Windows DXGI 方式屏幕捕获实现
主要步骤
graph TBA[D3D11CreateDevice] --> B[ID3D11Device]A[D3D11CreateDevice] --> C[ID3D11DeviceContext]B -.QueryInterface.-> D[IDXGIDevice]B -.GetParent.-> E[IDXGIAdapter]E -.EnumOutputs.-> F[IDXGIOutput]F -.QueryInterface.-> G[IDXGIOutput1]G -.DuplicateOutput.-> H[IDXGIOutputDuplication]H -.AcquireNextFrame.-> I[IDXGIResource]H -.AcquireNextFrame.-> J[DXGI_OUTDUPL_FRAME_INFO]J --> K[Release/ReleaseFrame]H -.GetDesc.-> L[DXGI_OUTDUPL_DESC]L -.设置width/height.-> M[D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC]M -.CreateTexture2D.-> N[ID3D11Texture2D]B -.CreateTexture2D.-> N[ID3D11Texture2D]N -.后续包括将GPU数据拷贝到CPU,绘制鼠标等操作.-> O[Release/ReleaseFrame]
绘制鼠标
- 方式1：使用 GDI 绘制鼠标
IDXGISurface1 对象可通过IDXGISurface QueryInterface 获取.
void DrawMouseCursor(IDXGISurface1 *p_DXGISurface1) {CURSORINFO cursorInfo = {sizeof(CURSORINFO)};ICONINFO iconInfo;bool isDraw = true;HDC hdc;cursorInfo.cbSize = sizeof(cursorInfo);p_DXGISurface1->GetDC(FALSE, &hdc);if (!GetCursorInfo(&cursorInfo)) {std::wcout << L"GetCursorInfo failed" << std::endl;}if (!(cursorInfo.flags & CURSOR_SHOWING)) {std::wcout << L"Cursor is not showing" << std::endl;}if (!GetIconInfo(cursorInfo.hCursor, &iconInfo)) {std::wcout << L"GetIconInfo failed" << std::endl;}if (!hdc || !cursorInfo.hCursor) {std::wcout << L"Failed to get bitmap" << std::endl;}if (cursorInfo.flags == CURSOR_SHOWING) {isDraw =DrawIconEx(hdc, cursorInfo.ptScreenPos.x, cursorInfo.ptScreenPos.y,cursorInfo.hCursor, 0, 0, 0, 0, DI_NORMAL | DI_DEFAULTSIZE);if (!isDraw) {DWORD error = GetLastError();std::cerr << "DrawIconEx failed with error: " << error << std::endl;}DeleteObject(iconInfo.hbmColor);DeleteObject(iconInfo.hbmMask);}p_DXGISurface1->ReleaseDC(NULL);
}- 方式2：手动绘制鼠标
参考微软官方示例：Windows-classic-samples
主要代码如下：
DUPL_RETURN OUTPUTMANAGER::ProcessMonoMask(bool IsMono, _Inout_ PTR_INFO* PtrInfo, _Out_ INT* PtrWidth, _Out_ INT* PtrHeight, _Out_ INT* PtrLeft, _Out_ INT* PtrTop, _Outptr_result_bytebuffer_(*PtrHeight * *PtrWidth * BPP) BYTE** InitBuffer, _Out_ D3D11_BOX* Box)
{// Desktop dimensionsD3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC FullDesc;m_SharedSurf->GetDesc(&FullDesc);INT DesktopWidth = FullDesc.Width;INT DesktopHeight = FullDesc.Height;// Pointer positionINT GivenLeft = PtrInfo->Position.x;INT GivenTop = PtrInfo->Position.y;// Figure out if any adjustment is needed for out of bound positionsif (GivenLeft < 0){*PtrWidth = GivenLeft + static_cast<INT>(PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Width);}else if ((GivenLeft + static_cast<INT>(PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Width)) > DesktopWidth){*PtrWidth = DesktopWidth - GivenLeft;}else{*PtrWidth = static_cast<INT>(PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Width);}if (IsMono){PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Height = PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Height / 2;}if (GivenTop < 0){*PtrHeight = GivenTop + static_cast<INT>(PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Height);}else if ((GivenTop + static_cast<INT>(PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Height)) > DesktopHeight){*PtrHeight = DesktopHeight - GivenTop;}else{*PtrHeight = static_cast<INT>(PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Height);}if (IsMono){PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Height = PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Height * 2;}*PtrLeft = (GivenLeft < 0) ? 0 : GivenLeft;*PtrTop = (GivenTop < 0) ? 0 : GivenTop;// Staging buffer/textureD3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC CopyBufferDesc;CopyBufferDesc.Width = *PtrWidth;CopyBufferDesc.Height = *PtrHeight;CopyBufferDesc.MipLevels = 1;CopyBufferDesc.ArraySize = 1;CopyBufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;CopyBufferDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1;CopyBufferDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;CopyBufferDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_STAGING;CopyBufferDesc.BindFlags = 0;CopyBufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_READ;CopyBufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0;ID3D11Texture2D* CopyBuffer = nullptr;HRESULT hr = m_Device->CreateTexture2D(&CopyBufferDesc, nullptr, &CopyBuffer);if (FAILED(hr)){return ProcessFailure(m_Device, L"Failed creating staging texture for pointer", L"Error", hr, SystemTransitionsExpectedErrors);}// Copy needed part of desktop imageBox->left = *PtrLeft;Box->top = *PtrTop;Box->right = *PtrLeft + *PtrWidth;Box->bottom = *PtrTop + *PtrHeight;m_DeviceContext->CopySubresourceRegion(CopyBuffer, 0, 0, 0, 0, m_SharedSurf, 0, Box);// QI for IDXGISurfaceIDXGISurface* CopySurface = nullptr;hr = CopyBuffer->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGISurface), (void **)&CopySurface);CopyBuffer->Release();CopyBuffer = nullptr;if (FAILED(hr)){return ProcessFailure(nullptr, L"Failed to QI staging texture into IDXGISurface for pointer", L"Error", hr, SystemTransitionsExpectedErrors);}// Map pixelsDXGI_MAPPED_RECT MappedSurface;hr = CopySurface->Map(&MappedSurface, DXGI_MAP_READ);if (FAILED(hr)){CopySurface->Release();CopySurface = nullptr;return ProcessFailure(m_Device, L"Failed to map surface for pointer", L"Error", hr, SystemTransitionsExpectedErrors);}// New mouseshape buffer*InitBuffer = new (std::nothrow) BYTE[*PtrWidth * *PtrHeight * BPP];if (!(*InitBuffer)){return ProcessFailure(nullptr, L"Failed to allocate memory for new mouse shape buffer.", L"Error", E_OUTOFMEMORY);}UINT* InitBuffer32 = reinterpret_cast<UINT*>(*InitBuffer);UINT* Desktop32 = reinterpret_cast<UINT*>(MappedSurface.pBits);UINT DesktopPitchInPixels = MappedSurface.Pitch / sizeof(UINT);// What to skip (pixel offset)UINT SkipX = (GivenLeft < 0) ? (-1 * GivenLeft) : (0);UINT SkipY = (GivenTop < 0) ? (-1 * GivenTop) : (0);if (IsMono){for (INT Row = 0; Row < *PtrHeight; ++Row){// Set maskBYTE Mask = 0x80;Mask = Mask >> (SkipX % 8);for (INT Col = 0; Col < *PtrWidth; ++Col){// Get masks using appropriate offsetsBYTE AndMask = PtrInfo->PtrShapeBuffer[((Col + SkipX) / 8) + ((Row + SkipY) * (PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Pitch))] & Mask;BYTE XorMask = PtrInfo->PtrShapeBuffer[((Col + SkipX) / 8) + ((Row + SkipY + (PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Height / 2)) * (PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Pitch))] & Mask;UINT AndMask32 = (AndMask) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : 0xFF000000;UINT XorMask32 = (XorMask) ? 0x00FFFFFF : 0x00000000;// Set new pixelInitBuffer32[(Row * *PtrWidth) + Col] = (Desktop32[(Row * DesktopPitchInPixels) + Col] & AndMask32) ^ XorMask32;// Adjust maskif (Mask == 0x01){Mask = 0x80;}else{Mask = Mask >> 1;}}}}else{UINT* Buffer32 = reinterpret_cast<UINT*>(PtrInfo->PtrShapeBuffer);// Iterate through pixelsfor (INT Row = 0; Row < *PtrHeight; ++Row){for (INT Col = 0; Col < *PtrWidth; ++Col){// Set up maskUINT MaskVal = 0xFF000000 & Buffer32[(Col + SkipX) + ((Row + SkipY) * (PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Pitch / sizeof(UINT)))];if (MaskVal){// Mask was 0xFFInitBuffer32[(Row * *PtrWidth) + Col] = (Desktop32[(Row * DesktopPitchInPixels) + Col] ^ Buffer32[(Col + SkipX) + ((Row + SkipY) * (PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Pitch / sizeof(UINT)))]) | 0xFF000000;}else{// Mask was 0x00InitBuffer32[(Row * *PtrWidth) + Col] = Buffer32[(Col + SkipX) + ((Row + SkipY) * (PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Pitch / sizeof(UINT)))] | 0xFF000000;}}}}// Done with resourcehr = CopySurface->Unmap();CopySurface->Release();CopySurface = nullptr;if (FAILED(hr)){return ProcessFailure(m_Device, L"Failed to unmap surface for pointer", L"Error", hr, SystemTransitionsExpectedErrors);}return DUPL_RETURN_SUCCESS;
}//
// Draw mouse provided in buffer to backbuffer
//
DUPL_RETURN OUTPUTMANAGER::DrawMouse(_In_ PTR_INFO* PtrInfo)
{// Vars to be usedID3D11Texture2D* MouseTex = nullptr;ID3D11ShaderResourceView* ShaderRes = nullptr;ID3D11Buffer* VertexBufferMouse = nullptr;D3D11_SUBRESOURCE_DATA InitData;D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC Desc;D3D11_SHADER_RESOURCE_VIEW_DESC SDesc;// Position will be changed based on mouse positionVERTEX Vertices[NUMVERTICES] ={{XMFLOAT3(-1.0f, -1.0f, 0), XMFLOAT2(0.0f, 1.0f)},{XMFLOAT3(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0), XMFLOAT2(0.0f, 0.0f)},{XMFLOAT3(1.0f, -1.0f, 0), XMFLOAT2(1.0f, 1.0f)},{XMFLOAT3(1.0f, -1.0f, 0), XMFLOAT2(1.0f, 1.0f)},{XMFLOAT3(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0), XMFLOAT2(0.0f, 0.0f)},{XMFLOAT3(1.0f, 1.0f, 0), XMFLOAT2(1.0f, 0.0f)},};D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC FullDesc;m_SharedSurf->GetDesc(&FullDesc);INT DesktopWidth = FullDesc.Width;INT DesktopHeight = FullDesc.Height;// Center of desktop dimensionsINT CenterX = (DesktopWidth / 2);INT CenterY = (DesktopHeight / 2);// Clipping adjusted coordinates / dimensionsINT PtrWidth = 0;INT PtrHeight = 0;INT PtrLeft = 0;INT PtrTop = 0;// Buffer used if necessary (in case of monochrome or masked pointer)BYTE* InitBuffer = nullptr;// Used for copying pixelsD3D11_BOX Box;Box.front = 0;Box.back = 1;Desc.MipLevels = 1;Desc.ArraySize = 1;Desc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;Desc.SampleDesc.Count = 1;Desc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;Desc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;Desc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE;Desc.CPUAccessFlags = 0;Desc.MiscFlags = 0;// Set shader resource propertiesSDesc.Format = Desc.Format;SDesc.ViewDimension = D3D11_SRV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D;SDesc.Texture2D.MostDetailedMip = Desc.MipLevels - 1;SDesc.Texture2D.MipLevels = Desc.MipLevels;switch (PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Type){case DXGI_OUTDUPL_POINTER_SHAPE_TYPE_COLOR:{PtrLeft = PtrInfo->Position.x;PtrTop = PtrInfo->Position.y;PtrWidth = static_cast<INT>(PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Width);PtrHeight = static_cast<INT>(PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Height);break;}case DXGI_OUTDUPL_POINTER_SHAPE_TYPE_MONOCHROME:{ProcessMonoMask(true, PtrInfo, &PtrWidth, &PtrHeight, &PtrLeft, &PtrTop, &InitBuffer, &Box);break;}case DXGI_OUTDUPL_POINTER_SHAPE_TYPE_MASKED_COLOR:{ProcessMonoMask(false, PtrInfo, &PtrWidth, &PtrHeight, &PtrLeft, &PtrTop, &InitBuffer, &Box);break;}default:break;}// VERTEX creationVertices[0].Pos.x = (PtrLeft - CenterX) / (FLOAT)CenterX;Vertices[0].Pos.y = -1 * ((PtrTop + PtrHeight) - CenterY) / (FLOAT)CenterY;Vertices[1].Pos.x = (PtrLeft - CenterX) / (FLOAT)CenterX;Vertices[1].Pos.y = -1 * (PtrTop - CenterY) / (FLOAT)CenterY;Vertices[2].Pos.x = ((PtrLeft + PtrWidth) - CenterX) / (FLOAT)CenterX;Vertices[2].Pos.y = -1 * ((PtrTop + PtrHeight) - CenterY) / (FLOAT)CenterY;Vertices[3].Pos.x = Vertices[2].Pos.x;Vertices[3].Pos.y = Vertices[2].Pos.y;Vertices[4].Pos.x = Vertices[1].Pos.x;Vertices[4].Pos.y = Vertices[1].Pos.y;Vertices[5].Pos.x = ((PtrLeft + PtrWidth) - CenterX) / (FLOAT)CenterX;Vertices[5].Pos.y = -1 * (PtrTop - CenterY) / (FLOAT)CenterY;// Set texture propertiesDesc.Width = PtrWidth;Desc.Height = PtrHeight;// Set up init dataInitData.pSysMem = (PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Type == DXGI_OUTDUPL_POINTER_SHAPE_TYPE_COLOR) ? PtrInfo->PtrShapeBuffer : InitBuffer;InitData.SysMemPitch = (PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Type == DXGI_OUTDUPL_POINTER_SHAPE_TYPE_COLOR) ? PtrInfo->ShapeInfo.Pitch : PtrWidth * BPP;InitData.SysMemSlicePitch = 0;// Create mouseshape as textureHRESULT hr = m_Device->CreateTexture2D(&Desc, &InitData, &MouseTex);if (FAILED(hr)){return ProcessFailure(m_Device, L"Failed to create mouse pointer texture", L"Error", hr, SystemTransitionsExpectedErrors);}// Create shader resource from texturehr = m_Device->CreateShaderResourceView(MouseTex, &SDesc, &ShaderRes);if (FAILED(hr)){MouseTex->Release();MouseTex = nullptr;return ProcessFailure(m_Device, L"Failed to create shader resource from mouse pointer texture", L"Error", hr, SystemTransitionsExpectedErrors);}D3D11_BUFFER_DESC BDesc;ZeroMemory(&BDesc, sizeof(D3D11_BUFFER_DESC));BDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;BDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(VERTEX) * NUMVERTICES;BDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_VERTEX_BUFFER;BDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0;ZeroMemory(&InitData, sizeof(D3D11_SUBRESOURCE_DATA));InitData.pSysMem = Vertices;// Create vertex bufferhr = m_Device->CreateBuffer(&BDesc, &InitData, &VertexBufferMouse);if (FAILED(hr)){ShaderRes->Release();ShaderRes = nullptr;MouseTex->Release();MouseTex = nullptr;return ProcessFailure(m_Device, L"Failed to create mouse pointer vertex buffer in OutputManager", L"Error", hr, SystemTransitionsExpectedErrors);}// Set resourcesFLOAT BlendFactor[4] = {0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f};UINT Stride = sizeof(VERTEX);UINT Offset = 0;m_DeviceContext->IASetVertexBuffers(0, 1, &VertexBufferMouse, &Stride, &Offset);m_DeviceContext->OMSetBlendState(m_BlendState, BlendFactor, 0xFFFFFFFF);m_DeviceContext->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &m_RTV, nullptr);m_DeviceContext->VSSetShader(m_VertexShader, nullptr, 0);m_DeviceContext->PSSetShader(m_PixelShader, nullptr, 0);m_DeviceContext->PSSetShaderResources(0, 1, &ShaderRes);m_DeviceContext->PSSetSamplers(0, 1, &m_SamplerLinear);// Drawm_DeviceContext->Draw(NUMVERTICES, 0);// Cleanif (VertexBufferMouse){VertexBufferMouse->Release();VertexBufferMouse = nullptr;}if (ShaderRes){ShaderRes->Release();ShaderRes = nullptr;}if (MouseTex){MouseTex->Release();MouseTex = nullptr;}if (InitBuffer){delete [] InitBuffer;InitBuffer = nullptr;}return DUPL_RETURN_SUCCESS;
}
完整代码示例
#include <Windows.h>
#include <d3d11.h>
#include <d3d12.h>
#include <dxgi1_2.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <windef.h>
#include <wingdi.h>#define PRINT_ERR(msg, hr) \std::cerr << msg << " failed with error code " << hr << std::endl;#pragma comment(lib, "D3D11.lib")const D3D_DRIVER_TYPE driverTypes[] = {D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE, D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_WARP, D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_REFERENCE};const D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL featureLevels[] = {D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0, D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_1, D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_0,D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_1};bool GetMouseInfo(CURSORINFO &cursorInfo, ICONINFO &iconInfo) {cursorInfo.cbSize = sizeof(cursorInfo);if (!GetCursorInfo(&cursorInfo)) {std::wcout << L"GetCursorInfo failed" << std::endl;return false;}if (!(cursorInfo.flags & CURSOR_SHOWING)) {std::wcout << L"Cursor is not showing" << std::endl;return false;}if (!GetIconInfo(cursorInfo.hCursor, &iconInfo)) {std::wcout << L"GetIconInfo failed" << std::endl;return false;}return true;
}void DrawMouseCursor(IDXGISurface1 *p_DXGISurface1) {CURSORINFO cursorInfo = {sizeof(CURSORINFO)};ICONINFO iconInfo;bool isDraw = true;HDC hdc;cursorInfo.cbSize = sizeof(cursorInfo);p_DXGISurface1->GetDC(FALSE, &hdc);if (!GetCursorInfo(&cursorInfo)) {std::wcout << L"GetCursorInfo failed" << std::endl;}if (!(cursorInfo.flags & CURSOR_SHOWING)) {std::wcout << L"Cursor is not showing" << std::endl;}if (!GetIconInfo(cursorInfo.hCursor, &iconInfo)) {std::wcout << L"GetIconInfo failed" << std::endl;}if (!hdc || !cursorInfo.hCursor) {std::wcout << L"Failed to get bitmap" << std::endl;}if (cursorInfo.flags == CURSOR_SHOWING) {isDraw =DrawIconEx(hdc, cursorInfo.ptScreenPos.x, cursorInfo.ptScreenPos.y,cursorInfo.hCursor, 0, 0, 0, 0, DI_NORMAL | DI_DEFAULTSIZE);if (!isDraw) {DWORD error = GetLastError();std::cerr << "DrawIconEx failed with error: " << error << std::endl;}DeleteObject(iconInfo.hbmColor);DeleteObject(iconInfo.hbmMask);}p_DXGISurface1->ReleaseDC(NULL);
}void DrawMouseCursor(ID3D11DeviceContext *g_pImmediateContext,ID3D11Device *g_pd3dDevice,D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE mappedResource) {CURSORINFO cursorInfo;ICONINFO iconInfo;HDC hdc = CreateCompatibleDC(NULL);if (!GetMouseInfo(cursorInfo, iconInfo)) {std::wcout << L"Failed to get mouse info" << std::endl;return;}HBITMAP hBitmap = iconInfo.hbmColor ? iconInfo.hbmColor : iconInfo.hbmMask;if (!hBitmap) {std::wcout << L"Failed to get bitmap" << std::endl;return;}SelectObject(hdc, hBitmap);BITMAP bitmap;GetObject(hBitmap, sizeof(BITMAP), &bitmap);BITMAPINFO bmi = {0};bmi.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);bmi.bmiHeader.biWidth = bitmap.bmWidth;bmi.bmiHeader.biHeight = bitmap.bmHeight;bmi.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;bmi.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 32;bmi.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;
}void RGBDataSaveAsBmpFile(const char *bmpFile, unsigned char *pRgbData,int width, int height, int biBitCount,bool flipVertical) {int size = 0;int bitsPerPixel = 3;if (biBitCount == 24) {bitsPerPixel = 3;size = width * height * bitsPerPixel * sizeof(char);} else if (biBitCount == 32) {bitsPerPixel = 4;size = width * height * bitsPerPixel * sizeof(char);} elsereturn;BITMAPFILEHEADER bfh;bfh.bfType = (WORD)0x4d42;bfh.bfOffBits = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);bfh.bfSize = size + bfh.bfOffBits;bfh.bfReserved1 = 0;bfh.bfReserved2 = 0;BITMAPINFOHEADER bih;bih.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);bih.biWidth = width;if (flipVertical)bih.biHeight = -height;elsebih.biHeight = height;bih.biPlanes = 1;bih.biBitCount = biBitCount;bih.biCompression = BI_RGB;bih.biSizeImage = size;bih.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;bih.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;bih.biClrUsed = 0;bih.biClrImportant = 0;FILE *fp = NULL;fopen_s(&fp, bmpFile, "wb");if (!fp)return;fwrite(&bfh, sizeof(bfh), 1, fp);// fwrite(&bfh, 8, 1, fp);// fwrite(&bfh.bfReserved2, sizeof(bfh.bfReserved2), 1, fp);// fwrite(&bfh.bfOffBits, sizeof(bfh.bfOffBits), 1, fp);fwrite(&bih, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1, fp);fwrite(pRgbData, size, 1, fp);fclose(fp);
}void PrintHResultError(HRESULT hr) {LPVOID lpMsgBuf;DWORD dwFlags = FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM |FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS;FormatMessage(dwFlags, NULL, hr, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),(LPTSTR)&lpMsgBuf, 0, NULL);std::wcout << L"Error: " << (LPTSTR)lpMsgBuf << std::endl;LocalFree(lpMsgBuf);
}struct ScreenCapture {ID3D11Device *p_pd3dDevice;ID3D11DeviceContext *p_pImmediateContext;D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL featureLevel;IDXGIOutputDuplication *p_dxgiOutputDuplication;IDXGISurface1 *p_DesktopSurface1;IDXGIResource *p_DesktopResource;ID3D11Texture2D *p_ID3D11Texture2D;DXGI_OUTDUPL_FRAME_INFO frameInfo;D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC p_D3D11TextureDesc;HRESULT InitDevice() {HRESULT hr = S_OK;for (const auto &driverType : driverTypes) {hr = D3D11CreateDevice(nullptr, driverType, nullptr, 0, featureLevels,// ARRAYSIZE(featureLevels),static_cast<UINT>(std::size(featureLevels)),D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &p_pd3dDevice, &featureLevel,&p_pImmediateContext);if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {return hr;}}return hr;}HRESULTGetOutputDuplication(int monitorIndex) {IDXGIDevice *p_dxgiDevice = nullptr;IDXGIAdapter *p_DxgiAdapter = nullptr;HRESULT hr = S_OK;if (!p_pd3dDevice) {std::wcout << L"Failed to create device and context" << std::endl;return hr;}hr = p_pd3dDevice->QueryInterface(IID_PPV_ARGS(&p_dxgiDevice));if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_pd3dDevice->QueryInterface", hr);return hr;}hr = p_dxgiDevice->GetParent(IID_PPV_ARGS(&p_DxgiAdapter));if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_dxgiDevice->GetParent", hr);return hr;}IDXGIOutput *p_DxgiOutput = nullptr;hr = p_DxgiAdapter->EnumOutputs(monitorIndex, &p_DxgiOutput);if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_DxgiAdapter->EnumOutputs", hr);return hr;}IDXGIOutput1 *p_DxgiOutput1 = nullptr;hr = p_DxgiOutput->QueryInterface(IID_PPV_ARGS(&p_DxgiOutput1));if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_DxgiOutput->QueryInterface", hr);return hr;}hr = p_DxgiOutput1->DuplicateOutput(p_pd3dDevice, &p_dxgiOutputDuplication);if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_DxgiOutput1->DuplicateOutput", hr);return hr;}return hr;}HRESULT AcquiredDesktopImage() {HRESULT hr = S_OK;hr = p_dxgiOutputDuplication->AcquireNextFrame(1000, &frameInfo,&p_DesktopResource);if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_dxgiOutputDuplication->AcquireNextFrame", hr);return hr;} else if (frameInfo.LastPresentTime.QuadPart == 0) {p_DesktopResource->Release();p_dxgiOutputDuplication->ReleaseFrame();}hr = p_DesktopResource->QueryInterface(IID_PPV_ARGS(&p_DesktopResource));if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_DesktopResource->QueryInterface", hr);return hr;}hr = p_DesktopResource->QueryInterface(IID_PPV_ARGS(&p_ID3D11Texture2D));if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_DesktopResource->QueryInterface", hr);return hr;}return hr;}HRESULT CaptureDesktopImage(const char *bmpFilename) {DXGI_OUTDUPL_DESC p_dxgiOutputDuplicationDesc;ID3D11Texture2D *p_DesktopTexture = nullptr;ID3D11Texture2D *p_ID3DTexture2dGDI = nullptr;ID3D11Texture2D *p_ID3DTexture2dCPU = nullptr;HRESULT hr = S_OK;p_dxgiOutputDuplication->GetDesc(&p_dxgiOutputDuplicationDesc);p_D3D11TextureDesc.Width = p_dxgiOutputDuplicationDesc.ModeDesc.Width;p_D3D11TextureDesc.Height = p_dxgiOutputDuplicationDesc.ModeDesc.Height;p_D3D11TextureDesc.Format = p_dxgiOutputDuplicationDesc.ModeDesc.Format;p_D3D11TextureDesc.ArraySize = 1;p_D3D11TextureDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_RENDER_TARGET;p_D3D11TextureDesc.MiscFlags = D3D11_RESOURCE_MISC_GDI_COMPATIBLE;p_D3D11TextureDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1;p_D3D11TextureDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;p_D3D11TextureDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT;p_D3D11TextureDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0;p_D3D11TextureDesc.MipLevels = 1;hr = p_pd3dDevice->CreateTexture2D(&p_D3D11TextureDesc, nullptr,&p_ID3DTexture2dGDI);if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("g_pd3dDevice->CreateTexture2D", hr);return hr;}p_D3D11TextureDesc.BindFlags = 0;p_D3D11TextureDesc.MiscFlags = 0;p_D3D11TextureDesc.CPUAccessFlags =D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_READ | D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_WRITE;p_D3D11TextureDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_STAGING;hr = p_pd3dDevice->CreateTexture2D(&p_D3D11TextureDesc, nullptr,&p_ID3DTexture2dCPU);if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("g_pd3dDevice->CreateTexture2D", hr);return hr;}p_pImmediateContext->CopyResource(p_ID3DTexture2dGDI, p_ID3D11Texture2D);IDXGISurface1 *p_DesktopSurface1 = nullptr;hr = p_ID3DTexture2dGDI->QueryInterface(IID_PPV_ARGS(&p_DesktopSurface1));if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_DesktopResource->QueryInterface", hr);return hr;}if (!frameInfo.PointerPosition.Visible) {DrawMouseCursor(p_DesktopSurface1);}p_pImmediateContext->CopyResource(p_ID3DTexture2dCPU, p_ID3DTexture2dGDI);DXGI_MAPPED_RECT dxgiMappedRect;IDXGISurface *p_IDXGISurface = nullptr;hr = p_ID3DTexture2dCPU->QueryInterface(&p_IDXGISurface);if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_ID3DTexture2dCPU->QueryInterface", hr);return hr;}hr = p_IDXGISurface->Map(&dxgiMappedRect, DXGI_MAP_READ);if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_IDXGISurface->Map", hr);return hr;}RGBDataSaveAsBmpFile(bmpFilename, (unsigned char *)dxgiMappedRect.pBits,p_D3D11TextureDesc.Width, p_D3D11TextureDesc.Height,32, true);hr = p_IDXGISurface->Unmap();if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("p_IDXGISurface->Unmap", hr);return hr;}p_IDXGISurface->Release();p_DesktopSurface1->Release();p_ID3DTexture2dCPU->Release();p_ID3DTexture2dGDI->Release();p_DesktopResource->Release();p_dxgiOutputDuplication->ReleaseFrame();return hr;}
};HRESULT StartCapture() {ScreenCapture screenCapture;HRESULT hr = S_OK;hr = screenCapture.InitDevice();if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("InitDevice", hr);return hr;}hr = screenCapture.GetOutputDuplication(0);if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("GetOutputDuplication", hr);return hr;}for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {std::string bmpFilename = "../../";hr = screenCapture.AcquiredDesktopImage();if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("AcquiredDesktopImage", hr);return hr;}bmpFilename.append("screenshot");bmpFilename.append(std::to_string(i));bmpFilename.append(".bmp");hr = screenCapture.CaptureDesktopImage(bmpFilename.c_str());if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("CaptureDesktopImage", hr);return hr;}hr = screenCapture.AcquiredDesktopImage();if (FAILED(hr)) {PRINT_ERR("AcquiredDesktopImage", hr);return hr;}screenCapture.CaptureDesktopImage(bmpFilename.c_str());screenCapture.p_dxgiOutputDuplication->ReleaseFrame();}return hr;
}int main() { return StartCapture(); }
参考资料
- DiscreteTom/rusty-duplication: Capture the screen on Windows using the Desktop Duplication API in Rust, with shared memory support.
- win32 - 使用Desktop Duplication API复制桌面图像 - strive-sun - 博客园
- 捕捉屏幕的各种方法 - Dincat - 博客园
- screen-recorder
- Windows-classic-samples
- dxgi_outdupl_pointer_shape_type
