Nignx及负载均衡动静分离-编程知识

一.Nginx负载均衡

1.1.下载

1.2.安装

1.3.负载均衡

二.前端部署

2.1. 准备工作

2.2.部署

好啦今天就到这里了哦！！！希望能帮到你哦！！！

一.Nginx负载均衡

1.1.下载

输入命令 : cd javaCloudJun/software 进入到资源文件目录

安装 Nginx 的4个依赖

输入命令 : yum -y install gcc zlib zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel

输入命令 : tar -xvf nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz ( 解压 Nginx)

解压后进入其文件

命令 : cd nginx-1.13.7

编译，执行配置: 考虑到后续安装ssl证书添加两个模块

命令 : ./configure --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

1.2.安装

之后进行安装

命令 : make && make install

安装完后，进入该目录

输入命令 :  cd /usr/local/nginx

进入 /usr/local/nginx/sbin 目录下启动：

输入命令 :  cd sbin/

启动前安装 lsof 命令

输入命令 :  yum install -y lsof

设置防火墙开放 80 端口

输入命令 : firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent

更新防火墙的端口并且查看已开放的端口

输入命令 : firewall-cmd --reload && firewall-cmd --list-port

# 启动

命令 : ./nginx

#查看

命令 : lsof -i:80

在浏览器中，输入虚拟机【Linux】-Centos的IP地址进行搜索

以上就是Nginx 的使用配置并且开启完成了哦。

1.3.负载均衡

在资源文件夹中，创建一个tomcat文件夹，来存放Tomcat

输入命令 : mkdir tomcat

并且将tomcat服务解压到指定目录，刚刚创建的tomcat文件夹中。

输入命令 : tar -xvf apache-tomcat-8.5.tar.gz -C tomcat

进入tomcat文件夹中

命令 : cd tomcat/

复制一个tomcat，准备2个tomcat

命令 : cp -r apache-tomcat-8.5.20/ apache-tomcat-8.5.20_8081/

查看命令 : ll

将其中的一个tomcat修改端口，避免两个服务同时开启时端口被占用的情况。

命令 : cd apache-tomcat-8.5.20/conf （进入到tomcat的conf文件中）

找到server.xml 文件进行修改端口

命令 : vim server.xml （编辑文件修改端口）

修改端口号：

修改后的所以代码 :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or morecontributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed withthis work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance withthe License.  You may obtain a copy of the License athttp://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, softwaredistributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.See the License for the specific language governing permissions andlimitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Note:  A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may notdefine subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.Documentation at /docs/config/server.html-->
<Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"><Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" /><!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />--><!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html --><Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /><!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs--><Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" /><Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /><Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" /><!-- Global JNDI resourcesDocumentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html--><GlobalNamingResources><!-- Editable user database that can also be used byUserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users--><Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"description="User database that can be updated and saved"factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" /></GlobalNamingResources><!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that sharea single "Container" Note:  A "Service" is not itself a "Container",so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.Documentation at /docs/config/service.html--><Service name="Catalina"><!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools--><!--<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>--><!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are receivedand responses are returned. Documentation at :Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.htmlJava AJP  Connector: /docs/config/ajp.htmlAPR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.htmlDefine a non-SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080--><Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443" /><!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool--><!--<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443" />--><!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443This connector uses the NIO implementation. The defaultSSLImplementation will depend on the presence of the APR/nativelibrary and the useOpenSSL attribute of theAprLifecycleListener.Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used regardless ofthe SSLImplementation selected. JSSE style configuration is used below.--><!--<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true"><SSLHostConfig><Certificate certificateKeystoreFile="conf/localhost-rsa.jks"type="RSA" /></SSLHostConfig></Connector>--><!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 with HTTP/2This connector uses the APR/native implementation which always usesOpenSSL for TLS.Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used. OpenSSL styleconfiguration is used below.--><!--<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" ><UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" /><SSLHostConfig><Certificate certificateKeyFile="conf/localhost-rsa-key.pem"certificateFile="conf/localhost-rsa-cert.pem"certificateChainFile="conf/localhost-rsa-chain.pem"type="RSA" /></SSLHostConfig></Connector>--><!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 --><Connector port="8010" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /><!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processesevery request.  The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand aloneanalyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes themon to the appropriate Host (virtual host).Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html --><!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">--><Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"><!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:/docs/cluster-howto.html  (simple how to)/docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) --><!--<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>--><!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwordsvia a brute-force attack --><Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"><!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDIresources under the key "UserDatabase".  Any editsthat are performed against this UserDatabase are immediatelyavailable for use by the Realm.  --><Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"resourceName="UserDatabase"/></Realm><Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"><!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applicationsDocumentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --><!--<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />--><!-- Access log processes all example.Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.htmlNote: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" --><Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" /></Host></Engine></Service>
</Server>

注 : 将该服务器tomcat的所以端口都进行了修改，以免其他所有端口也有冲突。

并且将这个服务器的页面显示内容进行修改，访问时容易分辨是哪个tomcat端口进入的

在tomcat根目录的webapps中的ROOT目录中，找到index.jsp文件，在MobaXterm工具的左边选中这个文件，右键点击第二个进行打开文件，并且修改编辑文件。

编辑后的所有内容如下 :

<%--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License athttp://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
--%>
<%@ page session="false" pageEncoding="UTF-8" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<%
java.text.SimpleDateFormat sdf = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy");
request.setAttribute("year", sdf.format(new java.util.Date()));
request.setAttribute("tomcatUrl", "http://tomcat.apache.org/");
request.setAttribute("tomcatDocUrl", "/docs/");
request.setAttribute("tomcatExamplesUrl", "/examples/");
%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><title><%=request.getServletContext().getServerInfo() %></title><link href="favicon.ico" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" /><link href="favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" /><link href="tomcat.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /></head><body><h1>8081</h1></body></html>

返回到tomcat目录，并且开其两个服务(tomcat)

命令: cd apache-tomcat-8.5.20/bin （进入到tomcat的bin目录中）

命令: ./startup.sh （开启服务）

再到 nginx的目录中

命令: cd /usr/local/nginx

并且进入 : sbin目录

输入 : cd sbin

命令 : ./nginx -s reload

注 : 重新开启nginx

之后在浏览器中访问，就有两个服务在运行用一个了

8080：

8081：

二.前端部署

2.1. 准备工作

前端项目打包之前需要增加以下的设置

在前端项目中 config文件下的index.js中要增加以下代码 :

assetsPublicPath: './',//修改后

在前端项目中 build文件下的 utils.js 中增加以下代码 :

// 解决icon路径加载错误
publicPath:'../../'

在前端项目的跟目录中，cmd打开命令窗口

输入命令 : npm run build ( 进行前端项目打包 )

命令执行后，会出现如图中以下文件 dist

在 /usr/local/ 目录下创建一个文件夹，为mypor ，并且进入文件夹，之后将dist文件拖入mypor文件夹中

并且选中zip解压的命令 : yum install -y unzip

将该文件进行解压

输入命令 : unzip dist.zip

2.2.部署

输入命令 : cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/ 找到nginx.conf进行编辑

以下是所有代码 :

 
#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;#pid        logs/nginx.pid;events {worker_connections  1024;
}http {include       mime.types;default_type  application/octet-stream;#log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '#                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '#                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';#access_log  logs/access.log  main;sendfile        on;#tcp_nopush     on;#keepalive_timeout  0;keepalive_timeout  65;#gzip  on;#服务器的集群upstream  tomcat_list {  #服务器集群名字server    127.0.0.1:8080  weight=1;   #服务器1   weight是权重的意思，权重越大，分配的概率越大。server    127.0.0.1:8081  weight=2;   #服务器2   weight是权重的意思，权重越大，分配的概率越大} server {listen       80;server_name  localhost;#charset koi8-r;#access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;location / {root   /usr/local/mypro/dist;#proxy_pass   http://tomcat_list;index  index.html index.htm;}location  ^~/api/ {#^~/api/表示匹配前缀是api的请求，proxy_pass的结尾有/， 则会把/api/*后面的路径直接拼接到后面，即移除apiproxy_pass http://tomcat_list/;}#error_page  404              /404.html;# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html#error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   html;}# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80##location ~ \.php$ {#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;#}# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000##location ~ \.php$ {#    root           html;#    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;#    fastcgi_index  index.php;#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;#    include        fastcgi_params;#}# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root# concurs with nginx's one##location ~ /\.ht {#    deny  all;#}}# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration##server {#    listen       8000;#    listen       somename:8080;#    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;#    location / {#        root   html;#        index  index.html index.htm;#    }#}# HTTPS server##server {#    listen       443 ssl;#    server_name  localhost;#    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;#    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;#    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;#    ssl_session_timeout  5m;#    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;#    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;#    location / {#        root   html;#        index  index.html index.htm;#    }#}}