SpringBoot中阿里云OSS的使用-编程知识

1 登录/注册阿里云并进入控制台

2 进入OSS控制台

3 创建bucket

4 查看bucket

5 获取AccessKey

6 查看帮助文档

7 添加Maven依赖

8 获取示例代码并改造成工具类

9 测试

1 登录/注册阿里云并进入控制台

2 进入OSS控制台

3 创建bucket

4 查看bucket

5 获取AccessKey

6 查看帮助文档

在OSS管理控制台界面中(即3 创建bucket步骤中的界面)：

7 添加Maven依赖

Java9以下版本只需要在<dependencies>中添加如下内容：

<dependency><groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId><artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId><version>3.15.1</version>
</dependency>

Java9及以上版本还需额外添加如下内容：

<dependency><groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId><artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId><version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>javax.activation</groupId><artifactId>activation</artifactId><version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- no more than 2.3.3-->
<dependency><groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId><artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId><version>2.3.3</version>
</dependency>

8 获取示例代码并改造成工具类

在简单上传中，我们可以获得上传字符串的代码如下：

public class Demo {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();// 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。String bucketName = "examplebucket";// 填写Object完整路径，完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称，例如exampledir/exampleobject.txt。String objectName = "exampledir/exampleobject.txt";// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);try {// 填写字符串。String content = "Hello OSS，你好世界";// 创建PutObjectRequest对象。PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName, new ByteArrayInputStream(content.getBytes()));// 如果需要上传时设置存储类型和访问权限，请参考以下示例代码。// ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();// metadata.setHeader(OSSHeaders.OSS_STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());// metadata.setObjectAcl(CannedAccessControlList.Private);// putObjectRequest.setMetadata(metadata);// 上传字符串。PutObjectResult result = ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);            } catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException ce) {System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "+ "such as not being able to access the network.");System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());} finally {if (ossClient != null) {ossClient.shutdown();}}}
}

经过改造，我们可以得到一个可以上传图片的工具类：

//代码参考自黑马程序员
public class AliOssUtil {// 其它Region请按实际情况填写，如何获得如下图private static final String ENDPOINT = "https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com";// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。//从之前保存的CSV文件中获取private static final String ACCESS_KEY_ID="LTAI5tJQVkx1pkBrbuPBA3Lx";private static final String ACCESS_KEY_SECRET="2Q0i7QsHQO7jNc8xIPirX4YHoQvXr2";// 填写Bucket名称private static final String BUCKET_NAME = "zy-blog-oss";public static String uploadFile(String objectName, InputStream in) throws Exception {// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(ENDPOINT,ACCESS_KEY_ID, ACCESS_KEY_SECRET);String url = "";try {// 创建PutObjectRequest对象。PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(BUCKET_NAME, objectName, in);PutObjectResult result = ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);//url组成: https://bucket名称.区域节点/objectNameurl = "https://"+BUCKET_NAME+"."+ENDPOINT.substring(ENDPOINT.lastIndexOf("/")+1)+"/"+objectName;} catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "+ "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException ce) {System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "+ "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "+ "such as not being able to access the network.");System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());} finally {if (ossClient != null) {ossClient.shutdown();}}return url;}
}

ENDPOINT获得方式：

9 测试

①编写控制类

@RestController
public class FileUploadController {@PostMapping("/upload")public Result<String> upload(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();//保证文件的名字是唯一的,从而防止文件覆盖String filename = UUID.randomUUID() +originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));String url = AliOssUtil.uploadFile(filename,file.getInputStream());return Result.success(url);}
}

②Postman测试