, CV_8UC1);cout << src.size() << endl;Mat dst = Mat(8, 8, CV_8UC3);src.copySize(dst);cout << src.size() << endl;*//*Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src", src);Mat dst;src.copyTo(dst);imshow("dst", dst);Mat mask(src.size(), CV_8UC1, cv::Scalar(255));mask(Rect(0, 0, src.cols/2, src.rows / 2)) = Scalar(0);Mat dst1(src.size(), src.type());src.copyTo(dst1, mask);imshow("dst1", dst1);*/Mat src = imread("1.bmp");if (src.empty()){cout << "Load image failed!" << endl;return -1;}imshow("src 1th", src);src.create(src.rows-10, src.cols-10, src.type());imshow("src 2th", src);src.create(Size(src.rows, src.cols + 10), src.type());imshow("src 3th", src);int size[] = { 250,230 };src.create(2, size, CV_8UC3);imshow("src 4th", src);vector<int> vec(2);vec[0] = 230;vec[1] = 250;src.create(vec, CV_8UC3);imshow("src 5th", src);waitKey(0);return 0;
}

试运行，结果如下：