【GIS系列】GeoTools简介及工具类分享

本文将对GeoTools相关概念进行介绍，同时会给大家分享我工作中用到的工具类及使用方法。

作者：后端小肥肠

目录

1.前言

2. GeoTools简介

3. Geotools使用示例

3.1. 开发环境搭建

3.1.1. 所需版本和工具

3.1.2. pom依赖​​​​​​​

4. 工具类介绍

4.1. 读取shp工具类

4.1.1 准备数据

4.1.2. 部分方法

4.1.3. 完整工具类代码

4.2. 坐标转换工具类

4.2.1. 准备数据

4.2.2. 完整工具类代码

5. 结语

6. 参考链接 

1.前言

GeoTools是一个功能强大的开源GIS工具库，为地理空间数据处理和分析提供了丰富的功能和便利的接口。无论您是GIS专业人士还是对地理空间数据感兴趣的开发人员，掌握GeoTools都是必不可少的。本文将从基本概念入手，介绍GeoTools的功能和使用方法，并重点分享一些实用的工具类和技巧，希望能为您在GIS应用开发中提供帮助和启发。

2. GeoTools简介

GeoTools是一个开源的Java库，用于处理和分析地理空间数据。它提供了一系列用于读取、写入、处理和可视化地理空间数据的工具和API。以下是与GeoTools相关的一些重要概念：

  1. 地理空间数据（Geospatial Data）： GeoTools主要用于处理地理空间数据，这包括地图、地形、卫星影像、矢量数据等地理信息。这些数据通常具有地理坐标信息和地理属性信息。

  2. 地理坐标系统（Geographic Coordinate System，GCS）： 地理坐标系统是用于在地球上定位点的一种方法。GeoTools支持多种地理坐标系统，包括经纬度坐标系统等。

  3. 投影坐标系统（Projected Coordinate System，PCS）： 投影坐标系统是将地球表面的地理坐标投影到平面上的一种方法。GeoTools提供了许多常用的投影方法和投影坐标系统的支持。

  4. 数据格式（Data Formats）： GeoTools支持多种地理空间数据格式，如Shapefile、GeoJSON、KML、GML等，可以方便地读取和写入这些数据格式。

  5. 空间分析（Spatial Analysis）： GeoTools提供了丰富的空间分析功能，包括缓冲区分析、空间查询、空间叠加分析等，可以帮助用户进行地理空间数据的处理和分析。

总的来说，GeoTools是一个功能丰富的GIS工具库，提供了丰富的功能和工具，可以帮助用户处理和分析各种地理空间数据，并构建地理空间应用。

3. Geotools使用示例

3.1. 开发环境搭建

3.1.1. 所需版本和工具
依赖版本
Spring Boot2.6.14
GeoTools4.4.18
java1.8以上
ArcGis10.8

我这里用的不是GeoTools的最新版本，需要最新版本的同学可登录GeoTools的官网（GeoTools The Open Source Java GIS Toolkit — GeoTools）查看最新版本和其使用规则。

​

如上图所示，最新版本的GeoTools跟java11适配。

3.1.2. pom依赖
         <dependency><groupId>org.geotools</groupId><artifactId>gt-shapefile</artifactId><version>${geotools.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.geotools</groupId><artifactId>gt-geojson</artifactId><version>${geotools.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.geotools</groupId><artifactId>gt-swing</artifactId><version>${geotools.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId></dependency>

4. 工具类介绍

4.1. 读取shp工具类

4.1.1 准备数据

打开ArcGis绘制面数据，我这里绘制了4490坐标系的几个面要素。

4.1.2. 部分方法

1. 读取shp中的空间要素信息（wkt）

public static List<String> getWktFromShp(String shpPath) {List<String> shpList = new ArrayList<>();SimpleFeatureCollection simpleFeatureCollection = null;try {//获取文件File file = new File(shpPath);// 读取到数据存储中FileDataStore dataStore = FileDataStoreFinder.getDataStore(file);// 获取特征资源SimpleFeatureSource simpleFeatureSource = dataStore.getFeatureSource();// 要素集合simpleFeatureCollection = simpleFeatureSource.getFeatures();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}// 获取要素迭代器SimpleFeatureIterator featureIterator = simpleFeatureCollection.features();while (featureIterator.hasNext()) {// 要素对象SimpleFeature feature = featureIterator.next();Object geometryText = feature.getDefaultGeometry();log.info(geometryText.toString());shpList.add(geometryText.toString());}featureIterator.close();return shpList;}

2. 运行结果

3. 读取shp文件并将其转换为Geojson

    /*** 构造Geojson结构体* @param featuresJson* @return*/public static JSONObject buildGeoJson(JSONArray featuresJson) {JSONObject Geojson = new JSONObject();Geojson.put("type", "FeatureCollection");Geojson.put("features", featuresJson);return Geojson;}/*** 构造Geojson的features部分 单个** @param geoObject* @param properties* @return*/public static JSONObject buildFeature(Map geoObject, Map properties) {JSONObject featureObject = new JSONObject();Map featureMap = new HashMap();featureMap.put("type", "Feature");featureMap.putAll(geoObject);featureMap.put("properties", properties);featureObject.putAll(featureMap);return featureObject;}/*** 获取空间信息并构造为Map* @param wkt* @return*/public static Map getGeoMap(String wkt) {Map<String, Object> geoMap = new HashMap<>();String json = null;try {WKTReader reader = new WKTReader();Geometry geometry = reader.read(wkt);StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();GeometryJSON g = new GeometryJSON();g.write(geometry, writer);geoMap.put("geometry", writer);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return geoMap;}/*** 基于shp构造geojson并返回** @param shpPath* @return*/public static JSONObject buildGeojsonFromShp(String shpPath) {JSONArray featureArray = new JSONArray();
//        List<String>shpList=new ArrayList<>();SimpleFeatureCollection simpleFeatureCollection = null;try {
//            要素合集//获取文件File file = new File(shpPath);// 读取到数据存储中ShapefileDataStore dataStore = (ShapefileDataStore) FileDataStoreFinder.getDataStore(file);dataStore.setCharset(Charset.forName("GBK"));// 获取特征资源SimpleFeatureSource simpleFeatureSource = dataStore.getFeatureSource();// 要素集合simpleFeatureCollection = simpleFeatureSource.getFeatures();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}SimpleFeatureIterator featureIterator = simpleFeatureCollection.features();
//            // 要素数量int featureSize = simpleFeatureCollection.size();
//            log.info("要素数量"+featureSize);//创建properties  Mapwhile (featureIterator.hasNext()) {// 要素对象SimpleFeature feature = featureIterator.next();Collection<Property> propertyCollection = (Collection<Property>) feature.getValue();//填充属性mapMap<String, Object> properMap = new HashMap<>();for (Property property : propertyCollection) {if (property.getName().toString().equals("the_geom")) {continue;}properMap.put(property.getName().toString(), property.getValue());}//获取geo信息Object geometryText = feature.getDefaultGeometry();Map geoMap = getGeoMap(geometryText.toString());JSONObject featureObject = buildFeature(geoMap, properMap);featureArray.add(featureObject);}featureIterator.close();JSONObject GeoJson = buildGeoJson(featureArray);return GeoJson;}

4. 运行结果

4.1.3. 完整工具类代码
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.geotools.data.FileDataStore;
import org.geotools.data.FileDataStoreFinder;
import org.geotools.data.shapefile.ShapefileDataStore;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureCollection;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureIterator;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureSource;
import org.geotools.geojson.geom.GeometryJSON;
import org.json.simple.JSONArray;
import org.json.simple.JSONObject;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.Geometry;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.GeometryFactory;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.Point;
import org.locationtech.jts.io.ParseException;
import org.locationtech.jts.io.WKTReader;
import org.locationtech.jts.io.WKTWriter;
import org.opengis.feature.Property;
import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeature;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.*;/*** @version 1.0* @description: gis工具类* @author: chenss* @date 2024-03-14 16:19*/
@Slf4j
public class GisUtil {public static void main(String[] args) {JSONObject Geojson=buildGeojsonFromShp("D:\\arcgisdata\\mesh4490.shp");log.info(Geojson.toJSONString());
//        List<String> wkts = getWktFromShp("D:\\arcgisdata\\mesh4490.shp");
//        for (String wkt : wkts) {
//            log.info(wkt);
//        }}/*** 构造Geojson结构体* @param featuresJson* @return*/public static JSONObject buildGeoJson(JSONArray featuresJson) {JSONObject Geojson = new JSONObject();Geojson.put("type", "FeatureCollection");Geojson.put("features", featuresJson);return Geojson;}/*** 构造Geojson的features部分 单个** @param geoObject* @param properties* @return*/public static JSONObject buildFeature(Map geoObject, Map properties) {JSONObject featureObject = new JSONObject();Map featureMap = new HashMap();featureMap.put("type", "Feature");featureMap.putAll(geoObject);featureMap.put("properties", properties);featureObject.putAll(featureMap);return featureObject;}/*** 获取空间信息并构造为Map* @param wkt* @return*/public static Map getGeoMap(String wkt) {Map<String, Object> geoMap = new HashMap<>();String json = null;try {WKTReader reader = new WKTReader();Geometry geometry = reader.read(wkt);StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();GeometryJSON g = new GeometryJSON();g.write(geometry, writer);geoMap.put("geometry", writer);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return geoMap;}/*** 只读取geo信息 wkt** @param shpPath* @return*/public static List<String> getWktFromShp(String shpPath) {List<String> shpList = new ArrayList<>();SimpleFeatureCollection simpleFeatureCollection = null;try {//获取文件File file = new File(shpPath);// 读取到数据存储中FileDataStore dataStore = FileDataStoreFinder.getDataStore(file);// 获取特征资源SimpleFeatureSource simpleFeatureSource = dataStore.getFeatureSource();// 要素集合simpleFeatureCollection = simpleFeatureSource.getFeatures();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}// 获取要素迭代器SimpleFeatureIterator featureIterator = simpleFeatureCollection.features();while (featureIterator.hasNext()) {// 要素对象SimpleFeature feature = featureIterator.next();Object geometryText = feature.getDefaultGeometry();log.info(geometryText.toString());shpList.add(geometryText.toString());}featureIterator.close();return shpList;}/*** 基于shp构造geojson并返回** @param shpPath* @return*/public static JSONObject buildGeojsonFromShp(String shpPath) {JSONArray featureArray = new JSONArray();
//        List<String>shpList=new ArrayList<>();SimpleFeatureCollection simpleFeatureCollection = null;try {
//            要素合集//获取文件File file = new File(shpPath);// 读取到数据存储中ShapefileDataStore dataStore = (ShapefileDataStore) FileDataStoreFinder.getDataStore(file);dataStore.setCharset(Charset.forName("GBK"));// 获取特征资源SimpleFeatureSource simpleFeatureSource = dataStore.getFeatureSource();// 要素集合simpleFeatureCollection = simpleFeatureSource.getFeatures();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}SimpleFeatureIterator featureIterator = simpleFeatureCollection.features();
//            // 要素数量int featureSize = simpleFeatureCollection.size();
//            log.info("要素数量"+featureSize);//创建properties  Mapwhile (featureIterator.hasNext()) {// 要素对象SimpleFeature feature = featureIterator.next();Collection<Property> propertyCollection = (Collection<Property>) feature.getValue();//填充属性mapMap<String, Object> properMap = new HashMap<>();for (Property property : propertyCollection) {if (property.getName().toString().equals("the_geom")) {continue;}properMap.put(property.getName().toString(), property.getValue());}//获取geo信息Object geometryText = feature.getDefaultGeometry();Map geoMap = getGeoMap(geometryText.toString());JSONObject featureObject = buildFeature(geoMap, properMap);featureArray.add(featureObject);}featureIterator.close();JSONObject GeoJson = buildGeoJson(featureArray);return GeoJson;}/*** 根据给定的wkt面求出中心点，并以wkt形式返回*/public static String calculateCenter(String wktPolygon) throws ParseException {// 创建 WKT 解析器和写入器WKTReader reader = new WKTReader(new GeometryFactory());WKTWriter writer = new WKTWriter();// 解析面的几何对象Geometry geometry = reader.read(wktPolygon);// 计算面的中心点Point center = geometry.getCentroid();// 将中心点转换为 WKT 格式String wktCenter = writer.write(center);return wktCenter;}}

4.2. 坐标转换工具类

我这个坐标转换工具只应用于同椭球（本文示例为2000坐标系-EPSG：4490）坐标投影转换。已云南的投影带为33-35,对应的EPSG为4521、4522、4523。

4.2.1. 准备数据

1. 准备4490、4521、4522、4523的shp

2. 获取.prj中坐标描述信息

3. 将坐标描述信息存放到常量Map中

static final  Map<String,String> projMap=new HashMap();
static {projMap.put("4522","PROJCS["CGCS2000_3_Degree_GK_Zone_34",GEOGCS["GCS_China_Geodetic_Coordinate_System_2000",DATUM["D_China_2000",SPHEROID["CGCS2000",6378137.0,298.257222101]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0],UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION["Gauss_Kruger"],PARAMETER["False_Easting",34500000.0],PARAMETER["False_Northing",0.0],PARAMETER["Central_Meridian",102.0],PARAMETER["Scale_Factor",1.0],PARAMETER["Latitude_Of_Origin",0.0],UNIT["Meter",1.0]]");projMap.put("4490","GEOGCS["China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000",\n" +"    DATUM["China_2000",\n" +"        SPHEROID["CGCS2000",6378137,298.257222101,\n" +"            AUTHORITY["EPSG","1024"]],\n" +"        AUTHORITY["EPSG","1043"]],\n" +"    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,\n" +"        AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],\n" +"    UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,\n" +"        AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]],\n" +"    AUTHORITY["EPSG","4490"]]");projMap.put("4521","PROJCS["CGCS2000_3_Degree_GK_Zone_33",GEOGCS["GCS_China_Geodetic_Coordinate_System_2000",DATUM["D_China_2000",SPHEROID["CGCS2000",6378137.0,298.257222101]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0],UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION["Gauss_Kruger"],PARAMETER["False_Easting",33500000.0],PARAMETER["False_Northing",0.0],PARAMETER["Central_Meridian",99.0],PARAMETER["Scale_Factor",1.0],PARAMETER["Latitude_Of_Origin",0.0],UNIT["Meter",1.0]]");projMap.put("4523","PROJCS["CGCS2000_3_Degree_GK_Zone_35",GEOGCS["GCS_China_Geodetic_Coordinate_System_2000",DATUM["D_China_2000",SPHEROID["CGCS2000",6378137.0,298.257222101]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0],UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION["Gauss_Kruger"],PARAMETER["False_Easting",35500000.0],PARAMETER["False_Northing",0.0],PARAMETER["Central_Meridian",105.0],PARAMETER["Scale_Factor",1.0],PARAMETER["Latitude_Of_Origin",0.0],UNIT["Meter",1.0]]");
}
4.2.2. 完整工具类代码
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.geotools.data.FeatureWriter;
import org.geotools.data.FileDataStoreFactorySpi;
import org.geotools.data.Transaction;
import org.geotools.data.shapefile.ShapefileDataStore;
import org.geotools.data.shapefile.ShapefileDataStoreFactory;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureIterator;
import org.geotools.data.simple.SimpleFeatureSource;
import org.geotools.feature.simple.SimpleFeatureTypeBuilder;
import org.geotools.geometry.jts.JTS;
import org.geotools.referencing.CRS;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.Geometry;
import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeature;
import org.opengis.feature.simple.SimpleFeatureType;
import org.opengis.referencing.crs.CoordinateReferenceSystem;
import org.opengis.referencing.operation.MathTransform;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;@Slf4j
public class ProjTransUtil {static final  Map<String,String> projMap=new HashMap();static {projMap.put("4522","PROJCS[\"CGCS2000_3_Degree_GK_Zone_34\",GEOGCS[\"GCS_China_Geodetic_Coordinate_System_2000\",DATUM[\"D_China_2000\",SPHEROID[\"CGCS2000\",6378137.0,298.257222101]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0.0],UNIT[\"Degree\",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION[\"Gauss_Kruger\"],PARAMETER[\"False_Easting\",34500000.0],PARAMETER[\"False_Northing\",0.0],PARAMETER[\"Central_Meridian\",102.0],PARAMETER[\"Scale_Factor\",1.0],PARAMETER[\"Latitude_Of_Origin\",0.0],UNIT[\"Meter\",1.0]]");projMap.put("4490","GEOGCS[\"China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000\",\n" +"    DATUM[\"China_2000\",\n" +"        SPHEROID[\"CGCS2000\",6378137,298.257222101,\n" +"            AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"1024\"]],\n" +"        AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"1043\"]],\n" +"    PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0,\n" +"        AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"8901\"]],\n" +"    UNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433,\n" +"        AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"9122\"]],\n" +"    AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"4490\"]]");projMap.put("4521","PROJCS[\"CGCS2000_3_Degree_GK_Zone_33\",GEOGCS[\"GCS_China_Geodetic_Coordinate_System_2000\",DATUM[\"D_China_2000\",SPHEROID[\"CGCS2000\",6378137.0,298.257222101]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0.0],UNIT[\"Degree\",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION[\"Gauss_Kruger\"],PARAMETER[\"False_Easting\",33500000.0],PARAMETER[\"False_Northing\",0.0],PARAMETER[\"Central_Meridian\",99.0],PARAMETER[\"Scale_Factor\",1.0],PARAMETER[\"Latitude_Of_Origin\",0.0],UNIT[\"Meter\",1.0]]");projMap.put("4523","PROJCS[\"CGCS2000_3_Degree_GK_Zone_35\",GEOGCS[\"GCS_China_Geodetic_Coordinate_System_2000\",DATUM[\"D_China_2000\",SPHEROID[\"CGCS2000\",6378137.0,298.257222101]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0.0],UNIT[\"Degree\",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION[\"Gauss_Kruger\"],PARAMETER[\"False_Easting\",35500000.0],PARAMETER[\"False_Northing\",0.0],PARAMETER[\"Central_Meridian\",105.0],PARAMETER[\"Scale_Factor\",1.0],PARAMETER[\"Latitude_Of_Origin\",0.0],UNIT[\"Meter\",1.0]]");}/*** 根据传入wkt获取数据坐标系* @param wkt* @return*/public static String getProj(String wkt){String resEpsg="";int lonLatStart=-1;//根据wkt字符串判断平面坐标位于哪一度带try {for (int i = 0; i < wkt.length(); i++) {if(Integer.valueOf(wkt.charAt(i))>=48&&Integer.valueOf(wkt.charAt(i))<58){lonLatStart=i;break;}}int lonLatEnd=wkt.indexOf(",");String projLonLat=wkt.substring(lonLatStart,lonLatEnd);String[]lonlat=projLonLat.split(" ");String projLon=lonlat[0];if(projLon.substring(0,2).equals("33")){resEpsg="4521";}else if(projLon.substring(0,2).equals("34")){resEpsg="4522";}else if(projLon.substring(0,2).equals("35")){resEpsg="4523";}elsereturn "4490";} catch (Exception e) {log.info(wkt+"出错");log.error(e.getMessage(),e);}return resEpsg;}/*** 坐标转换* @param geom* @param sourceEpsg* @return*/public static Geometry lonlat2WebMactor(Geometry geom,String sourceEpsg){try{//这里是以OGC WKT形式定义的是World Mercator投影，网页地图一般使用该投影CoordinateReferenceSystem crsSource=CRS.parseWKT(projMap.get(sourceEpsg));CoordinateReferenceSystem crsTarget = CRS.parseWKT(projMap.get("4490"));// 投影转换
//            MathTransform transform = CRS.findMathTransform(DefaultGeographicCRS.WGS84, crsTarget);MathTransform transform = CRS.findMathTransform(crsSource, crsTarget);return JTS.transform(geom, transform);}catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocklog.error(e.getMessage(),e);return null;}}/***给定inputshp转换为targetEpsg坐标系，并输出到outputShp位置* @param inputShp* @param outputShp* @param targetEpsg* @return*/public static Map projectShape(String inputShp, String outputShp,String targetEpsg){Map map = new HashMap();try {//源shape文件ShapefileDataStore shapeDS = (ShapefileDataStore) new ShapefileDataStoreFactory().createDataStore(new File(inputShp).toURI().toURL());//创建目标shape文件对象Map<String, Serializable> params = new HashMap<String, Serializable>();FileDataStoreFactorySpi factory = new ShapefileDataStoreFactory();File file=FileUtil.createFileByPath(outputShp);
//            if(!file.exists()){params.put(ShapefileDataStoreFactory.URLP.key,file.toURI().toURL());ShapefileDataStore ds = (ShapefileDataStore) factory.createNewDataStore(params);
//            Charset charset = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
//            ds.setCharset(charset);// 设置属性SimpleFeatureSource fs = shapeDS.getFeatureSource(shapeDS.getTypeNames()[0]);//下面这行还有其他写法，根据源shape文件的simpleFeatureType可以不用retype，而直接用fs.getSchema设置
//            CoordinateReferenceSystem crs = CRS.parseWKT(strWKTMercator);CoordinateReferenceSystem crs = CRS.parseWKT(projMap.get("4490"));ds.createSchema(SimpleFeatureTypeBuilder.retype(fs.getSchema(), crs));//设置writerFeatureWriter<SimpleFeatureType, SimpleFeature> writer = ds.getFeatureWriter(ds.getTypeNames()[0], Transaction.AUTO_COMMIT);//写记录SimpleFeatureIterator it = fs.getFeatures().features();try {while (it.hasNext()) {SimpleFeature f = it.next();SimpleFeature fNew = writer.next();fNew.setAttributes(f.getAttributes());Geometry geom = lonlat2WebMactor((Geometry)f.getAttribute("the_geom"),targetEpsg);fNew.setAttribute("the_geom", geom);}}finally {it.close();}writer.write();writer.close();ds.dispose();shapeDS.dispose();
//            }map.put("status", "success");map.put("message", outputShp);}catch (Exception e) {log.error(e.getMessage(),e);map.put("status", "failure");map.put("message", e.getMessage());}return map;}//    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        String input="D:\\jsonshp\\test.shp";
//        String output="D:\\jsonshp\\test4490.shp";
//        projectShape(input,output);
//    }}

5. 结语

本文对GeoTools的基本概念进行了简介，之后介绍了Geotools的工具类及其具体用法。下一篇文章将讲解Postgis+Geotools+MybatisPlus实现数据的读取，写入及前端展示。对Gis开发领域感兴趣的同学可动动你们发财的小手点点关注~

​

6. 参考链接 

常见2000坐标系对应的EPSG代号 - 知乎

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