Python处理JSON数据，原有的JSON不支持别名，扩展一下
from dataclasses import asdict, is_dataclass
from enum import Enum
import json
from datetime import datetime
from typing import TypeVar, Type, Optional, Anyfrom model.ConstInfo import ConstInfoT = TypeVar('T')class JsonUtil:@staticmethoddef to_json(obj: object) -> Optional[str]:"""对象转JSON字符串:param obj:需要序列化的对象:return: JSON字符串（失败返回None）"""try:if hasattr(obj, 'to_dict'):data = obj.to_dict()else:data = obj.__dict__return json.dumps(data,default=JsonUtil._serialize,ensure_ascii=False)except Exception as e:print(e)return None@staticmethoddef parse_json(json_str: str, obj_type: Type[T]) -> Optional[T]:"""Json字符串解析:param json_str: Json字符串:param obj_type: 解析对象类型:return: 解析对象"""try:raw_data: dict[str, Any] = json.loads(json_str)if hasattr(obj_type, 'from_dict'):return obj_type.from_dict(raw_data)# 处理普通类init_data = {key.replace(' ', '_'): valuefor key, value in raw_data.items()}return obj_type(**init_data)except Exception as e:print(e)return None@staticmethoddef _serialize(o: Any) -> Any:"""自定义序列化逻辑"""# 处理datetimeif isinstance(o, datetime):return o.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')# 处理枚举类型if isinstance(o, Enum):return o.value# 处理dataclass对象if is_dataclass(o):return asdict(o)# 处理自定义to_dict方法的对象if hasattr(o, 'to_dict'):return o.to_dict()# 其他对象尝试使用 __dict__if hasattr(o, '__dict__'):return vars(o)# 兜底处理return str(o)
处理JSON映射：
from dataclasses import dataclass, asdict, fields, is_dataclass
from typing import Any, Dict, Type, get_args, get_type_hintsdef field_mapper(mapping: Dict[str, str]):def decorator(cls):# 序列化逻辑def to_dict(self):# 递归处理嵌套对象def _convert(value):if hasattr(value, 'to_dict'):return value.to_dict()elif isinstance(value, list):return [_convert(v) for v in value]elif isinstance(value, dict):return {k: _convert(v) for k, v in value.items()}else:return value# 获取原始数据并递归转换raw_data = {field.name: getattr(self, field.name)for field in fields(self)}converted_data = {k: _convert(v) for k, v in raw_data.items()}# 应用字段名映射return {mapping.get(k, k): v for k, v in converted_data.items()}"""这是一段字典推导式结构：{key_expression:value_expression for item in iterable}for k,v in data.items()：遍历字典mapping.get(k, k)：如果字典中存在k，则返回对应的值，否则返回k本身 """# 反序列化逻辑@classmethoddef from_dict(cls, data: Dict[str, Any]):reverse_mapping = {v: k for k, v in mapping.items()}remapped_data = {}for json_key, value in data.items():# 反向映射字段名cls_key = reverse_mapping.get(json_key, json_key)# 获取字段类型提示field_type = get_type_hints(cls).get(cls_key, Any)# 递归处理嵌套对象remapped_data[cls_key] = _convert_value(value, field_type)return cls(**remapped_data)def _convert_value(value: Any, target_type: Type):# 处理嵌套对象（如 RuleInfo）if is_dataclass(target_type) and hasattr(target_type, 'from_dict') and isinstance(value, dict):return target_type.from_dict(value)# 处理列表中的对象（如 List[RuleInfo]）elif isinstance(value, list):# 获取列表元素的类型（例如 List[RuleInfo] -> RuleInfo）item_type = get_args(target_type)[0] if get_args(target_type) else Anyreturn [_convert_value(item, item_type) for item in value]# 其他类型直接返回else:return valuecls.to_dict = to_dictcls.from_dict = from_dictreturn clsreturn decorator
