原话如下：

How to Build the QMYSQL Plugin on Unix and macOS？

You need the MySQL / MariaDB header files, as well as the shared
library libmysqlclient.so / libmariadb.so. Depending on your Linux
distribution, you may need to install a package which is usually
called “mysql-devel” or “mariadb-devel”.

Tell qmake where to find
the MySQL / MariaDB header files and shared libraries (here it is
assumed that MySQL / MariaDB is installed in /usr/local) and run
make:

eg:

mkdir build-sqldrivers
cd build-sqldrivers
qt-cmake -G Ninja <qt_source_directory>/qtbase/src/plugins/sqldrivers -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=<qt_installation_path>/<platform> -DMySQL_INCLUDE_DIR="/usr/local/mysql/include" -DMySQL_LIBRARY="/usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.<so|dylib>"
cmake --build .
cmake --install .

难点：

• 过往有简单的Cmake经验，通常是配置Cmakelists文件：我之前配置Cmake的心得，在这里没能完全理解文档的意思

• 开始思路不清晰，不确定是整体库缺失，需要安装mysql-devel，还是单纯缺失libmysqlclient，需要单独下载。

最终的方法（实测没问题）：

1. 安装命令：sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev

2. 配置文件（主要标注的是需要改动的部分，其余内容不要修改）：

   mysql.pro:

   #QMAKE_USE += mysql
   

   qsqldriverbase.pri:

   QT  = core core-private sql-private#include($$shadowed($$PWD)/qtsqldrivers-config.pri)
   include($$shadowed($$PWD)/configure.pri)PLUGIN_TYPE = sqldrivers
   load(qt_plugin)DEFINES += QT_NO_CAST_TO_ASCII QT_NO_CAST_FROM_ASCII
   

   3、make生成动态库：libqsqlpsql.so

   4、拷贝移动到Qt的数据库驱动：sqldrivers中即可
   效果图如下：
   
   
   最终验证也是实现了想要的效果：