65_索引管理_定制化自己的dynamic mapping策略

课程大纲

1、定制dynamic策略

true：遇到陌生字段，就进行dynamic mapping
false：遇到陌生字段，就忽略
strict：遇到陌生字段，就报错

PUT /my_index
{
"mappings": {
"my_type": {
"dynamic": "strict",
"properties": {
"title": {
"type": "text"
},
"address": {
"type": "object",
"dynamic": "true"
}
}
}
}
}

PUT /my_index/my_type/1
{
"title": "my article",
"content": "this is my article",
"address": {
"province": "guangdong",
"city": "guangzhou"
}
}

{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "strict_dynamic_mapping_exception",
"reason": "mapping set to strict, dynamic introduction of [content] within [my_type] is not allowed"
}
],
"type": "strict_dynamic_mapping_exception",
"reason": "mapping set to strict, dynamic introduction of [content] within [my_type] is not allowed"
},
"status": 400
}

PUT /my_index/my_type/1
{
"title": "my article",
"address": {
"province": "guangdong",
"city": "guangzhou"
}
}

GET /my_index/_mapping/my_type

{
"my_index": {
"mappings": {
"my_type": {
"dynamic": "strict",
"properties": {
"address": {
"dynamic": "true",
"properties": {
"city": {
"type": "text",
"fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword",
"ignore_above": 256
}
}
},
"province": {
"type": "text",
"fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword",
"ignore_above": 256
}
}
}
}
},
"title": {
"type": "text"
}
}
}
}
}
}

2、定制dynamic mapping策略

（1）date_detection

默认会按照一定格式识别date，比如yyyy-MM-dd。但是如果某个field先过来一个2017-01-01的值，就会被自动dynamic mapping成date，后面如果再来一个"hello world"之类的值，就会报错。可以手动关闭某个type的date_detection，如果有需要，自己手动指定某个field为date类型。

PUT /my_index/_mapping/my_type
{
"date_detection": false
}

（2）定制自己的dynamic mapping template（type level）

PUT /my_index
{
"mappings": {
"my_type": {
"dynamic_templates": [
{ "en": {
"match": "*_en",
"match_mapping_type": "string",
"mapping": {
"type": "string",
"analyzer": "english"
}
}}
]
}}}

PUT /my_index/my_type/1
{
"title": "this is my first article"
}

PUT /my_index/my_type/2
{
"title_en": "this is my first article"
}

title没有匹配到任何的dynamic模板，默认就是standard分词器，不会过滤停用词，is会进入倒排索引，用is来搜索是可以搜索到的
title_en匹配到了dynamic模板，就是english分词器，会过滤停用词，is这种停用词就会被过滤掉，用is来搜索就搜索不到了

（3）定制自己的default mapping template（index level）

PUT /my_index
{
"mappings": {
"default": {
"_all": { "enabled": false }
},
"blog": {
"_all": { "enabled": true }
}
}
}