螺旋矩阵
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
void display(std::vector<std::vector<int>>&nums){for(int i = 0; i < nums.size(); ++i){for(int j = 0; j < nums[0].size(); ++j){std::cout<<nums[i][j]<<' ';}std::cout<<std::endl;}
}
void Process(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, std::vector<std::vector<int>>&nums){if(x1 == x2){while (y1 <= y2){std::cout<<nums[x1][y1++]<<' ';} } else if(y1 == y2){while (x1 <= x2){std::cout<<nums[x1++][y1]<<' ';} }else{for(int i = y1; i <= y2; ++i){std::cout<<nums[x1][i]<<' ';}for(int i = x1 + 1; i <= x2; ++i){std::cout<<nums[i][y2]<<' ';}for(int i = y2 - 1; i >= y1; --i){std::cout<<nums[x2][i]<<' ';}for(int i = x2 - 1; i > x1; --i){std::cout<<nums[i][y1]<<' ';}}
}
int main(){std::vector<std::vector<int>>nums;int n = 6;int m = 6;nums.resize(n);int num = 1;for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){std::vector<int>tmp(m, 0);for(int j = 0; j < m; ++j){tmp[j] = num++;}nums[i] = tmp;}display(nums);// 矩阵类型的题目可以枚举一些特殊的点来做左上角点和右下角点, 然后在往内部收缩int x1 = 0, y1 = 0, x2 = n-1, y2 = m-1;while (x1 <= x2){Process(x1, y1, x2, y2, nums);++x1;++y1;--x2;--y2;}std::getchar();}
旋转矩阵
类似于这个螺旋矩阵我们也是在每次处理最外层的矩形，然后往内收缩。
对于一个矩形我们选取四个点依次进行交换即可
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
void display(std::vector<std::vector<int>>&nums){for(int i = 0; i < nums.size(); ++i){for(int j = 0; j < nums[0].size(); ++j){std::cout<<nums[i][j]<<' ';}std::cout<<std::endl;}
}
void Process(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, std::vector<std::vector<int>>&nums){if(x1 == x2){while (y1 <= y2){std::cout<<nums[x1][y1++]<<' ';} } else if(y1 == y2){while (x1 <= x2){std::cout<<nums[x1++][y1]<<' ';} }else{for(int i = y1; i <= y2; ++i){std::cout<<nums[x1][i]<<' ';}for(int i = x1 + 1; i <= x2; ++i){std::cout<<nums[i][y2]<<' ';}for(int i = y2 - 1; i >= y1; --i){std::cout<<nums[x2][i]<<' ';}for(int i = x2 - 1; i > x1; --i){std::cout<<nums[i][y1]<<' ';}}
}
int main(){std::vector<std::vector<int>>nums;int n = 4;int m = 4;nums.resize(n);int num = 1;for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){std::vector<int>tmp(m, 0);for(int j = 0; j < m; ++j){tmp[j] = num++;}nums[i] = tmp;}display(nums);// 枚举矩阵的四个点把最外圈的给调整好再往内圈收缩int x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4;int count = 0;while(count < n -2){x1 = count, y1 = count;x2 = count, y2 = n - 1 - count;x3 = n - 1 - count, y3 = count;x4 = n - 1 - count, y4 = n - 1 - count;while(y1 < y2 && x2 < x4 && y4 > y3 && x3 > x1){std::swap(nums[x1][y1], nums[x2][y2]);std::swap(nums[x1][y1], nums[x4][y4]);std::swap(nums[x1][y1], nums[x3][y3]);++y1;++x2;--y4;--x3;}++count;}display(nums);std::getchar();}
矩阵Z字打印
也是和螺旋矩阵类似选取两个点进行循环
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
void display(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, std::vector<std::string>&strs){if(x1 < x2){while ( x1 <= x2 ){std::cout<<strs[x1++][y1--]<<' ';}std::cout<<std::endl; } else{while ( x1 >= x2 ){std::cout<<strs[x1--][y1++]<<' ';}std::cout<<std::endl; }
}
int main(){std::vector<std::string>strs = {"abcd", "efgh", "jklh"};int n = strs.size();int m = strs[0].size();int x1 = 0, y1 = 0;int x2 = 0, y2 = 0;int num = 0;while(x1 < n){if(num % 2 == 0){display(x1, y1, x2, y2, strs);} else{display(x2, y2, x1, y1, strs);}if(y1 < m - 1){y1++;}else{x1++;}if(x2 < n - 1){x2++;}else{y2++;}num++;} std::getchar();}
