定时获取公网ip并发送邮件提醒-编程知识

前一段时间路由器刷的老毛子固件“穿透服务”中定时更新阿里DDNS失败了，用了很久第一次遇到。所以需要做个备用的措施用来实时获取公网ip信息

1、基于python实现

开启邮箱的SMTP功能
拿到授权码(不是登录密码)

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import os
import re
import random
import requests
import logging
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
from string import Template
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
# 输出日志格式
logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s - %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] - %(levelname)s: %(message)s',level=logging.INFO,filename='sendWANIP.log',filemode='a')def _format_addr(s):"""美化邮箱地址,用于可显示发/收件人:param s: 邮件地址:return: 美化后的地址"""addr = parseaddr(s)return formataddr(addr)def get_current_ip():"""获取当前公网ip地址:return: 公网ip地址"""ip_reg = re.compile("((2(5[0-5]|[0-4]\\d))|[0-1]?\\d{1,2})(\\.((2(5[0-5]|[0-4]\\d))|[0-1]?\\d{1,2})){3}")# 可根据需求增删获取ip网址api_tuple = ("http://txt.go.sohu.com/ip/soip","https://ident.me/","https://ifconfig.me/ip","https://icanhazip.com/","https://checkip.amazonaws.com/","http://members.3322.org/dyndns/getip")url = api_tuple[random.randrange(len(api_tuple))]# print(url)r = requests.get(url)ip = re.findall(r'\d+.\d+.\d+.\d+', r.text)# ip[0]if re.match(ip_reg,ip[0]):logging.info("从{}获取地址成功!ip={}".format(url,ip))return ip[0]else:logging.error("从{}获取地址失败!".format(url))exit(-1)def record_ip(params):"""将最新的ip记录在文件中:param params: 包含ip的参数"""filename="./lastwanip"last_wan_ip=""if os.path.exists(filename):f=open(filename,'r');last_wan_ip=f.readline()f.close()logging.info("从文件中读到ip地址为:{}".format(last_wan_ip))if last_wan_ip!= params['current_ip']:f = open(filename, 'w');f.write(params['current_ip'])f.close()else:logging.info("ip地址已经是最新的,无需更新")exit(0)
def send_mail(params):"""给指定用户发送邮件:param params: 发送邮件信息:return: 0: 发送成功,>0 发送失败"""# 第三方 SMTP 服务mail_host = "smtp.163.com"  # 设置服务器mail_user = "xxxx"  # 用户名mail_pass = "xxxxxxxx"  # 口令,即授权码不是账户密码receivers = sender = 'xxxx@163.com'# 邮件内容支持html格式，仿照的腾讯云模板mail_text="""<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>IP地址</title></head><body><div><includetail><div align="center"><div class="open_email" style="margin-left: 8px; margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-right: 8px;"><div><br><span class="genEmailContent"><div id="cTMail-Wrap"style="word-break: break-all;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;min-width:320px; max-width:660px; border:1px solid #f6f6f6; background-color:#f7f8fa; margin:auto; padding:20px 0 30px; font-family:'helvetica neue',PingFangSC-Light,arial,'hiragino sans gb','microsoft yahei ui','microsoft yahei',simsun,sans-serif"><div class="main-content" style=""><table style="width:100%;font-weight:300;margin-bottom:10px;border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr style="font-weight:300"><td style="width:3%;max-width:30px;"></td><td style="max-width:600px;"><div id="cTMail-logo" style="width:92px; height:25px;"><a href="#"><img id="logo" border="0" 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l38c7MunIcborXOLezyc+f1aPC4BiyfO89JPWgJ3cbN92ts+334TFdiN/26BfTPhH9EOrJH3seHbzkAwiZ6og1XGMnVIX78lCcQlJCGc+yIsj1rUXpoGQoPF2JRxVu8FB9bjMX7VuCFlSvhF5fF80vUh4jVCGNrFnJb7jzwHboPGI724RmoPHWGnOx3NfnCucD1ptGN8dknWwdPFr8eqRqo293x9Y5RJ4VkfT1ZR61u10xEmwRvkVvtvhYxCOHJuegVk46J059xTO4om07Ww7IuJgt39OQF/LZLKHb9UI31Bz/F0m/LUFxRgpLjJVh8rAhFx4sYuYvwztH3MeutQv6cIyVg1fIJqdBsL0hLFIpSkhsyKG0cOkQOwftbvjgPyZbd5ItXHw6yeJnEeYS7vBRXUniTES7EcDv0u/N1u6vLxaXXXIngrf31XJ+NcHU6o2DWq+gelYnYQTmOKOIlmx1XJKa3IcpJ/hbZv037IlNvZ1YbWHd4M5YdWMYkyTIs3LcQi48sxpIjxSipWI73jn+FmNvGIjbnT9xymwCf0lV/jkKjx5krAgKZ9OoQNQxf7tn/oyRauzTjZrnCrbVtTh1agms9El7q1lpjTwTxVV446e0mfB+nurSdys3I49SJmvR5jGf/tfnrbz7tHJGBHv1zcKKqhk/4aoU6P7RBCSBamFDlIXZ20rRn5qDvkKE4y/as2r8BZYfWY9WxjVhesQ4bTm7FmopPkTN1MrrHZiEqbRS32pcFm+z+a0QQ5qrJEtaePUerEJx+D/43OB0XrWIhe/e6ZtysejemiRMhd9LD7THeyKiVNB4mfPU6n6d2kl9d27maakXdyTVlNHBql3qcDxNcz2A8+8PbZavRJykfYekjYbBwrwF33V1gUuSiJOdkkzyhkDs5hWkyePqKFf7RA+DfPwGvlr2D+e+vxWurV2D63NcweHIBOkUm4qbe0cifMA2XJfkZS3qSxq7kk7Q2uelrvl60Cp2icxGTO4kkSmJTbpYHuBKqMTfHcWM14Wa39WuPbagdLsUBrRfFF6vtKhN8/D716nFJEvPYLi8RXt8wv6gUQcnDEMgIzid8djksblBC5LWKpSPLTa48s/JQAhF80p+fQfugGLQNjMAfA8PRMTQenUMTkTr8fixd96WSNEWZefTQgACzxeZ40Le1iM2XjWDtmvDQU+jCRqx/lGw4zr53+ybeLFc4WW2N9fTpXDfaul7dLvsbJH9Dmta1eCCQ04TOhzSBhlAvCuppIqm18Eonbzoob7tnXB7mLlnPdLYcUeRRPjXwYavLj+YBElEp0HQEjYwxKMESrq+VpCme0SeAl8bkhzSlqEs7WKW69Fc1HG9gbwy98170iEzBtKdepfa/bW25/BK34WNfz1WttTuL7DoSNOBBqKdV6TxRFNtBeehb2zlcCOcED16NJpNbm/ykzgUkSequPcZNxLV55M4dex/T3Fnwi87Ey2++y7WxXUlz5Zl4RF6LpDzpDjlCSQRlpKWsPZMyYXSaNPLIopyqygtFHBuZ+NTUopJZ3aqdUh11ut4aj94xg/DTFeGUreUkSbMDNe7cftq02DZtfHeNuXYydRTx0TfuJFtcMvKaDNfP9qCtW0L+OGN0wQx0DRvEbnwapj7xMk5WG/hzWBK3fJISulZceYKsnelxMp6WqlpyxapzktFx6h+z3haxzuI3m8AeEqvUQI12MR41IkkPVhjt8nyC1lx5eWEpheifY7tabCKpzfVooqvMdTjmxTUzzhdya4nsmmjl0mG8tsUleNMc1COv9rup7WxuWoJbzF30DgKjs+EfnonezIqbGYmNJpucG81dhKJcREU30xM5jLicVO7IS6Tm+2Wrb5Q0cuUqkpt7euwK0ZUl23jylyjPIfLHTaFj9rK3/thiF69lJl2eJlOO1w3JCHd1aYtrXV7a6CQfNOc0B/W+h2u7fAxONR1po2cgYOBIbuUEhdgUobRJIi9qYpOFSxIzz9HmFlxJcHIQzi4Xh0X1kdyqlPBUHOR2Ibn2c/iSyhY5+KSuY0il6ooFe46cPssIH9fiF07HLx+xOZPgF5OLS6JM7MuCXV6ugUhjFR1ZfXWa26xsbc4WVSG3TDw5KmhsiUBOA+QmKUJP4atzACJ6waOzEBQdj4GZuUTww+y7DLI3sKKWjv+niE0bxn/L5qxNXuNPXdySk1KQc7K55hbqAjKy5bbVWV47HNLFYeU5EeWlILyF4B2TPw/Fldxara0+r0kEP3HuMnr1jUGvsP5YtfFT8rl/zfb1b+1rrKOVENQ/DcGx6fICl3aZKHIOtcQTjri3Q/V3C6pLUCGtVlqIziuxquRWJ5fNlSXqApiqJVfJbVBGmyOnL6BbSDSCogZi1MT76b2P2HfpZ9Et9q8Taz/ZbukVzcgdn41LUt0qUhaRppF2nq6qXTrNaK9z/dUqj3DJr8V6bjm+mI5d9j2bFF+6UVlBSn2owCzYHZmI/GEGwc4Lnatdh8RiF3g7qPCRRHnS/pLNyjvltgM/oF/6GPToOwgZw8dSB81mx+i/k/NrR+jAHHQJHYhvKs/WyRJ6at1ilNciUaw25Z9YlEfP1GXLKHCiPpRL79E6f6rMUBbCUQgvOVx19D8dpy69wMlsE3ixabS5gZlpdckGfpzFJi+TLMod5wojPLW14sdz6BAYC/++aSiY+VLLz7Z1/OciKnkYiOBxGXegRvELqyTUam2+bANFAUXJQUo5d0QO/Fhtdu4j5+uMWAVHQIjeo05iMlvr3ud12Rwa3rG2n70uiUsNIPGAjCApS6ux/TbFm8POozyWUZMfREBUCsYWPKYTW4cz1m/ZLfgxyx3YL9URVlcjj2ZJszaJXZYoaq4IEd2kWTLYsX4JZAJSEGXXvkrsrzyBQ0e/r1tmQUNanj8u1hFcu6ClWYluOia0ohKUYVvy6qiuvqB+SfAPjtKJrcM9Pt91+NmQ/ql46OmX8OW+ozjPiHnBLBNVUCwvWWCuezUkVn86hEi279RlzF2yFknDJ6J3fC66RQ9Gh7B0UHqtf780/vT5us/K+ZqARiVJy6rIFpIkNALQmoO0gpVq8enzBEX2mJVgTY3yqw0nL0pIyRuLxMwR2LnvYFZrX0Mdv3D0iU7CLQERiErJxmg23M9kZP/XkpWo/K4KFcdO4fsfzmLNxi14ce6/MOuvr2H8lMdw/8zn0S2M1voeyH8ir3N4OiIy70J09gTcNuVZjCiYjZ7xOYzkSejSNxGJw8biL3MWYNfhk/I6JzY4fkHBorgULcryw1RsisWuscDxGzof7ziELkHx6B0+SLfYOnzDc3MXYvS9D8M/LA5+oTHwY0TvHhQNv1vjOYF7x6Sha3A8OgX0Z8cMQMeAaHQKjEFMSi4G3z4Bj85+FUdO1fgz0gaw0lZb9wdflf+YP/ZedOgTweqLRe+oREye8TR2Hj7N1zpR1wBXA0lGZWQw2OtGieM/nceg3NvQqU8k+vRNRsFDz+nk1uE7GLmuul+YkfcaVjJffONtdO8bjx7hCaBfSaO0VOpAQ8dNw+j7H0P+hOnyrwwHR6NnaBSSsnJRsmqdTmgdv2wwg3wD09J3MklSvnrjVkydORsDs0eiT/9MtGWSo11IMjpHZ+OWkERk3T4Waz/cQha9JROfdOi4emAyuwcjeY7gImEIa7buRcnGbdj3w5Xu9D/rBDf+7A3UoaM5sLdcfrUOHTp06NChQ4cOHTp06NChQ4cOHT8jaB0UVlr0N4V06GhVMEJfz0oHVoazko5f0NNN/wYV+1KRa3imowAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=="style="width:183px; height:66px;display:block"></a></div><br/><p style="height:2px;background-color: #00a4ff;border: 0;font-size:0;padding:0;width:100%;margin-top:20px;"></p><div id="cTMail-inner" style="background-color:#fff; padding:23px 0 20px;box-shadow: 0px 1px 1px 0px rgba(122, 55, 55, 0.2);text-align:left;"><table style="width:100%;font-weight:300;margin-bottom:10px;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left;"><tbody><tr style="font-weight:300"><td style="width:3.2%;max-width:30px;"></td><td style="max-width:480px;text-align:left;"><h1 id="cTMail-title" style="font-size: 20px; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px 0px 22px;">[DynamicIP-Notice]</h1><p id="cTMail-userName" style="font-size:14px;color:#333; line-height:24px; margin:0;"><span>Your current public ip address is :<strong>${current_ip}</strong>.</span></p><dl style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 18px;"><dd style="margin: 0px 0px 6px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 22px;"><p id="cTMail-sender" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; margin-top: 32px;">Sincerely,<br><strong>${device}</strong></p></dd></dl></td><td style="width:3.2%;max-width:30px;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div id="cTMail-copy" style="text-align:center; font-size:12px; line-height:18px; color:#999"><table style="width:100%;font-weight:300;margin-bottom:10px;border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr style="font-weight:300"><td style="width:3.2%;max-width:30px;"></td><td style="max-width:540px;"><p style="text-align:center; margin:20px auto 14px auto;font-size:12px;color:#999;">如非本人邮件，请忽略！</p><td style="width:3.2%;max-width:30px;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td><td style="width:3%;max-width:30px;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></span></div></div></div></includetail></div></body></html>"""mail = MIMEText(Template(mail_text).substitute(params), 'html', 'utf-8')# 显示发件人mail['From'] = _format_addr(sender)mail['To'] = _format_addr(receivers)# 设置邮件主题subject = '[DynamicIP-Notice] {}'.format(params['current_ip'])mail['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')try:smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP()smtpObj.connect(mail_host, 25)  # 25 为 SMTP 端口号smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, mail.as_string())logging.info("邮件发送成功,最新ip为{}".format(params['current_ip']))return 0except smtplib.SMTPException as ex:logging.error("邮件发送失败{},".format(ex))return 1if __name__=='__main__':device = os.environ['COMPUTERNAME']params = {"current_ip": get_current_ip(), "device": device}record_ip(params)send_mail(params)

2、创建bat文件启动脚本

"D:\Program Files\Python310\python.exe" D:\Code\Code\sendWANIP\sendWANIP.py

3、Windows任务计划

添加windows任务计划，每隔10分钟执行bat文件获取公网ip
注意：

“程序或脚本”中写的可执行文件不要被引号包裹
起始位置必填，为可执行文件所在的目录否则无法执行

4、shell脚本

路由器上跑的shell脚本，百度得来的出处忘记了，有需要的可以参考

#!/bin/bash#SMTP配置   #（例子）
#SMTP服务器#smtpserver=smtp.126.com
#邮箱账号#fromaddress=xxxxxx@126.com
#邮箱密码fromaddresspwd=xxxxxxxxxxxxx
#收件人信息#toaddress=xxxxxx@qq.com 英文逗号分隔#SMTP配置
smtpserver=smtp.163.com
fromaddress=xxxx@163.com
fromaddresspwd=xxxxxxxxxxxxx
toaddress=xxxxx@163.com#文件路径，最新ip写入lastwanip.txt 
iptxt="/etc/storage/lastwanip.txt"
#文件路径，邮件正文，写入mail文件
mailtxtpath="/etc/storage/mail.txt"#获取WANIP接口
newwanip=`wget http://members.3322.org/dyndns/getip -q -O -`#如接口获取不到ip，本次取消发送
echo $newwanipif [ x"$newwanip" = "x" ]; thennewwanip=`wget https://ifconfig.me/ip -q -O -`echo $newwanipif [ x"$newwanip" = "x" ]; thenexitfi
fiif [ -f $iptxt ]; thenoldwanip=`cat $iptxt`
elseoldwanip="0.0.0.0"
fi#对比上次IP，如相同则不发邮件，否则发送
echo $oldwanipif [ "$newwanip" = "$oldwanip" ]; thenexit
fi
if [ -f $mailtxtpath ]; thenrm -f $mailtxtpath
fi#配置邮件标题，修改“wanip”和在${newwanip} 后面加参数
#不能修改代码格式，行与行之间必须空格！
cat  <<EOF >>$mailtxtpath
Subject: WANIP:[ ${newwanip} ]路由器型号 = RedMi AC2100IP=    ${newwanip}okTo: $toaddress
From: $fromaddress
EOF#调用系统邮件服务
sendmail -f $fromaddress -t $toaddress -S $smtpserver -au$fromaddress -ap$fromaddresspwd < $mailtxtpath#缓存最新ip地址，写入/etc/storage/lastwanip.txt"
echo $newwanip > $iptxt#打印系统日志，调用logger接口
logger 发现WANIP变化，外网IP= $newwanip 
logger （$fromaddress）已邮件通知（$toaddress）