伪分布Hadoop下安装Hive-编程知识

一、下载并安装Mysql

（1）下载mysql安装包（mysql-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar）

下载官网：MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions)https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

（2）上传mysql安装包并解压至/usr/local/

tar -xvf /opt/mysql-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C /usr/local

（3）进入/usr/local/，使用rpm安装mysql解压后的其中5个包（按照以下顺序安装）

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

（4）启动/关闭Mysql服务器

#启动mysql服务
systemctl start mysqld
#查看mysql服务状态
systemctl status mysqld
#关闭mysql服务
systemctl stop mysqld
#重启mysql服务
service mysqld restart

二、查看Mysql的原始密码并登录进入mysql

（1）查看原始密码

[root@hadoop ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2024-04-20T16:41:01.790879Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9m/O;xQbsfTk

（2）使用原始密码登录

[root@hadoop ~]# mysql -uroot -p'9m/O;xQbsfTk'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.26Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql>

（3）修改密码为Admin@123456

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin@123456';
ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin@123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

三、下载并安装Hive

Hive下载官网：Index of /dist/hive (apache.org)https://archive.apache.org/dist/hive/

MySQL Connector下载地址：

MySQL :: Download MySQL Connector/J (Archived Versions)https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/c-j/

（1）上传hive安装包到/opt目录，解压至/usr/local/

cd /opt
tar -zxvf apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

（2）添加环境变量

#打开系统环境变量配置文件
vim /etc/profile
#刷新一下配置文件
source /etc/profile

（3）解决日志Jar包冲突

Hive由日志slf4j配置，但是我们yarn也有，两者会冲突。将hive安装目录下的lib目录的日志文件名修改。

cd /usr/local/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/lib
mv log4j-slf4j-impl-2.10.0.jar log4j-slf4j-impl-2.10.0.jar.bak

四、将Hive元数据配置到MySQL

（1）将MySQL的JDBC驱动拷贝到Hive的lib目录下

MySQL Connector下载地址：

MySQL :: Download MySQL Connector/J (Archived Versions)https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/c-j/

（2）配置hive-site.xml

进入hive安装目录下的conf目录：cd /usr/local/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/conf

在hive/conf目录下新建hive-site.xml文件：vim hive-site.xml

<configuration><property>
<!--Mysql的连接协议--><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name><value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/metastore?useSSL=true</value></property><property><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name><value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value></property><property>
<!--mysql  数据库账号--><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name><value>root</value></property><property>
<!--mysql  数据库密码--><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name><value>Admin@123456</value></property><property>
<!-- Hive 存储路径（hdfs路径）--><name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name><value>/user/hive/warehouse</value></property><property>
<!-- Hive 元数据存储版本的验证 --><name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name><value>false</value></property><property>
<!-- Hive jdbc连接端口：10000 --><name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name><value>10000</value></property>
<!-- Hive 连接的主机 --><property><name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name><value>localhost</value></property>
<!--元数据存储授权--><property><name>hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth</name><value>false</value></property><!-- 后两个是配置hive提示显示当前数据库名 --><property><name>hive.cli.print.header</name><value>true</value></property><property><name>hive.cli.print.current.db</name><value>true</value></property>
<!-- 将hive可以设置成本地模式来执行任务，不然会namenode内存空间不够，jvm不够新job启动导致。 --><property>  <name>hive.exec.mode.local.auto</name>  <value>true</value>  </property>
</configuration>

五、启动Hive

启动Hive之前，一定要先启动Hadoop集群。

（1）初始化客户端(进入mysql，新建Hive元数据库)

[root@hadoop conf]# mysql -uroot -p'Admin@123456'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.26 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> create database metastore;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)mysql> exit;
Bye
[root@hadoop conf]#