RabbitMQ消息模型之Routing-Direct-编程知识

RabbitMQ消息模型之Routing-Direct

Routing Direct

在Fanout模式中，一条消息，会被所有订阅的队列都消费。但是在某些场景下，我们希望不同的消息被不同的队列消费。这时就要用到Direct类型的Exchange。

在Direct模型下：

队列与交换机的绑定，不能是任意绑定了，而是要指定一个RoutingKey（路由key）
消息的发送方在向 Exchange发送消息时，也必须指定消息的RoutingKey。
Exchange不再把消息交给每一个绑定的队列，而是根据消息的Routing Key进行判断，只有队列的Routingkey与消息的Routing key完全一致，才会接收到消息

P：生产者，向Exchange发送消息，发送消息时，会指定一个routing key。
X：Exchange（交换机），接收生产者的消息，然后把消息递交给与routing key完全匹配的队列。
C1：消费者，其所在队列指定了需要routing key 为 error 的消息。
C2：消费者，其所在队列指定了需要routing key 为 info、error、warning 的消息。

创建生产者

public class MyProducer {@Testpublic void test() throws Exception {// 交换机String exchange = "logs_direct";// 创建工厂ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();factory.setVirtualHost("/");factory.setHost("xuewei.world");factory.setUsername("xuewei");factory.setPassword("123456");factory.setPort(5672);// 创建连接和通道Connection connection = factory.newConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();// 声明交换机channel.exchangeDeclare(exchange, "direct");for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {// 发布消息channel.basicPublish(exchange, "DEBUG", null, ("DEBUG LOG -> " + i).getBytes());channel.basicPublish(exchange, "INFO", null, ("INFO LOG -> " + i).getBytes());channel.basicPublish(exchange, "WARN", null, ("WARN LOG -> " + i).getBytes());channel.basicPublish(exchange, "ERROR", null, ("ERROR LOG -> " + i).getBytes());}}
}

创建消费者1

public class MyConsumer1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// 指定交换机String exchange = "logs_direct";// 创建工厂ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();factory.setVirtualHost("/");factory.setHost("xuewei.world");factory.setUsername("xuewei");factory.setPassword("123456");factory.setPort(5672);// 创建连接和通道Connection connection = factory.newConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();// 绑定交换机channel.exchangeDeclare(exchange, "direct");// 创建临时队列String queue = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();// 将临时队列绑定exchangechannel.queueBind(queue, exchange, "WARN");channel.queueBind(queue, exchange, "ERROR");// 处理消息channel.basicConsume(queue, true, new DefaultConsumer(channel) {@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {System.out.println("消费者1: " + new String(body));// TODO 业务处理}});}
}

创建消费者2

public class MyConsumer2 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// 指定交换机String exchange = "logs_direct";// 创建工厂ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();factory.setVirtualHost("/");factory.setHost("xuewei.world");factory.setUsername("xuewei");factory.setPassword("123456");factory.setPort(5672);// 创建连接和通道Connection connection = factory.newConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();// 绑定交换机channel.exchangeDeclare(exchange, "direct");// 创建临时队列String queue = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();// 将临时队列绑定exchangechannel.queueBind(queue, exchange, "DEBUG");channel.queueBind(queue, exchange, "INFO");// 处理消息channel.basicConsume(queue, true, new DefaultConsumer(channel) {@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {System.out.println("消费者2: " + new String(body));// TODO 业务处理}});}
}