C# VS2022+WinForm+Oracle19.3+Excel，根据数据库表定义书生成SQL-编程知识

目标：

用Excel写数据库的表的定义书，用该工具生成SQL，在客户端执行，把表结构导入数据库，生成真正的表

Github代码下载

- 0.完成下面开发环境的准备
- - 1 操作系统Win11 专业版 21H2
  - 2 oracle 19.3
  - 3 Visual Studio Community 2022
  - 4 数据库表定义书参照样式
- 1 C#工程准备
- - 1.1 新建工程
  - 1.2 Form1添加控件
- 2 添加代码
- - 2.1 button1_Click事件
  - 2.2 button2_Click事件
  - 2.3 button3_Click事件
  - 2.4 添加ColumnObject类
  - 2.5 添加共通方法，目的是实现“读入Excel到DataSet中”
- 3 画面启动，测试结果
- - 3.1 生成如下的SQL文件
  - 3.2 SQL文件（T_PLAYER_PICTURES.SQL）内容如下
  - 3.3 最终生成的表结构

0.完成下面开发环境的准备

1 操作系统Win11 专业版 21H2

2 oracle 19.3

下载和安装手顺：https://blog.csdn.net/u011159350/article/details/125432921

3 Visual Studio Community 2022

下载地址：https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/zh-hans/vs/community/
下载后双击，选择下面两项，并安装

4 数据库表定义书参照样式

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1 C#工程准备

1.1 新建工程

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创建完工程后，如果显示0项目（Form1.cs的设计窗口不能显示，只显示代码），可能是Donet的环境变量出问题了，可以尝试下面的方案解决
VS2022中解决方案显示0项目 | 找不到指定的SDK“Microsoft.NET.Sdk”
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1.2 Form1添加控件

添加Label控件：
label1.Text = Oracle数据库定义书文件路径：
label2.Text = SQL文件生成的文件夹路径：
追加textBox1
追加textBox2
button1.Text = 选择
button2.Text = 选择
button3.Text = 运行（生成SQL）
调整一下Form1窗口大小
Form1的FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.FixedToolWindow
Form1的StartPosition = FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;
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2 添加代码

2.1 button1_Click事件

双击button1，添加Click事件的内容

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog();openFileDialog.Title = "请选择文件";openFileDialog.Filter = "Excel文件(*.xlsx)|*.xlsx|所有文件(*.*)|*.*";openFileDialog.FilterIndex = 1;openFileDialog.Multiselect = false;if (openFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){textBox1.Text = openFileDialog.FileName;// 假设你的TextBox控件名为textBox1textBox1.SelectionStart = textBox1.Text.Length;textBox1.SelectionLength = 0; // 设置选择长度为0，表示没有文字被选中textBox1.Focus(); // 设置焦点到textBox1}}

2.2 button2_Click事件

双击button2，添加Click事件的内容

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){FolderBrowserDialog folderBrowserDialog = new FolderBrowserDialog();folderBrowserDialog.Description = "请选择文件夹";if (folderBrowserDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){textBox2.Text = folderBrowserDialog.SelectedPath;// 假设你的TextBox控件名为textBox1textBox2.SelectionStart = textBox2.Text.Length;textBox2.SelectionLength = 0; // 设置选择长度为0，表示没有文字被选中textBox2.Focus(); // 设置焦点到textBox1}}

2.3 button3_Click事件

双击button3，添加Click事件的内容

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){try{string talbedesignbookpath = textBox1.Text;string sqlpath = textBox2.Text;DirectoryInfo directoryInfo = new DirectoryInfo(sqlpath);if (!directoryInfo.Exists){directoryInfo.Create();}DataSet ds = this.ReadExcelToDataSet(talbedesignbookpath);foreach (DataTable dt in ds.Tables){if (dt.TableName.Contains("$_xlnm#Print_Area")){string tableid = dt.Rows[1][2].ToString();string tablename = dt.Rows[2][2].ToString();FileInfo file = new FileInfo(sqlpath + "\\" + tableid + ".SQL");using (StreamWriter sw = file.CreateText()){sw.WriteLine("/*");sw.WriteLine("-- 作成表的中文名：" + tablename);sw.WriteLine("-- 作成表的英文名：" + tableid);sw.WriteLine("-- 作成组织：无");sw.WriteLine("-- 作成日期：" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy/MM/dd"));sw.WriteLine("-- 作成者：烟图黛螺");sw.WriteLine("-- 修改历史：" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy/MM/dd") + " 烟图黛螺 新建文件");sw.WriteLine("*/");sw.WriteLine("");sw.WriteLine("------- 永久删除表，不进入回收站 ----------");sw.WriteLine("DROP TABLE " + tableid + " PURGE;");sw.WriteLine("/");sw.WriteLine("");sw.WriteLine("------- 创建表 ----------");sw.WriteLine("CREATE TABLE " + tableid + " (");int maxcolumnidlen = 0;List<ColumnObject> ColumnObjectList = new List<ColumnObject>();for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++){if (dt.Rows[i][3] == null || dt.Rows[i][3].ToString().Trim().Length == 0){continue;}if (i >= 4){ColumnObject columnObject = new ColumnObject();// 列汉字名if (dt.Rows[i][2] != null && dt.Rows[i][2].ToString().Trim().Length > 0){string columnname = dt.Rows[i][2].ToString();columnObject.Columnname = columnname;}// 列英文名if (dt.Rows[i][3] != null && dt.Rows[i][3].ToString().Trim().Length > 0){string columnid = dt.Rows[i][3].ToString();columnObject.Columnid = columnid;if (columnid.Length > maxcolumnidlen){maxcolumnidlen = columnid.Length;}}// 主键if (dt.Rows[i][4] != null && dt.Rows[i][4].ToString().Trim().Length > 0){string columnkey = dt.Rows[i][4].ToString();columnObject.Columnkey = columnkey;}// 是否非空if (dt.Rows[i][5] != null && dt.Rows[i][5].ToString().Trim().Length > 0){string columnnullable = dt.Rows[i][5].ToString();columnObject.Columnnullable = columnnullable;}// 类型if (dt.Rows[i][6] != null && dt.Rows[i][6].ToString().Trim().Length > 0){string columntype = dt.Rows[i][6].ToString();columnObject.Columntype = columntype;}// 整数位if (dt.Rows[i][7] != null && dt.Rows[i][7].ToString().Trim().Length > 0){string columninteger = dt.Rows[i][7].ToString();columnObject.Columninteger = columninteger;}// 小数位if (dt.Rows[i][8] != null && dt.Rows[i][8].ToString().Trim().Length > 0){string columnxiaoshu = dt.Rows[i][8].ToString();columnObject.Columnxiaoshu = columnxiaoshu;}// 默认值if (dt.Rows[i][9] != null && dt.Rows[i][9].ToString().Trim().Length > 0){string columndefault = dt.Rows[i][9].ToString();columnObject.Columndefault = columndefault;}// 约束条件if (dt.Rows[i][10] != null && dt.Rows[i][10].ToString().Trim().Length > 0){string columncheck = dt.Rows[i][10].ToString();columnObject.Columncheck = columncheck;}ColumnObjectList.Add(columnObject);}}// 创建表int index = 0;string line = string.Empty;foreach (ColumnObject co in ColumnObjectList){line = string.Empty;if (co.Columnid == null || co.Columnid.Length == 0){continue;}if (index == 0){line = line + "     " + co.Columnid.PadRight(maxcolumnidlen + 5);}else{line = line + "    ," + co.Columnid.PadRight(maxcolumnidlen + 5);}if (co.Columntype == "VARCHAR2"){line = line + " VARCHAR2(" + co.Columninteger + " CHAR)";}else if (co.Columntype == "NUMBER"){if (co.Columnxiaoshu == null || co.Columnxiaoshu.Length == 0){line = line + " NUMBER(" + co.Columninteger + ",0)";}else{line = line + " NUMBER(" + co.Columninteger + "," + co.Columnxiaoshu + ")";}}else if (co.Columntype == "DATE"){line = line + " DATE";}if (co.Columndefault != null && co.Columndefault.Length > 0){line = line + " DEFAULT " + co.Columndefault;}if (co.Columnnullable != null && co.Columnnullable.Length > 0){line = line + " NOT NULL";}sw.WriteLine(line);index = index + 1;}if (index >= 1){sw.WriteLine(");");sw.WriteLine("/");sw.WriteLine("");}// 添加触发器sw.WriteLine("------- 添加触发器 ----------");sw.WriteLine("CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRG_" + tableid + " BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON " + tableid + " FOR EACH ROW");sw.WriteLine("DECLARE");sw.WriteLine("    LV_USER VARCHAR2(64 CHAR);");sw.WriteLine("    LV_CLIENTID VARCHAR2(64 CHAR);");sw.WriteLine("    LV_PROGRAMNAME VARCHAR2(50 CHAR);");sw.WriteLine("    LV_TERMINALINAL VARCHAR2(50 CHAR);");sw.WriteLine("BEGIN");sw.WriteLine("    LV_USER := SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_USER');");sw.WriteLine("    LV_CLIENTID:= SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CLIENT_INFO');");sw.WriteLine("    LV_PROGRAMNAME:= SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CLIENT_PROGRAM_NAME');");sw.WriteLine("    LV_TERMINALINAL:= SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'TERMINAL');");sw.WriteLine("");sw.WriteLine("    IF NOT LV_CLIENTID IS NULL");sw.WriteLine("        AND LENGTH(LV_CLIENTID) > 0");sw.WriteLine("    THEN");sw.WriteLine("        IF INSTR(LV_CLIENTID, ',') > 0");sw.WriteLine("        THEN");sw.WriteLine("            LV_USER := SUBSTR(LV_CLIENTID, 1, INSTR(LV_CLIENTID, ',') - 1);");sw.WriteLine("            LV_PROGRAMNAME:= SUBSTR(LV_CLIENTID, INSTR(LV_CLIENTID, ',') + 1);");sw.WriteLine("");sw.WriteLine("            IF INSTR(LV_PROGRAMNAME, ',') > 0");sw.WriteLine("            THEN");sw.WriteLine("                LV_TERMINALINAL := SUBSTR(LV_PROGRAMNAME, INSTR(LV_PROGRAMNAME, ',') + 1);");sw.WriteLine("                LV_PROGRAMNAME:= SUBSTR(LV_PROGRAMNAME, 1, INSTR(LV_PROGRAMNAME, ',') - 1);");sw.WriteLine("            END IF;");sw.WriteLine("        ELSE");sw.WriteLine("            LV_USER := LV_CLIENTID;");sw.WriteLine("        END IF;");sw.WriteLine("    ELSE");sw.WriteLine("        LV_USER := LV_USER || ',' || LV_PROGRAMNAME;");sw.WriteLine("    END IF;");sw.WriteLine("");sw.WriteLine("    IF INSERTING");sw.WriteLine("    THEN");sw.WriteLine("        : new.INSTID := LV_USER;");sw.WriteLine("        :new.INSTDT := sysdate;");sw.WriteLine("        :new.INSTTERM := LV_TERMINALINAL;");sw.WriteLine("        :new.INSTPRGNM := LV_PROGRAMNAME;");sw.WriteLine("    END IF;");sw.WriteLine("");sw.WriteLine("    IF INSERTING OR UPDATING");sw.WriteLine("    THEN");sw.WriteLine("        : new.UPDTID := LV_USER;");sw.WriteLine("        :new.UPDTDT := sysdate;");sw.WriteLine("        :new.UPDTTERM := LV_TERMINALINAL;");sw.WriteLine("        :new.UPDTPRGNM := LV_PROGRAMNAME;");sw.WriteLine("    END IF;");sw.WriteLine("END;");sw.WriteLine("/");sw.WriteLine("");// 添加主键索引sw.WriteLine("-------添加主键索引----------");index = 0;line = "ALTER TABLE " + tableid + " ADD CONSTRAINT PK_" + tableid + " PRIMARY KEY (";foreach (ColumnObject co in ColumnObjectList){if (co.Columnkey != null && co.Columnkey.Length > 0){if (index == 0){line = line + co.Columnid;}else{line = line + "," + co.Columnid;}index = index + 1;}}line = line + ");";if (index >= 1){sw.WriteLine(line);sw.WriteLine("/");sw.WriteLine("");}// 添加约束条件sw.WriteLine("------- 添加约束条件 ----------");foreach (ColumnObject co in ColumnObjectList){if (co.Columncheck != null && co.Columncheck.Length > 0){line = "ALTER TABLE " + tableid + " ADD CONSTRAINT CHECK_" + tableid + "_" + co.Columnid + "_1 CHECK(" + co.Columncheck + ");";sw.WriteLine(line);sw.WriteLine("/");}}sw.WriteLine("");// 添加表和列名的注释sw.WriteLine("------- 添加表和列名的注释 ----------");line = "COMMENT ON TABLE " + tableid + " IS '" + tablename + "';";sw.WriteLine(line);sw.WriteLine("/");foreach (ColumnObject co in ColumnObjectList){line = "COMMENT ON COLUMN " + tableid + "." + co.Columnid + " IS '" + co.Columnname + "';";sw.WriteLine(line);sw.WriteLine("/");}}}}MessageBox.Show(sqlpath + Environment.NewLine + "SQL文件生成完了");}catch (Exception ex){MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());}}

2.4 添加ColumnObject类

在namespace WindowsFormsApp2下添加如下的代码

    public class ColumnObject{// 列汉字名private string columnname;// 列英文名private string columnid;// 主键private string columnkey;// 是否非空private string columnnullable;// 类型private string columntype;// 整数位private string columninteger;// 小数位private string columnxiaoshu;// 默认值private string columndefault;// 约束条件private string columncheck;public string Columnname { get => columnname; set => columnname = value; }public string Columnid { get => columnid; set => columnid = value; }public string Columnkey { get => columnkey; set => columnkey = value; }public string Columnnullable { get => columnnullable; set => columnnullable = value; }public string Columntype { get => columntype; set => columntype = value; }public string Columninteger { get => columninteger; set => columninteger = value; }public string Columnxiaoshu { get => columnxiaoshu; set => columnxiaoshu = value; }public string Columndefault { get => columndefault; set => columndefault = value; }public string Columncheck { get => columncheck; set => columncheck = value; }}

2.5 添加共通方法，目的是实现“读入Excel到DataSet中”

在Form1下边添加下面的方法和button1_Click同一层

        private DataSet ReadExcelToDataSet(string path){//连接字符串/* 备注：添加 IMEX=1 表示将所有列当做字符串读取，实际应该不是这样，系统默认会查看前8行如果有字符串，则该列会识别为字符串列。如果前8行都是数字，则还是会识别为数字列，日期也一样；如果你觉得8行不够或者太多了，则只能修改注册表HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/Software/Microsoft/Jet/4.0/Engines/Excel/TypeGuessRows，如果此值为0，则会根据所有行来判断使用什么类型，通常不建议这麽做，除非你的数据量确实比较少*/string connstring = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + path + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;IMEX=1';";using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(connstring)){conn.Open();DataTable sheetsName = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "Table" });//存放所有的sheetDataSet set = new DataSet();for (int i = 0; i < sheetsName.Rows.Count; i++){string sheetName = sheetsName.Rows[i][2].ToString();string sql = string.Format("SELECT * FROM [{0}]", sheetName);OleDbDataAdapter ada = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, connstring);ada.Fill(set);set.Tables[i].TableName = sheetName;}return set;}}

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搜索Excel，选择“Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel”并安装

搜索“oledb”，选择并安装“System.Data.OleDb”

然后Form.cs的using部分，修改为如下内容

using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
using Microsoft.VisualBasic;
using Microsoft.VisualBasic.ApplicationServices;
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Diagnostics.Metrics;
using System.Drawing;
using DataTable = System.Data.DataTable;

3 画面启动，测试结果

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3.1 生成如下的SQL文件

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3.2 SQL文件（T_PLAYER_PICTURES.SQL）内容如下

/*
-- 作成表的中文名：选手定妆照表
-- 作成表的英文名：T_PLAYLER_PICTURES
-- 作成组织：无
-- 作成日期：2024/02/15
-- 作成者：烟图黛螺
-- 修改历史：2024/02/15 烟图黛螺 新建文件
*/------- 永久删除表，不进入回收站 ----------
DROP TABLE T_PLAYLER_PICTURES PURGE;
/------- 创建表 ----------
CREATE TABLE T_PLAYLER_PICTURES (INSTID         VARCHAR2(64 CHAR) NOT NULL,INSTDT         DATE NOT NULL,INSTTERM       VARCHAR2(50 CHAR) NOT NULL,INSTPRGNM      VARCHAR2(50 CHAR) NOT NULL,UPDTID         VARCHAR2(64 CHAR) NOT NULL,UPDTDT         DATE NOT NULL,UPDTTERM       VARCHAR2(50 CHAR) NOT NULL,UPDTPRGNM      VARCHAR2(50 CHAR) NOT NULL,PICTURENO      VARCHAR2(20 CHAR) NOT NULL,NUM            NUMBER(3,0) DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL,MEMBER_ID      VARCHAR2(5 CHAR) NOT NULL,PICURL         VARCHAR2(100 CHAR) NOT NULL,USEKBN         VARCHAR2(1 CHAR) DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL
);
/------- 添加触发器 ----------
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRG_T_PLAYLER_PICTURES BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON T_PLAYLER_PICTURES FOR EACH ROW
DECLARELV_USER VARCHAR2(64 CHAR);LV_CLIENTID VARCHAR2(64 CHAR);LV_PROGRAMNAME VARCHAR2(50 CHAR);LV_TERMINALINAL VARCHAR2(50 CHAR);
BEGINLV_USER := SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_USER');LV_CLIENTID:= SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CLIENT_INFO');LV_PROGRAMNAME:= SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CLIENT_PROGRAM_NAME');LV_TERMINALINAL:= SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'TERMINAL');IF NOT LV_CLIENTID IS NULLAND LENGTH(LV_CLIENTID) > 0THENIF INSTR(LV_CLIENTID, ',') > 0THENLV_USER := SUBSTR(LV_CLIENTID, 1, INSTR(LV_CLIENTID, ',') - 1);LV_PROGRAMNAME:= SUBSTR(LV_CLIENTID, INSTR(LV_CLIENTID, ',') + 1);IF INSTR(LV_PROGRAMNAME, ',') > 0THENLV_TERMINALINAL := SUBSTR(LV_PROGRAMNAME, INSTR(LV_PROGRAMNAME, ',') + 1);LV_PROGRAMNAME:= SUBSTR(LV_PROGRAMNAME, 1, INSTR(LV_PROGRAMNAME, ',') - 1);END IF;ELSELV_USER := LV_CLIENTID;END IF;ELSELV_USER := LV_USER || ',' || LV_PROGRAMNAME;END IF;IF INSERTINGTHEN: new.INSTID := LV_USER;:new.INSTDT := sysdate;:new.INSTTERM := LV_TERMINALINAL;:new.INSTPRGNM := LV_PROGRAMNAME;END IF;IF INSERTING OR UPDATINGTHEN: new.UPDTID := LV_USER;:new.UPDTDT := sysdate;:new.UPDTTERM := LV_TERMINALINAL;:new.UPDTPRGNM := LV_PROGRAMNAME;END IF;
END;
/-------添加主键索引----------
ALTER TABLE T_PLAYLER_PICTURES ADD CONSTRAINT PK_T_PLAYLER_PICTURES PRIMARY KEY (PICTURENO);
/------- 添加约束条件 ----------
ALTER TABLE T_PLAYLER_PICTURES ADD CONSTRAINT CHECK_T_PLAYLER_PICTURES_NUM_1 CHECK(NUM >= 1);
/
ALTER TABLE T_PLAYLER_PICTURES ADD CONSTRAINT CHECK_T_PLAYLER_PICTURES_USEKBN_1 CHECK(USEKBN IN (0,1));
/------- 添加表和列名的注释 ----------
COMMENT ON TABLE T_PLAYLER_PICTURES IS '选手定妆照表';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.INSTID IS '登陆者名';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.INSTDT IS '登陆时间';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.INSTTERM IS '登陆客户端名';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.INSTPRGNM IS '登陆程序名';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.UPDTID IS '更新者名';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.UPDTDT IS '更新时间';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.UPDTTERM IS '更新客户端名';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.UPDTPRGNM IS '更新程序名';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.PICTURENO IS '定妆照编号';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.NUM IS '连番';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.MEMBER_ID IS '人员ID';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.PICURL IS '选手照图片地址';
/
COMMENT ON COLUMN T_PLAYLER_PICTURES.USEKBN IS '背景作用';
/