PyQT——蓝牙收发数据（上位机案例-小车控制器）

实现功能

由于本人水平有限，仅用了最简单的进行实现，主要功能：

  • 蓝牙设备扫描以及刷新
  • 蓝牙连接
  • 蓝牙数据发送
  • 蓝牙数据接收
页面实现效果

代码目录结构
代码案例
  • 代码已经全部添加注释，故不再做单独解释。
Main.py 
ble_control_widget.py
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
import sys
import threading
sys.path.append('..')
from ui.Ui_ble_control_widget import *
from drivers.driver_bluetooth import BluetoothDataTransferclass BleControlWidget(QWidget):# 信号定义# 蓝牙列表刷新refresh_signal = pyqtSignal()receive_data_signal = pyqtSignal(bytes)update_connection_signal = pyqtSignal()def __init__(self, parent=None):super().__init__(parent)self.ui = Ui_BleControlWidget()self.ui.setupUi(self)# 按钮槽函数调用self.init_ui()# 实例化属性便于全局调用self.device_list = [] # 蓝牙设备列表self.bd = None# 进入界面默认调用# 刷新蓝牙列表self.refreshBtn_subthread()def init_ui(self):'''按钮与槽函数连接'''# 刷新按钮槽函数绑定self.ui.refreshBtn.clicked.connect(self.refreshBtn_slot)# 连接蓝牙槽函数绑定self.ui.connectBtn.clicked.connect(self.connectBtn_slot)# 蓝牙列表更新信号与槽函数连接self.refresh_signal.connect(self.refresh_signal_slot)# 接收到的数据展示信号与槽函数连接self.receive_data_signal.connect(self.receive_data_signal_slot)# 更新蓝牙的状态槽函数绑定self.update_connection_signal.connect(self.update_connection_signal_slot)# 各控制按钮槽函数绑定self.ui.buzzerOnBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)self.ui.distanceBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)self.ui.downBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)self.ui.leftBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)self.ui.lightOffBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)self.ui.lightOnBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)self.ui.rightBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)self.ui.rotateBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)self.ui.stopBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)self.ui.trackOffBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)self.ui.trackOnBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)self.ui.upBtn.clicked.connect(self.contorl_btn_slot)def contorl_btn_slot(self):if not self.bp:QMessageBox.warning(self, "蓝牙未连接", "请先连接蓝牙")returnsender = self.sender()if sender is self.ui.buzzerOnBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x01")elif sender is self.ui.distanceBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x02")elif sender is self.ui.downBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x03")elif sender is self.ui.leftBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x04")elif sender is self.ui.lightOffBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x05")elif sender is self.ui.lightOnBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x06")elif sender is self.ui.rightBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x07")elif sender is self.ui.rotateBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x08")elif sender is self.ui.stopBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x09")elif sender is self.ui.trackOffBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x0a")elif sender is self.ui.trackOnBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x0b")elif sender is self.ui.upBtn:res,msg = self.bd.send_data(b"\x0c")if res:QMessageBox.information(self, '提示', msg)else:QMessageBox.warning(self, '警告', msg)def update_connection_signal_slot(self):self.ui.connectBtn.setText("已连接")self.ui.connectBtn.setIcon(QIcon(":/icon/disc"))def receive_data_signal_slot(self, data):QMessageBox.information(self, '提示', f'接收到数据:{data}')def refresh_signal_slot(self):if len(self.device_list)>0:for addr,bluetooth in self.device_list:self.ui.comboBox.addItem(bluetooth)def refreshBtn_slot(self):# 如果在刷新前有数据，清空下拉列表，否则会增加多倍数据在下拉框中导致索引超出if self.device_list:self.ui.comboBox.clear()self.device_list = []'''刷新按钮槽函数定义'''# 刷新很耗时间，需要开子线程处理，否则页面卡死t = threading.Thread(target=self.refreshBtn_subthread,daemon=True)t.start()def refreshBtn_subthread(self):'''搜索蓝牙并展示在选择下拉列表中'''self.device_list = BluetoothDataTransfer.scan_devices()# 展示在下拉列表中需要用到信号，子线程中无法直接更新ui页面，会报错print(self.device_list)# 发送信号self.refresh_signal.emit()def connectBtn_slot(self):if self.bd:self.bd.disconnect()self.bd = []self.ui.connectBtn.setText("连接蓝牙")self.ui.connectBtn.setIcon(QIcon(":/icon/connect"))return'''连接蓝牙按钮槽函数定义'''# 连接很耗时间，需要开子线程处理，否则页面卡死t = threading.Thread(target=self.connectBtn_subthread,daemon=True)t.start()def connectBtn_subthread(self):# 获取蓝牙选项index = self.ui.comboBox.currentIndex()address = self.device_list[index][0]name = self.ui.comboBox.currentText()# 连接蓝牙self.bd = BluetoothDataTransfer(address, name)  # 替换为目标设备的蓝牙地址和端口号flag = self.bd.connect()print(flag)if not flag:return# 更新蓝牙连接状态文字和图标self.update_connection_signal.emit()# 开始接受数据while True:data = self.bd.receive_data(1024)if data:# 发送数据到页面弹窗显示print(data)#self.receive_data_signal.emit(data)if __name__ == '__main__':app = QApplication(sys.argv)widget = BleControlWidget()widget.show()sys.exit(app.exec_())
driver_bluetooth.py（来自开源工具）
import bluetooth# 扫描所有设备
class BluetoothDataTransfer:def __init__(self, target_address, target_name, port=1):self.target_address = target_addressself.target_name = target_nameself.port = portself.socket = Nonedef connect(self):"""连接蓝牙设备:return:"""try:self.socket = bluetooth.BluetoothSocket(bluetooth.RFCOMM)self.socket.connect((self.target_address, self.port))print("Connected successfully. {} ({})".format(self.target_name, self.target_address))return Trueexcept (bluetooth.BluetoothError, OSError) as e:self.socket = Noneprint("Connection failed:", str(e))return Falsedef disconnect(self):"""断开蓝牙连接:return:"""if self.socket is not None:self.socket.close()print("Disconnected.")def send_data(self, data):"""发送数据:param data::return:"""if self.socket is not None:try:self.socket.send(data)print("Data sent:", data)return True,"sent succeed"except bluetooth.BluetoothError as e:print("Failed to send data:", str(e))return False,str(e)else:print("Not connected.")return False,"Not connected."def receive_data(self, buffer_size=2048):"""接收数据:param buffer_size::return:"""if self.socket is None:print("Not connected.")returntry:data = self.socket.recv(buffer_size)# print("Data received:", data.decode())return dataexcept bluetooth.BluetoothError as e:print("Failed to receive data:", str(e))@staticmethoddef scan_devices():"""扫描所有蓝牙设备:return:"""devices = bluetooth.discover_devices()print("Scanning devices...")device_list = []for addr in devices:name = bluetooth.lookup_name(addr)print("Found device:", name, "(", addr, ")")device_list.append((addr, name))return device_listif __name__ == '__main__':# print("=========================================开始扫描")# devices = BluetoothDataTransfer.scan_devices()# for device in devices:#     print(device)# print("=========================================结束扫描")# 示例用法bd = BluetoothDataTransfer("FA:34:0A:92:71:42", 'JDY-33-SPP-kkkkkkk')  # 替换为目标设备的蓝牙地址和端口号flag = bd.connect()print(flag)if flag:# bd.send_data("Hello, Bluetooth!")  # 发送数据bd.send_data(b"\x12")  # 发送数据recv_data = bd.receive_data()  # 接收数据print("接收到的数据:", recv_data)bd.disconnect()
Ui_ble_control_widget.py（由QT页面编译而成）
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'c:\Users\Windows10\Desktop\02上课代码步骤\小车实战 copy\ui\ble_control_widget.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.9
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgetsclass Ui_BleControlWidget(object):def setupUi(self, BleControlWidget):BleControlWidget.setObjectName("BleControlWidget")BleControlWidget.resize(411, 276)self.verticalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(BleControlWidget)self.verticalLayout_2.setObjectName("verticalLayout_2")self.setLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()self.setLayout.setObjectName("setLayout")self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(BleControlWidget)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(10)font.setBold(True)font.setWeight(75)self.label.setFont(font)self.label.setObjectName("label")self.setLayout.addWidget(self.label)self.comboBox = QtWidgets.QComboBox(BleControlWidget)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Preferred, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.comboBox.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.comboBox.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)self.comboBox.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(0, 25))self.comboBox.setObjectName("comboBox")self.setLayout.addWidget(self.comboBox)self.refreshBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(BleControlWidget)self.refreshBtn.setText("")icon = QtGui.QIcon()icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap(":/icon/refresh"), QtGui.QIcon.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.Off)self.refreshBtn.setIcon(icon)self.refreshBtn.setFlat(True)self.refreshBtn.setObjectName("refreshBtn")self.setLayout.addWidget(self.refreshBtn)self.connectBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(BleControlWidget)icon1 = QtGui.QIcon()icon1.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap(":/icon/connect"), QtGui.QIcon.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.Off)self.connectBtn.setIcon(icon1)self.connectBtn.setObjectName("connectBtn")self.setLayout.addWidget(self.connectBtn)self.setLayout.setStretch(0, 1)self.setLayout.setStretch(1, 4)self.setLayout.setStretch(2, 1)self.setLayout.setStretch(3, 2)self.verticalLayout_2.addLayout(self.setLayout)self.frame = QtWidgets.QFrame(BleControlWidget)self.frame.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel)self.frame.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised)self.frame.setObjectName("frame")self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.frame)self.verticalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)self.verticalLayout.setSpacing(0)self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")self.btnLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()self.btnLayout.setSpacing(10)self.btnLayout.setObjectName("btnLayout")self.lightOnBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.lightOnBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.lightOnBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.lightOnBtn.setFont(font)self.lightOnBtn.setObjectName("lightOnBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.lightOnBtn, 4, 0, 1, 1)self.upBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.upBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.upBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.upBtn.setFont(font)self.upBtn.setObjectName("upBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.upBtn, 0, 1, 1, 1)self.stopBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.stopBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.stopBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.stopBtn.setFont(font)self.stopBtn.setObjectName("stopBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.stopBtn, 2, 1, 1, 1)self.leftBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.leftBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.leftBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.leftBtn.setFont(font)self.leftBtn.setObjectName("leftBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.leftBtn, 2, 0, 1, 1)self.rotateBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.rotateBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.rotateBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.rotateBtn.setFont(font)self.rotateBtn.setObjectName("rotateBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.rotateBtn, 5, 1, 1, 1)self.downBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.downBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.downBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.downBtn.setFont(font)self.downBtn.setObjectName("downBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.downBtn, 4, 1, 1, 1)self.lightOffBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.lightOffBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.lightOffBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.lightOffBtn.setFont(font)self.lightOffBtn.setObjectName("lightOffBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.lightOffBtn, 4, 2, 1, 1)self.trackOffBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.trackOffBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.trackOffBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.trackOffBtn.setFont(font)self.trackOffBtn.setObjectName("trackOffBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.trackOffBtn, 5, 2, 1, 1)self.trackOnBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.trackOnBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.trackOnBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.trackOnBtn.setFont(font)self.trackOnBtn.setObjectName("trackOnBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.trackOnBtn, 5, 0, 1, 1)self.rightBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.rightBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.rightBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.rightBtn.setFont(font)self.rightBtn.setObjectName("rightBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.rightBtn, 2, 2, 1, 1)self.distanceBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Minimum, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.distanceBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.distanceBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.distanceBtn.setFont(font)self.distanceBtn.setObjectName("distanceBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.distanceBtn, 0, 2, 1, 1)self.buzzerOnBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.frame)sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.buzzerOnBtn.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())self.buzzerOnBtn.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)font = QtGui.QFont()font.setFamily("Agency FB")font.setPointSize(22)self.buzzerOnBtn.setFont(font)self.buzzerOnBtn.setObjectName("buzzerOnBtn")self.btnLayout.addWidget(self.buzzerOnBtn, 0, 0, 1, 1)self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.btnLayout)self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.frame)self.verticalLayout_2.setStretch(0, 1)self.verticalLayout_2.setStretch(1, 3)self.retranslateUi(BleControlWidget)QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(BleControlWidget)def retranslateUi(self, BleControlWidget):_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translateBleControlWidget.setWindowTitle(_translate("BleControlWidget", "小车蓝牙控制器"))self.label.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "蓝牙选择："))self.connectBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "连接蓝牙"))self.lightOnBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "开灯"))self.upBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "上"))self.stopBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "停止"))self.leftBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "左"))self.rotateBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "旋转"))self.downBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "下"))self.lightOffBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "关灯"))self.trackOffBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "关寻迹"))self.trackOnBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "开寻迹"))self.rightBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "右"))self.distanceBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "测距"))self.buzzerOnBtn.setText(_translate("BleControlWidget", "开喇叭"))
from ui import resource_rc

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