C#实现MQTT over WebSocket-编程知识

C#实现MQTT over WebSocket

如何在网页端实现MQTT消息的发布和订阅？

实现MQTT功能，可以发布和订阅主题
通过WebSocket协议将MQTT消息转发给对应的网页端

带着这个实现思路，采用C#控制台程序实现MQTT服务端功能，web端可以直接使用websocket插件与服务端双向通讯。

新建C#控制台程序，.net framework框架版本4.5.2
引用Fleck框架，版本1.2.0
引用MQTTnet框架，版本4.3.1.873

1、WebSocket功能实现

socketDic 字典key值记录每个客户端，value记录每个客户端对应的SN，代表设备的序列号；

每当有网页端客户端连接的时候，自动将客户端套接字加入字典中；

每当网页关闭，服务端自动断开客户端套接字连接，并从缓存字典中移除此客户端套接字；

当网页端客户端套接字发送包含SN:开头的字符，表示网页端发送了设备的SN，服务端接收此消息，并解析设备SN，并与对应的客户端套接字绑定对应关系，在缓存字典中维护对应关系。

class Server
{static Dictionary<IWebSocketConnection, string> socketDic = new Dictionary<IWebSocketConnection, string>();static void Main(){FleckLog.Level = LogLevel.Debug;var server = new WebSocketServer("ws://0.0.0.0:8181");//var socketDic = new Dictionary<IWebSocketConnection, string>();server.Start(socket =>{socket.OnOpen = () =>{Console.WriteLine("Open!");socketDic.Add(socket, null);};socket.OnClose = () =>{Console.WriteLine("Close!");socketDic.Remove(socket);};socket.OnMessage = message =>{if (message.Contains("SN:") && socketDic.ContainsKey(socket)){socketDic[socket] = message.Replace("SN:", "");}};});Client();var input = Console.ReadLine();while (input != "exit"){foreach (var socket in socketDic.ToList()){socket.Key.Send(input);}input = Console.ReadLine();}}
}

2、MQTT功能实现

MQTT服务器采用EMQX公共服务器测试，服务器域名：broker.emqx.io，端口：1883，用户名：emqx_test，密码：emqx_test

订阅主题名：123、12345

MQTT接收消息事件ApplicationMessageReceivedAsync，判断消息主题与缓存字典中的套接字是否对应，如消息主题与缓存字典SN存在包含关系，则认为此消息与网页端套接字存在关联关系，则将消息推送给此套接字。

具体实现代码：

static IMqttClient client;public static async void Client(){try{client = new MqttFactory().CreateMqttClient() as MqttClient;var build = new MqttClientOptionsBuilder().WithClientId(Guid.NewGuid().ToString().Replace("-", "").ToUpper()).WithCredentials("emqx_test", "emqx_test").WithTcpServer("broker.emqx.io", 1883).WithCleanSession(true).WithKeepAlivePeriod(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(100.5));client.ConnectedAsync += _mqttClient_ConnectedAsync;await client.ConnectAsync(build.Build());client.DisconnectedAsync += _mqttClient_DisconnectedAsync;client.ApplicationMessageReceivedAsync += _mqttClient_ApplicationMessageReceivedAsync;await client.SubscribeAsync(new MqttClientSubscribeOptions{TopicFilters = new List<MqttTopicFilter> {new MqttTopicFilter() //订阅消息对象{Topic = "123",  //订阅消息主题QualityOfServiceLevel = MqttQualityOfServiceLevel.AtLeastOnce  //消息类型},new MqttTopicFilter() //订阅消息对象{Topic = "12345",  //订阅消息主题QualityOfServiceLevel = MqttQualityOfServiceLevel.AtLeastOnce  //消息类型}}});}catch (Exception e){Console.WriteLine($"连接失败");}}private static Task _mqttClient_ApplicationMessageReceivedAsync(MqttApplicationMessageReceivedEventArgs arg){var msg = arg.ApplicationMessage.ConvertPayloadToString();foreach (var item in socketDic){if (item.Value!=null && arg.ApplicationMessage.Topic.Contains(item.Value)){item.Key.Send($"hello {item.Value},{msg}");}}Console.WriteLine(arg.ApplicationMessage.ConvertPayloadToString());return Task.FromResult("");}private static Task _mqttClient_DisconnectedAsync(MqttClientDisconnectedEventArgs arg){Console.WriteLine($"客户端“{client.Options.ClientId}”已断开MQTT服务器！");return Task.FromResult("");}private static Task _mqttClient_ConnectedAsync(MqttClientConnectedEventArgs arg){Console.WriteLine($"客户端“{client.Options.ClientId}”已连接MQTT服务器！");return Task.FromResult("");}

3、网页端实现

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head><title>websocket client</title><script type="text/javascript">var start = function () {var inc = document.getElementById('incomming');var wsImpl = window.WebSocket || window.MozWebSocket;var form = document.getElementById('sendForm');var input = document.getElementById('sendText');inc.innerHTML += "connecting to server ..<br/>";// create a new websocket and connectwindow.ws = new wsImpl('ws://localhost:8181/');// when data is comming from the server, this metod is calledws.onmessage = function (evt) {inc.innerHTML += evt.data + '<br/>';};// when the connection is established, this method is calledws.onopen = function () {inc.innerHTML += '.. connection open<br/>';ws.send("SN:12345");};// when the connection is closed, this method is calledws.onclose = function () {inc.innerHTML += '.. connection closed<br/>';}//form.addEventListener('submit', function(e){//	e.preventDefault();//	var val = input.value;//	ws.send(val);//	input.value = "";//}); }window.onload = start;</script>
</head>
<body><form id="sendForm"><input id="sendText" placeholder="Text to send" /></form><pre id="incomming"></pre>
</body>
</html>

4、测试

启动WebSocket服务器控制台应用程序；

运行MQTT.fx工具，新建连接