1.JdbcTemplate概述
它是spring框架中提供的一个对象,是对原始繁琐的Jdbc API对象的简单封装。spring框架为我们提供了很多的操作模板类。例如:操作关系型数据的JdbcTemplate和HibernateTemplate,操作nosql数据库的RedisTemplate,操作消息队列的JmsTemplate等等。
2.JdbcTemplate开发步骤
- 导入spring-jdbc和spring-tx坐标
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId><version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version></dependency>
- 创建数据库表和实体
Account.java
package com.zhxd.domian;public class Account {private String name;private double money;public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public double getMoney() {return money;}public void setMoney(int money) {this.money = money;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Account{" +"name='" + name + '\'' +", money=" + money +'}';}
}
- 创建JdbcTemplate对象
- 执行数据库操作
public class TestJdbcTemplate {@Testpublic void testJdbcTemplate() throws PropertyVetoException {//1. 设置DataSource数据源对象ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useSSL=false");dataSource.setUser("root");dataSource.setPassword("root");//2.创建JdbcTemplate对象JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate();//3. 设置数据源给JdbcTemplatejdbcTemplate.setDataSource(dataSource);//4. 执行操作int row = jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account values(?,?)", "tom",5000);System.out.println(row);}
}
3.Spring产生JdbcTemplate对象
我们可以将JdbcTemplate的创建权交给Spring,将数据源DataSource的创建权也交给Spring,在Spring容器内部将数据源DataSource注入到JdbcTemplate模版对象中,配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property><property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property><property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property></bean><bean id="jdbcTemplant" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property></bean>
</beans>
上述文件要提取数据库连接参数,在resouces创建jdbc.properties文件:
jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useSSL=false
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = root
从容器中获得JdbcTemplate进行添加操作:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class TestJdbcTemplate {//1. 自动注入JdbcTemplate对象@Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;@Testpublic void testJdbcTemplate() {
// 2. 执行操作int row = jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account values(?,?)", "tom",5000);System.out.println(row);}
}
4.JdbcTemplate的常用操作
- 修改操作
@Testpublic void testUpdate() {//使用update方法,SQL语句编写更新语句int row = jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=? where name=?", 1000, "tom");System.out.println(row);}
- 删除操作
@Testpublic void testDelete() {//使用update方法,SQL语句编写删除语句int row = jdbcTemplate.update("delete from account where name=?", "tom");System.out.println(row);}
- 查询全部
- 查询全部返回集合:
List<T> query(String sql,RowMapper<T> rowMappe) )
//查询全部,返回一个集合@Testpublic void testQueryAll() {List<Account> accountList =jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class));System.out.println(accountList);}
- 查询单个
- 查询单个返回一个对象:
T queryForObject(String sql,RowMapper<T> rowMappe,args...))
//单个查询@Testpublic void testQueryOne() {Account account =jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from account where name =?", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class), "tom");System.out.println(account);}
- 聚合查询
- 聚合查询:
T queryForObject(String sql,Class<T> requireType))
//测试查询单个简单数据操作(聚合查询)@Testpublic void testQueryCount() {Long rows = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select count(*) from account", Long.class);System.out.println(rows);jdbcTemplate.queryForO}