设计模式_状态模式-编程知识

设计模式_状态模式

状态模式

介绍

设计模式	定义	案例	问题堆积在哪里	解决办法
状态模式	一个对象状态可以发生改变不同的状态又有不同的行为逻辑	游戏角色加载不同的技能每个技能有不同的：攻击逻辑攻击范围动作等等	1 状态很多 2 每个状态有自己的属性和逻辑	每种状态单独写一个类角色需要那个状态就加载哪一个

类图

角色：

stateBase 抽象状态

stateA 具体状态A

stateB 具体状态B

stateC 具体状态C

FactoryState 状态工厂

代码

RoleContext

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class RoleContext
{string name;StateBase currentState = null;public RoleContext(){name = "独孤求败";}// 展示动作public void ShowAction(){if (null != currentState){currentState.Action();}}// 切换状态public void ChangeActionState(StateBase newState){currentState = newState;}
}

StateBase


public abstract class StateBase
{public abstract void Action();
}

StateA

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class StateA : StateBase
{string name = "普攻";public override void Action(){Debug.Log("释放-" + name);}
}

StateB

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class StateB : StateBase
{string name = "次元斩";public override void Action(){Debug.Log("释放-" + name);}
}

StateC

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class StateC:StateBase
{string name = "升龙击";public override void Action(){Debug.Log("释放-" + name);}
}

FactoryState

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class FactoryState
{// 单例static FactoryState  self = null;FactoryState() { }public static  FactoryState Instance(){if (null == self)self = new FactoryState();return self;}Dictionary<string, StateBase> dic = new Dictionary<string, StateBase>();// 获取实例public StateBase GetStateIns(string className){StateBase ins = null;switch (className){case "StateA":{if (false == dic.ContainsKey(className))ins = new StateA();elseins = dic[className];}break;case "StateB":{if (false == dic.ContainsKey(className))ins = new StateB();elseins = dic[className];}break;case "StateC":{if (false == dic.ContainsKey(className))ins = new StateC();elseins = dic[className];}break;default:Debug.Log("未发现该类！");break;}return ins;}
}

测试代码

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class TestZT : MonoBehaviour
{void Start(){RoleContext role = new RoleContext();// 切换技能Arole.ChangeActionState(FactoryState.Instance().GetStateIns("StateA"));role.ShowAction();// 切换技能Brole.ChangeActionState(FactoryState.Instance().GetStateIns("StateB"));role.ShowAction();// 切换技能Crole.ChangeActionState(FactoryState.Instance().GetStateIns("StateC"));role.ShowAction();}}