Docker Compose是一个用于定义和运行多个Docker容器的工具。它使用YAML文件来配置应用程序的服务、网络和卷等方面，使得在单个主机上进行部署更加简单。通过定义一个Compose文件，你可以一次性启动、停止和管理整个应用程序的多个容器。

Compose文件包含了应用程序的各种服务的配置选项，如镜像、端口映射、环境变量、卷挂载等。你只需在Compose文件中定义所需的服务和其配置，然后使用docker-compose up命令即可启动整个应用程序。此外，你还可以使用docker-compose down命令来停止和删除所有相关的容器。

1.  docker-compose部署

[root@localhost bin]#  pwd
/usr/local/bin
[root@localhost bin]# curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose% Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  CurrentDload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:--  0:00:01 --:--:--     0
100 12.1M  100 12.1M    0     0   5094      0  0:41:40  0:41:40 --:--:--  5509[root@localhost bin]# ll
total 12440
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 12737304 Mar 10 02:25 docker-compose
[root@localhost bin]# chmod 777 docker-compose[root@localhost bin]# docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.29.2, build 5becea4c

查看帮助

[root@localhost ~]# docker-compose --help
Define and run multi-container applications with Docker.Usage:docker-compose [-f <arg>...] [options] [COMMAND] [ARGS...]docker-compose -h|--helpOptions:-f, --file FILE             Specify an alternate compose file (default: docker-compose.yml)-p, --project-name NAME     Specify an alternate project name (default: directory name)--verbose                   Show more output--no-ansi                   Do not print ANSI control characters-v, --version               Print version and exit-H, --host HOST             Daemon socket to connect to--tls                       Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify--tlscacert CA_PATH         Trust certs signed only by this CA--tlscert CLIENT_CERT_PATH  Path to TLS certificate file--tlskey TLS_KEY_PATH       Path to TLS key file--tlsverify                 Use TLS and verify the remote--skip-hostname-check       Don't check the daemon's hostname against the name specifiedin the client certificate (for example if your docker hostis an IP address)--project-directory PATH    Specify an alternate working directory(default: the path of the Compose file)Commands:build              Build or rebuild servicesbundle             Generate a Docker bundle from the Compose fileconfig             Validate and view the Compose filecreate             Create servicesdown               Stop and remove containers, networks, images, and volumesevents             Receive real time events from containersexec               Execute a command in a running containerhelp               Get help on a commandimages             List imageskill               Kill containerslogs               View output from containerspause              Pause servicesport               Print the public port for a port bindingps                 List containerspull               Pull service imagespush               Push service imagesrestart            Restart servicesrm                 Remove stopped containersrun                Run a one-off commandscale              Set number of containers for a servicestart              Start servicesstop               Stop servicestop                Display the running processesunpause            Unpause servicesup                 Create and start containersversion            Show the Docker-Compose version information

2.  docker-compose.yml模板

version: '3.8'
services:
  web:
    image: nginx:latest
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
  db:
    image: mysql:latest
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: example
      MYSQL_DATABASE: mydatabase
      MYSQL_USER: user
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: password
包含了两个服务：web 和 db。web 服务使用 Nginx 镜像并将容器的 80 端口映射到宿主机的 8080 端口；db 服务使用 MySQL 镜像，并设置了一些环境变量用于配置 MySQL 实例。

解析：

version: 指定了 Docker Compose 文件的版本。
services: 定义了各个服务。
web 和 db 是服务的名称，可以根据实际情况自行命名。
image: 指定了服务所使用的镜像。
ports: 定义了端口映射关系，格式为 "宿主机端口:容器端口"。
environment: 设置了该服务运行时需要的环境变量，这里设置了 MySQL 的 root 密码、数据库名、用户名和密码。

3.  使用compose搭建WordPress

[root@localhost ~]# cd /home/
[root@localhost home]# ll
total 0# 创建项目目录
[root@localhost home]# mkdir wordpress
[root@localhost home]# vi docker-compose.yml
[root@localhost home]# cat docker-compose.yml
version: "3"
services:db:image: mysql:8.0command:- --default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password- --character-set-server=utf8mb4- --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_civolumes:- db_data:/var/lib/mysqlrestart: alwaysenvironment:MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpressMYSQL_USER: wordpressMYSQL_PASSWORD: wordpresswordpress:depends_on:- dbimage: wordpress:latestports:- "8000:80"restart: alwaysenvironment:WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: db:3306WORDPRESS_DB_USER: wordpressWORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: wordpress
volumes:db_data:

启动项目

[root@localhost home]# docker-compose up[root@localhost home]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE              COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                                   NAMES
edeae04f9543   wordpress:latest   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   7 minutes ago   Up 7 minutes   0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp, :::8000->80/tcp   home_wordpress_1
ebaa335a1d47   mysql:8.0          "docker-entrypoint.s…"   7 minutes ago   Up 7 minutes   3306/tcp, 33060/tcp                     home_db_1#必须在项目目录中才能使用这个命令
[root@localhost home]# docker-compose psName                    Command               State                  Ports
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
home_db_1          docker-entrypoint.sh --def ...   Up      3306/tcp, 33060/tcp
home_wordpress_1   docker-entrypoint.sh apach ...   Up      0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp,:::8000->80/tcp

关闭防火墙，通过浏览器进行访问

[root@localhost home]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost home]# setenforce 0