基于OGG实现Oracle实时同步MySQL-编程知识

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文章目录

前言
- 1.架构设计
- 2.OGG安装部署
- - 2.1 OGG for Oracle
  - 2.2 OGG for MySQL
- 3.Oracle相关配置
- - 3.1 参数调整
  - 3.2 新增用户
- 4.MySQL数据初始化
- 5.Oracle OGG设置
- 6.MySQL OGG设置
- 7.全量同步数据
- 8.增量时实同步
- - 8.1 Oracle端
  - 8.2 MySQL端
- 9.测试同步

前言

本文详细阐述了基于OGG实现Oracle实时同步MySQL全过程

1.架构设计

2.OGG安装部署

2.1 OGG for Oracle

1.OGG下载地址：
https://www.oracle.com/middleware/technologies/goldengate-downloads.html
创建OGG使用目录
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oraogg
chmod 775 -R /oraogg

2.环境变量如下
vi .bash_profileexport GG_HOME=/oraogg/goldengate
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$GG_HOME
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
alias ggsci='cd $GG_HOME;ggsci'source .bash_profile3.静默安装
cd /oraogg/fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_Oracle_shiphome/Disk1/response
vi /oraogg/fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_Oracle_shiphome/Disk1/response/oggcore.rsp--只修改如下3个地方即可。
INSTALL_OPTION=ora19c
SOFTWARE_LOCATION=/oraogg/goldengate
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1

使用如下命令静默安装：
/oraogg/fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_Oracle_shiphome/Disk1/runInstaller -silent
-responseFile /oraogg/fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_Oracle_shiphome/Disk1/response/oggcore.rsp

OGG初始化
cd /ogg
./ggsci
create subdirs

2.2 OGG for MySQL

1.安装客户端
yum install https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
yum install mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck

2.创建oggm用户运行OGG for MySQL软件，安装目录为/oggmysql
groupadd -g 1005 ogg
useradd -g ogg -u 1005 -m oggm
mkdir -p /oggmysql
chown oggm:ogg /oggmysql

3.解压缩安装
cd /oggmysql/
unizp 213000_ggs_Linux_x64_MySQL_64bit.zip
tar -xf ggs_Linux_x64_MySQL_64bit.tar

[root@ogg21all oggmysql]# ./ggsci -V
Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for MySQL
Version 21.3.0.0.0 OGGCORE_21.3.0.0.0_PLATFORMS_210728.1047
Oracle Linux 7, x64, 64bit (optimized), MySQL on Jul 28 2021 18:17:46
Copyright © 1995, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

4.配置
su - oggm
$ /oggmysql/ggsci
GGSCI (ogg21all) 1> create subdirs

5.环境变量设置
vi .bash_profileexport GG_HOME=/oggmysql
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$GG_HOME
alias ggsci='cd $GG_HOME;ggsci'source .bash_profile

3.Oracle相关配置

3.1 参数调整

– oracle数据库配置
1.开启数据库归档–如果没有开启
2.开启数据库级别附加日志–如果没有开始最小附加日志
3.开启强制日志–如果没有开启强制日志
4.设置ENABLE_GOLDENGATE_REPLICAT参数为TRUE
5.创建OGG用户包括包括源端用户、目标端用户以及OGG抽取用户

alter database add supplemental log data;
alter database add supplemental log data (all) columns;
alter database force logging;
alter system set enable_goldengate_replication=TRUE;

##修改归档路径
mkdir -p /home/oracle/arch
SYS@oradb> alter system set log_archive_dest_1=‘location=/home/oracle/arch’;
System altered.
SYS@oradb> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/arch
Oldest online log sequence 3
Next log sequence to archive 5
Current log sequence 5

SYS@oradb> select name,supplemental_log_data_min , force_logging, log_mode from v$database;
NAME               SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG FORCE_LOGGING     LOG_MODE
------------------ ---------------- ----------------- ------------------------
ORCLCDB            YES              YES               ARCHIVELOG

##关闭回收站
SQL> SHOW PARAMETER recyclebin;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET recyclebin = OFF SCOPE = SPFILE;
SQL> show recyclebin;
SQL> PURGE recyclebin;

3.2 新增用户

-- OGG管理用户
SYS@oradb> alter session set container=ORCLPDB1;CREATE USER ogg identified by oracle;
GRANT DBA to ogg;
grant SELECT ANY DICTIONARY to ogg;
GRANT EXECUTE ON SYS.DBMS_LOCK TO ogg;
grant select any transaction to ogg;
grant select any table to ogg;
grant flashback any table to ogg;
grant alter any table to ogg;exec dbms_goldengate_auth.grant_admin_privilege('OGG','*',TRUE); -- 业务用户
CREATE USER rptuser identified by oracle;
GRANT DBA to rptuser ;
grant SELECT ANY DICTIONARY to rptuser;
GRANT EXECUTE ON SYS.DBMS_LOCK TO rptuser;

4.MySQL数据初始化

1.生成MySQL端DDL语句
可以使用Navicat的数据传输功能或其它工具直接从Oracle端生成MySQL类型的建表语句如下：mysql -uroot -proot
create database rptdb;mysql -uroot -proot -h 172.18.12.91 -D rptdb -f < ddl.sql2.DDL语句如下
SET NAMES utf8; 
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `ADDRESSES`; 
CREATE TABLE `ADDRESSES` 
( `ADDRESS_ID` decimal(12, 0) NOT NULL, 
`CUSTOMER_ID` decimal(12, 0) NOT NULL, 
`DATE_CREATED` datetime NOT NULL, 
`HOUSE_NO_OR_NAME` varchar(60) NULL, 
`STREET_NAME` varchar(60) NULL, 
`TOWN` varchar(60) NULL, 
`COUNTY` varchar(60) NULL, 
`COUNTRY` varchar(60) NULL, 
`POST_CODE` varchar(12) NULL, 
`ZIP_CODE` varchar(12) NULL, 
PRIMARY KEY (`ADDRESS_ID`), 
INDEX `ADDRESS_CUST_IX`(`CUSTOMER_ID` ASC) 
);----- Table structure for CARD_DETAILS ----
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `CARD_DETAILS`; 
CREATE TABLE `CARD_DETAILS` 
( `CARD_ID` decimal(12, 0) NOT NULL, 
`CUSTOMER_ID` decimal(12, 0) NOT NULL, 
`CARD_TYPE` varchar(30) NOT NULL, 
`CARD_NUMBER` decimal(12, 0) NOT NULL, 
`EXPIRY_DATE` datetime NOT NULL, 
`IS_VALID` varchar(1) NOT NULL, 
`SECURITY_CODE` decimal(6, 0) NULL, 
PRIMARY KEY (`CARD_ID`), 
INDEX `CARDDETAILS_CUST_IX`(`CUSTOMER_ID` ASC) 
);---- Table structure for CUSTOMERS ----
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `CUSTOMERS`; 
CREATE TABLE `CUSTOMERS` 
( `CUSTOMER_ID` decimal(12, 0) NOT NULL, 
`CUST_FIRST_NAME` varchar(40) NOT NULL, 
`CUST_LAST_NAME` varchar(40) NOT NULL, 
`NLS_LANGUAGE` varchar(3) NULL, 
`NLS_TERRITORY` varchar(30) NULL, 
`CREDIT_LIMIT` decimal(9, 2) NULL, 
`CUST_EMAIL` varchar(100) NULL, 
`ACCOUNT_MGR_ID` decimal(12, 0) NULL, 
`CUSTOMER_SINCE` datetime NULL, 
`CUSTOMER_CLASS` varchar(40) NULL, 
`SUGGESTIONS` varchar(40) NULL, 
`DOB` datetime NULL, `MAILSHOT` varchar(1) NULL, 
`PARTNER_MAILSHOT` varchar(1) NULL, 
`PREFERRED_ADDRESS` decimal(12, 0) NULL, 
`PREFERRED_CARD` decimal(12, 0) NULL, 
PRIMARY KEY (`CUSTOMER_ID`), 
INDEX `CUST_ACCOUNT_MANAGER_IX`(`ACCOUNT_MGR_ID` ASC), 
INDEX `CUST_DOB_IX`(`DOB` ASC), 
INDEX `CUST_EMAIL_IX`(`CUST_EMAIL` ASC) 
);

5.Oracle OGG设置

[root@ogg21all /]# su - oracle
[oracle@ogg21all ~]$ ggsci
GGSCI (ogg21all) 2> edit params mgr
PORT 7809

add credentialstore
alter credentialstore add user ogg@172.18.12.90/oradb, password oracle alias ora19c
INFO CREDENTIALSTORE

GGSCI (ogg21all) 7> INFO CREDENTIALSTORE
Reading from credential store:
Default domain: OracleGoldenGate
Alias: ora19c
Userid: ogg@172.18.12.90/oradb

dblogin useridalias ora19c
ADD SCHEMATRANDATA RPTUSER
INFO SCHEMATRANDATA RPTUSER
list tables RPTUSER.*

6.MySQL OGG设置

GGSCI (ogg21all) 1> edit params mgr
port 8809

GGSCI (ogg21all) 2> start mgr
Manager started.

GGSCI (ogg21all) 3> info all
Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt
MANAGER RUNNING

7.全量同步数据

Oracle全量同步到MySQL
注意：在此阶段，源端需要停业务，不能产生新数据。-- oracle端
edit params ext0
EXTRACT ext0
USERIDALIAS ora19c
rmthost 127.0.0.1,mgrport 8809
rmttask replicat,group rep0
TABLE RPTUSER.ADDRESSES;
TABLE RPTUSER.CARD_DETAILS;
TABLE RPTUSER.CUSTOMERS;add extract ext0 ,sourceistable
delete extract ext0-- MySQL端
edit params rep0
replicat rep0
targetdb rptdb@172.18.12.91:3306 userid root password root
map RPTUSER.ADDRESSES, target rptdb.ADDRESSES;
map RPTUSER.CARD_DETAILS, target rptdb.CARD_DETAILS;
map RPTUSER.CUSTOMERS, target rptdb.CUSTOMERS;add replicat rep0 ,specialrun
delete replicat rep0-- 直接启动源端ext0即可，rep0不用启动,MGR会自动启动它，等同步结束，它会自动关闭
start ext0-- 查看日志
info rep0,showch
view report rep0--登录验证数据
mysql -uroot -proot -h 172.18.12.91 -D rptdbmysql> select count(*) from ADDRESSES;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|      150 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)mysql> select count(*) from CARD_DETAILS;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|      150 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)mysql> select count(*) from CUSTOMERS;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|      100 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)GGSCI (ogg21all as ogg@oradb) 21> info ext0Extract    EXT0      Last Started 2023-11-25 18:58   Status STOPPED
Checkpoint Lag       Not Available
Log Read Checkpoint  Table RPTUSER.CUSTOMERS2023-11-25 18:58:46  Record 100
Task                 SOURCEISTABLE

8.增量时实同步

8.1 Oracle端

ADD EXTRACT exto INTEGRATED TRANLOG BEGIN NOW
ADD EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/eo EXTRACT exto

dblogin useridalias ora19c
REGISTER EXTRACT exto DATABASE

edit params exto
EXTRACT exto
USERIDALIAS ora19c
TRANLOGOPTIONS FETCHPARTIALLOB
EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/eo
TABLE RPTUSER.ADDRESSES;
TABLE RPTUSER.CARD_DETAILS;
TABLE RPTUSER.CUSTOMERS;

启动exto
start exto
GGSCI (ogg21all as ogg@oradb) 12> info all
Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt
MANAGER RUNNING
EXTRACT RUNNING EXTO 00:02:19 00:00:08

8.2 MySQL端

edit params repm
replicat repm
targetdb rptdb@172.18.12.91:3306 userid root password root
map RPTUSER.ADDRESSES, target rptdb.ADDRESSES;
map RPTUSER.CARD_DETAILS, target rptdb.CARD_DETAILS;
map RPTUSER.CUSTOMERS, target rptdb.CUSTOMERS;

add rep repm, exttrail /oraogg/goldengate/dirdat/eo, NODBCHECKPOINT
delete rep repm

start repm

9.测试同步

1.Oracle端测试产生数据
SYS@oradb> DELETE FROM RPTUSER.ADDRESSES WHERE ADDRESS_ID=150;GGSCI (ogg21all as ogg@oradb) 21> stats exto,totalSending STATS request to Extract group EXTO ...Start of statistics at 2023-11-25 19:36:13.Output to ./dirdat/eo:Extracting from RPTUSER.ADDRESSES to RPTUSER.ADDRESSES:*** Total statistics since 2023-11-25 19:25:02 ***Total inserts                              0.00Total updates                              0.00Total deletes                              1.00Total upserts                              0.00Total discards                             0.00Total operations                           1.00End of statistics.2.mysql端插入数据
mysql -uroot -proot -h 172.18.12.91 -D rptdb
mysql> select count(*) from ADDRESSES;GGSCI (ogg21all) 18> stats repm,totalSending STATS request to Replicat group REPM ...Start of statistics at 2023-11-25 19:56:10.Replicating from RPTUSER.ADDRESSES to rptdb.ADDRESSES:*** Total statistics since 2023-11-25 19:54:49 ***Total inserts                              0.00Total updates                              0.00Total deletes                              1.00Total upserts                              0.00Total discards                             0.00Total operations                           1.00End of statistics.mysql> SELECT * FROM ADDRESSES WHERE ADDRESS_ID=150;
Empty set (0.00 sec)mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| rptdb      |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)