目录
类功能
类定义
类实现
编译测试
源码路标
类功能
类定义
// HttpServer模块功能设计
class HttpServer
{
private:using Handler = std::function<void(const HttpRequest &, HttpResponse &)>;std::unordered_map<std::string, Handler> _get_route;std::unordered_map<std::string, Handler> _post_route;std::unordered_map<std::string, Handler> _put_route;std::unordered_map<std::string, Handler> _delete_route;std::string _basedir; // 静态资源根目录TcpServer _server;private:void WriteReponse(); // 将HttpResponse中的要素按照http协议格式进行组织,发生void FileHandler(); // 静态资源请求void Dispatcher(); // 功能性请求的分类处理(即查找请求)void Route();void OnConnected(); // 设置上下文void OnMessage(); // 缓冲区数据解析+处理public:HttpServer();void SetBaseDir(const std::string &path);void Get(const std::string &pattern, Handler &handler);void Post(const std::string &pattern, Handler &handler);void Put(const std::string &pattern, Handler &handler);void Delete(const std::string &pattern, Handler &handler);void SetThreadCount(int count);void EnableInactiveRelease(int timeout);void Listen();
};类实现
// HttpServer模块功能设计
class HttpServer
{
private:using Handler = std::function<void(const HttpRequest &, HttpResponse *)>;using Handlers = std::vector<std::pair<std::regex, Handler>>; // 存储编译完之后的正则表达式Handlers _get_route;Handlers _post_route;Handlers _put_route;Handlers _delete_route;std::string _basedir; // 静态资源根目录TcpServer _server;private:void ErrorHandler(const HttpRequest &req, HttpResponse *rsp){// 1. 组织一个错误展示页面std::string body;body += "<html>";body += "<head>";body += "<meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html;charset=utf-8'>";body += "</head>";body += "<body>";body += "<h1>";body += std::to_string(rsp->_statu);body += " ";body += Util::StatuDesc(rsp->_statu);body += "</h1>";body += "</body>";body += "</html>";// 2. 将页面数据,当作响应正文,放入rsp中rsp->SetContent(body, "text/html");}// 将HttpResponse中的要素按照http协议格式进行组织,发送void WriteReponse(const PtrConnection &conn, const HttpRequest &req, HttpResponse &rsp){// 1. 先完善头部if (req.Close() == true){rsp.SetHeader("Connection", "close");}else{rsp.SetHeader("Connection", "keep-alive");}if (rsp._body.empty() == false && rsp.HasHeader("Content-Length") == false){rsp.SetHeader("Content-Length", std::to_string(rsp._body.size()));}if (rsp._body.empty() == false && rsp.HasHeader("Content-Type") == false){rsp.SetHeader("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");}if (rsp._redirect_flag == true){rsp.SetHeader("Location", rsp._redirect_url);}// 2. 将rsp中的要素,按照http协议格式进行组织std::stringstream rsp_str;rsp_str << req._version << " " << std::to_string(rsp._statu) << " " << Util::StatuDesc(rsp._statu) << "\r\n";for (auto &head : rsp._headers){rsp_str << head.first << ": " << head.second << "\r\n";}rsp_str << "\r\n";rsp_str << rsp._body;// 3. 发送数据conn->Send(rsp_str.str().c_str(), rsp_str.str().size());}bool IsFileHandler(const HttpRequest &req){// 1. 必须设置了静态资源根目录if (_basedir.empty())return false;// 2. 请求方法,必须是GET / HEAD请求方法if (req._method != "GET" && req._method != "HEAD")return false;// 3. 请求的资源路径必须是一个合法路径if (Util::ValidPath(req._path) == false)return false;// 4. 请求的资源必须存在,且是一个普通文件// 有一种请求比较特殊 -- 目录：/, /image/， 这种情况给后边默认追加一个 index.html// index.html /image/a.png// 不要忘了前缀的相对根目录,也就是将请求路径转换为实际存在的路径 /image/a.png -> ./wwwroot/image/a.pngstd::string req_path = _basedir + req._path; // 为了避免直接修改请求的资源路径,因此定义一个临时对象if (req._path.back() == '/'){req_path += "index.html";}if (Util::IsRegular(req_path) == false)return false;return true;}// 静态资源的请求处理 -- 将静态资源文件的数据读取出来,放到rsp的_body中,并设置mimevoid FileHandler(const HttpRequest &req, HttpResponse *rsp){std::string req_path = _basedir + req._path;if (req._path.back() == '/'){req_path += "index.html";}bool ret = Util::ReadFile(req_path, &rsp->_body);if (ret == false)return;std::string mime = Util::ExtMime(req_path);rsp->SetHeader("Content-Type", mime);return;}// 功能性请求的分类处理(即查找请求)void Dispatcher(HttpRequest &req, HttpResponse *rsp, Handlers &handlers){// 在对应请求方法的路由表中,查找是否含有对应资源请求的处理函数,有则调用,没有则发送404// 思想:路由表存储的是键值对 -- 正则表达式 & 处理函数// 使用正则表达式,对请求的资源路径进行正则匹配,匹配成功就使用对应函数进行处理// /numbers/(\d+) /numbers/12345for (auto &handler : handlers){const std::regex &re = handler.first;const Handler &functor = handler.second;bool ret = std::regex_match(req._path, req._matches, re);if (ret == false)continue;return functor(req, rsp); // 传入请求信息,和空的rsp,执行处理函数}rsp->_statu = 404;}void Route(HttpRequest &req, HttpResponse *rsp){// 1. 对请求进行分辨,是一个静态资源请求,还是一个功能性请求// 静态资源请求,则进行静态资源的处理// 功能性请求,则需要通过几个请求路由表来确定是否有处理函数// 既不是静态资源请求,也没有设置对应的功能性请求处理函数,就返回404if (IsFileHandler(req) == true){// 是一个静态资源请求return FileHandler(req, rsp);}if (req._method == "GET" || req._method == "HEAD"){return Dispatcher(req, rsp, _get_route); // 两种请求方法类似}else if (req._method == "POST"){return Dispatcher(req, rsp, _post_route);}else if (req._method == "PUT"){return Dispatcher(req, rsp, _put_route);}else if (req._method == "DELETE"){return Dispatcher(req, rsp, _delete_route);}rsp->_statu = 405; // Method Not Allowedreturn;}// 设置上下文void OnConnected(const PtrConnection &conn){conn->SetContext(HttpContext());DBG_LOG("NEW CONNECTION %p", conn.get());}// 缓冲区数据解析+处理void OnMessage(const PtrConnection &conn, Buffer *buffer){while (buffer->ReadAbleSize() > 0){// 1. 获取上下文HttpContext *context = conn->GetContext()->get<HttpContext>();// 2. 通过上下文对缓冲区数据进行解析,得到HttpRequest对象// 2.1 如果缓冲区的数据解析出错,就直接回复出错响应// 2.2 如果解析正常,且请求已经获取完毕,才开始去进行处理context->RecvHttpRequest(buffer);HttpRequest &req = context->Request();HttpResponse rsp(context->RespStatu());if (context->RespStatu() >= 400){// 进行错误响应,关闭连接ErrorHandler(req, &rsp); // 填充一个错误显示页面数据到rsp中WriteReponse(conn, req, rsp);context->ReSet();buffer->MoveReadOffset(buffer->ReadAbleSize()); // 出错了就把缓冲区数据清空conn->Shutdown(); // 关闭连接return;}if (context->RecvStatu() != RECV_HTTP_OVER)return; // 当前请求还没有接收完整,则退出,等新数据到来再重新继续处理// 3. 请求路由 + 业务处理Route(req, &rsp);// 4. 对HttpResponse进行组织发送WriteReponse(conn, req, rsp);// 5. 重置上下文context->ReSet();// 6. 根据长短连接判断是否关闭连接或者继续处理if (rsp.Close() == true)conn->Shutdown(); // 短连接则直接关闭}return;}public:HttpServer(int port, int timeout = DEFALT_TIMEOUT) : _server(port){_server.EnableInactiveRelease(timeout);_server.SetConnectedCallback(std::bind(&HttpServer::OnConnected, this, std::placeholders::_1));_server.SetMessageCallback(std::bind(&HttpServer::OnMessage, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2));}void SetBaseDir(const std::string &path){_basedir = path;}// 设置/添加,请求(请求的正则表达式)与处理函数的映射关系void Get(const std::string &pattern, Handler &handler){_get_route.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));}void Post(const std::string &pattern, Handler &handler){_post_route.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));}void Put(const std::string &pattern, Handler &handler){_put_route.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));}void Delete(const std::string &pattern, Handler &handler){_delete_route.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));}void SetThreadCount(int count){_server.SetThreadCount(count);}void Listen(){_server.Start();}
};编译测试
未发现编译语法上的错误
源码路标
鉴于对前文进行了修正，所以特此将源码更新
#include "../server.hpp"
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <regex>#define DEFALT_TIMEOUT 30class Util
{
public:// 字符串分割函数static size_t Split(const std::string &src, const std::string &sep, std::vector<std::string> *arry){size_t offset = 0;// 有10个字符,offset是查找的起始位置,范围应该是0~9,offset==10就代表已经越界了,返回查找的位置while (offset < src.size()){size_t pos = src.find(sep, offset); // 在src字符串偏移量offset处,开始向后查找sep字符/子串,返回查找到的位置if (pos == std::string::npos) // 没有找到特定的字符{// 将剩余的部分当做一个子串,放入arry中if (pos == src.size())break;arry->push_back(src.substr(offset));return arry->size();}if (pos == offset){offset = pos + sep.size();continue; // 当前字符串是一个空串,没有内容}arry->push_back(src.substr(offset, pos - offset));offset = pos + sep.size();}return arry->size();}// 读取文件的所有内容,将读取到的内容放到一个容器中static bool ReadFile(const std::string &filename, std::string *buf){std::ifstream ifs(filename, std::ios::binary); // 以二进制的方式读取if (ifs.is_open() == false){printf("OPEN %s FILE FAILED!!", filename.c_str());return false;}size_t fsize = 0; // 偏移量ifs.seekg(0, ifs.end); // 跳转读写位置到末尾fsize = ifs.tellg(); // 获取当前读写位置相对于起始位置的偏移量,从末尾偏移量刚好就是文件大小ifs.seekg(0, ifs.beg); // 跳转到起始位置buf->resize(fsize); // 开辟文件大小的空间ifs.read(&(*buf)[0], fsize); // c_str()返回的是一个const,所以不行if (ifs.good() == false){printf("READ %s FILE FAILED!!", filename.c_str());ifs.close();return false;}ifs.close();return true;}// 向文件写入数据static bool WriteFile(const std::string &filename, const std::string &buf){std::ofstream ofs(filename, std::ios::binary | std::ios::trunc);if (ofs.is_open() == false){printf("OPEN %s FILE FAILED!!", filename.c_str());return false;}ofs.write(buf.c_str(), buf.size());if (ofs.good() == false){ERR_LOG("WRITE %s FILE FAILED!", filename.c_str());ofs.close();return false;}ofs.close();return true;}// URL编码，避免URL中资源路径与查询字符串中的特殊字符与HTTP请求中特殊字符产生歧义// 编码格式：将特殊字符的ascii值，转换为两个16进制字符，前缀% C++ -> C%2B%2B// 不编码的特殊字符： RFC3986文档规定 . - _ ~ 字母，数字属于绝对不编码字符// RFC3986文档规定，编码格式 %HH// W3C标准中规定，查询字符串中的空格，需要编码为+， 解码则是+转空格static std::string UrlEncode(const std::string url, bool convert_space_to_plus){std::string res;for (auto &c : url){if (c == '.' || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '~' || isalnum(c)){res += c;continue;}if (c == ' ' && convert_space_to_plus == true){res += '+';continue;}// 剩下的字符都是需要编码成为 %HH 格式char tmp[4] = {0};// snprintf 与 printf比较类似,都是格式化字符串,只不过一个是打印,一个是放到一块空间中snprintf(tmp, 4, "%%%02X", c);res += tmp;}return res;}static char HEXTOI(char c){if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')return c - '0';else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')return c - 'a' + 10; // 注意要加10,16进制中,字母a从11开始else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')return c - 'A' + 10;return -1;}// URL解码static std::string UrlDecode(const std::string url, bool convert_plus_to_space){// 遇到了%,则将紧随其后的2个字符,转换为数字,第一个数字左移4位,然后加上第二个数字// + ->2b %2b->2 << 4 + 11std::string res;for (int i = 0; i < url.size(); i++){if (url[i] == '+' && convert_plus_to_space == true){res += ' ';continue;}if (url[i] == '%'){char v1 = HEXTOI(url[i + 1]);char v2 = HEXTOI(url[i + 2]);char v = v1 * 16 + v2;i += 2;continue;}res += url[i];}return res;}// 响应状态码的描述信息获取static std::string StatuDesc(int statu){std::unordered_map<int, std::string> _statu_msg = {{100, "Continue"},{101, "Switching Protocol"},{102, "Processing"},{103, "Early Hints"},{200, "OK"},{201, "Created"},{202, "Accepted"},{203, "Non-Authoritative Information"},{204, "No Content"},{205, "Reset Content"},{206, "Partial Content"},{207, "Multi-Status"},{208, "Already Reported"},{226, "IM Used"},{300, "Multiple Choice"},{301, "Moved Permanently"},{302, "Found"},{303, "See Other"},{304, "Not Modified"},{305, "Use Proxy"},{306, "unused"},{307, "Temporary Redirect"},{308, "Permanent Redirect"},{400, "Bad Request"},{401, "Unauthorized"},{402, "Payment Required"},{403, "Forbidden"},{404, "Not Found"},{405, "Method Not Allowed"},{406, "Not Acceptable"},{407, "Proxy Authentication Required"},{408, "Request Timeout"},{409, "Conflict"},{410, "Gone"},{411, "Length Required"},{412, "Precondition Failed"},{413, "Payload Too Large"},{414, "URI Too Long"},{415, "Unsupported Media Type"},{416, "Range Not Satisfiable"},{417, "Expectation Failed"},{418, "I'm a teapot"},{421, "Misdirected Request"},{422, "Unprocessable Entity"},{423, "Locked"},{424, "Failed Dependency"},{425, "Too Early"},{426, "Upgrade Required"},{428, "Precondition Required"},{429, "Too Many Requests"},{431, "Request Header Fields Too Large"},{451, "Unavailable For Legal Reasons"},{501, "Not Implemented"},{502, "Bad Gateway"},{503, "Service Unavailable"},{504, "Gateway Timeout"},{505, "HTTP Version Not Supported"},{506, "Variant Also Negotiates"},{507, "Insufficient Storage"},{508, "Loop Detected"},{510, "Not Extended"},{511, "Network Authentication Required"}};auto it = _statu_msg.find(statu);if (it != _statu_msg.end()){return it->second;}return "Unknow";}// 根据文件后缀名获取文件mimestatic std::string ExtMime(const std::string &filename){std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> _mime_msg = {{".aac", "audio/aac"},{".abw", "application/x-abiword"},{".arc", "application/x-freearc"},{".avi", "video/x-msvideo"},{".azw", "application/vnd.amazon.ebook"},{".bin", "application/octet-stream"},{".bmp", "image/bmp"},{".bz", "application/x-bzip"},{".bz2", "application/x-bzip2"},{".csh", "application/x-csh"},{".css", "text/css"},{".csv", "text/csv"},{".doc", "application/msword"},{".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"},{".eot", "application/vnd.ms-fontobject"},{".epub", "application/epub+zip"},{".gif", "image/gif"},{".htm", "text/html"},{".html", "text/html"},{".ico", "image/vnd.microsoft.icon"},{".ics", "text/calendar"},{".jar", "application/java-archive"},{".jpeg", "image/jpeg"},{".jpg", "image/jpeg"},{".js", "text/javascript"},{".json", "application/json"},{".jsonld", "application/ld+json"},{".mid", "audio/midi"},{".midi", "audio/x-midi"},{".mjs", "text/javascript"},{".mp3", "audio/mpeg"},{".mpeg", "video/mpeg"},{".mpkg", "application/vnd.apple.installer+xml"},{".odp", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation"},{".ods", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet"},{".odt", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text"},{".oga", "audio/ogg"},{".ogv", "video/ogg"},{".ogx", "application/ogg"},{".otf", "font/otf"},{".png", "image/png"},{".pdf", "application/pdf"},{".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},{".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"},{".rar", "application/x-rar-compressed"},{".rtf", "application/rtf"},{".sh", "application/x-sh"},{".svg", "image/svg+xml"},{".swf", "application/x-shockwave-flash"},{".tar", "application/x-tar"},{".tif", "image/tiff"},{".tiff", "image/tiff"},{".ttf", "font/ttf"},{".txt", "text/plain"},{".vsd", "application/vnd.visio"},{".wav", "audio/wav"},{".weba", "audio/webm"},{".webm", "video/webm"},{".webp", "image/webp"},{".woff", "font/woff"},{".woff2", "font/woff2"},{".xhtml", "application/xhtml+xml"},{".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},{".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"},{".xml", "application/xml"},{".xul", "application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml"},{".zip", "application/zip"},{".3gp", "video/3gpp"},{".3g2", "video/3gpp2"},{".7z", "application/x-7z-compressed"},};// a.b.txt 获取文件名size_t pos = filename.find_last_of('.');if (pos != std::string::npos)return "application/octet-stream"; // 没找着，表示文件是一个二进制文件// 根据扩展名,获取mimestd::string ext = filename.substr(pos);auto it = _mime_msg.find(ext);if (it == _mime_msg.end())return "application/octet-stream";return it->second;}// 判断一个文件是否是一个目录static bool IsDirectory(const std::string &filename){struct stat st;int ret = stat(filename.c_str(), &st);if (ret < 0)return false;return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);}// 判断一个文件是否是一个普通文件static bool IsRegular(const std::string &filename){struct stat st;int ret = stat(filename.c_str(), &st);if (ret < 0)return false;return S_ISREG(st.st_mode);}// http请求的资源路径有效性判断// /index.html --- 前边的/叫做相对根目录 映射的是某个服务器上的子目录// 想表达的意思就是，客户端只能请求相对根目录中的资源，其他地方的资源都不予理会// /../login, 这个路径中的..会让路径的查找跑到相对根目录之外，这是不合理的，不安全的static bool ValidPath(const std::string &path){// 思想：按照/进行路径分割，根据有多少子目录，计算目录深度，有多少层，深度不能小于0std::vector<std::string> subdir;Split(path, "/", &subdir);int level = 0;for (auto &dir : subdir){if (dir == ".."){level--; // 任意一层走出相对根目录，就认为有问题if (level < 0)return false;continue;}level++;}return true;}
};// HttpRequest请求模块
class HttpRequest
{
public:std::string _method; // 请求方法std::string _path; // 资源路径std::string _version; // 协议版本std::string _body; // 请求正文std::smatch _matches; // 资源路径的正则提取数据std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> _headers; // 头部字段std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> _params; // 查询字符串
public:HttpRequest() : _version("HTTP/1.1") {}// 重置请求 -- 每一次请求的到来都要重置上一次请求的数据void ReSet(){_method.clear();_path.clear();_version = "HTTP/1.1";_body.clear();std::smatch match; // smatch 内并没有clear的接口,所以使用交换进行清理_matches.swap(match);_headers.clear();_params.clear();}// 插入头部字段void SetHeader(const std::string &key, const std::string &val){_headers.insert(std::make_pair(key, val));}// 判断是否存在指定头部字段bool HasHeader(const std::string &key) const{auto it = _headers.find(key);if (it == _headers.end())return false;return true;}// 获取指定头部字段的值std::string GetHeader(const std::string &key) const{auto it = _headers.find(key);if (it == _headers.end())return "";return it->second;}// 插入查询字符串void SetParam(const std::string &key, const std::string &val){_params.insert(std::make_pair(key, val));}// 判断是否有某个指定的查询字符串bool HasParam(const std::string &key) const{auto it = _params.find(key);if (it == _params.end())return false;return true;}// 获取指定的查询字符串std::string GetParam(const std::string &key) const{auto it = _params.find(key);if (it == _params.end())return "";return it->second;}// 获取正文长度size_t ContentLength() const{// 下面的字符串肯定是已经被解析放置在_headers内了// Content-Length: 1234\r\nbool ret = HasHeader("Content-Length");if (ret == false)return 0;std::string clen = GetHeader("Content-Length");return std::stol(clen); // 字符转长整型}// 判断是否是短链接bool Close() const{// 没有Connection字段,或者有Connection字段但是值是close,则是短链接,否则就是长链接// keep-alive是长链接的意思if (HasHeader("Connection") == true && GetHeader("Connection") == "keep-alive")return true;return false;}
};// HttpResponse响应模块功能设计
class HttpResponse
{
public:int _statu;bool _redirect_flag; // 重定向标志std::string _body;std::string _redirect_url; // 重定向地址std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> _headers;public:HttpResponse() : _redirect_flag(false), _statu(200) {}HttpResponse(int statu) : _redirect_flag(false), _statu(statu) {}void ReSet() // 重置{_statu = 200;_redirect_flag = false;_body.clear();_redirect_url.clear();_headers.clear();}// 插入头部字段void SetHeader(const std::string &key, const std::string &val){_headers.insert(std::make_pair(key, val));}// 判断是否存在指定头部字段bool HasHeader(const std::string &key){auto it = _headers.find(key);if (it == _headers.end())return false;return true;}// 获取指定头部字段的值std::string GetHeader(const std::string &key){auto it = _headers.find(key);if (it == _headers.end())return "";return it->second;}// 正文设置void SetContent(const std::string &body, const std::string &type = "text/html"){_body = body;SetHeader("Cnotent-Type", type);}// 默认为302,临时重定向,301为永久重定向void SetRedirect(std::string &url, int statu = 302){_statu = statu;_redirect_flag = true;_redirect_url = url;}// 判断是否是短链接bool Close(){// 没有Connection字段,或者有Connection字段但是值是close,则是短链接,否则就是长链接// keep-alive是长链接的意思if (HasHeader("Connection") == true && GetHeader("Connection") == "keep-alive")return true;return false;}
};// HttpContext接收请求上下文模块功能设计
typedef enum
{RECV_HTTP_ERROR,RECV_HTTP_LINE,RECV_HTTP_HEAD,RECV_HTTP_BODY,RECV_HTTP_OVER
} HttpRecvStatu;#define MAX_LINE 8192 // 8K
class HttpContext
{
private:int _resp_statu; // 响应状态码HttpRecvStatu _recv_statu; // 当前接收及解析的阶段状态HttpRequest _request; // 已经解析得到的请求信息
private:// 解析请求行bool ParseHttpLine(const std::string &line){std::smatch matches;std::regex e("(GET|HEAD|POST|PUT|DELETE) ([^?]*)(?:\\?(.*))? (HTTP/1\\.[01])(?:\n|\r\n)?", std::regex::icase);bool ret = std::regex_match(line, matches, e);if (ret == false){_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_ERROR;_resp_statu = 400; // BAD REQUESTreturn false;}// 0 : GET /qingfeng/login?user=xiaoming&pass=123123 HTTP/1.1// 1 : GET// 2 : /qingfeng/login// 3 : user=xiaoming&pass=123123// 4 : HTTP/1.1// 请求方法的获取_request._method = matches[1];std::transform(_request._method.begin(), _request._method.end(), _request._method.begin(), ::toupper);// 资源路径的获取,需要进行URL解码操作,但是不需要+转空格_request._path = Util::UrlDecode(matches[2], false);// 协议版本的获取_request._version = matches[4];// 查询字符串的获取与处理std::vector<std::string> query_string_arry;std::string query_string = matches[3];// 查询字符串的格式, key=val&key=val......, 先以 & 符号进行分割,得到各个子串Util::Split(query_string, "&", &query_string_arry);// 针对各个子串,以 = 符号进行分割,得到 key 和 val, 得到之后也需要进行URL解码for (auto &str : query_string_arry){size_t pos = str.find("=");if (pos == std::string::npos){_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_ERROR;_resp_statu = 400; // BAD REQUESTreturn false;}std::string key = Util::UrlDecode(str.substr(0, pos), true);std::string val = Util::UrlDecode(str.substr(pos + 1), true);_request.SetParam(key, val);}return true;}// 获取请求行bool RecvHttpLine(Buffer *buf){if (_recv_statu != RECV_HTTP_LINE)return false;// 1. 获取一行数据std::string line = buf->GetLineAndPop();// 2. 需要考虑的一些要素,缓冲区的数据不足一行, 获取的一行数据超大if (line.size() == 0){// 缓冲区中的数据不足一行,则需要判断缓冲区的可读数据长度,如果很长了都不足一行,这是有问题的if (buf->ReadAbleSize() > MAX_LINE){_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_ERROR;_resp_statu = 414; // URI TOO LONG 查看statu文件中可以看到414状态对应的信息return false;}// 缓冲区中数据不足一行,但是也不多,就等待新数据的到来return true;}if (line.size() > MAX_LINE){_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_ERROR;_resp_statu = 414; // URI TOO LONGreturn false;}bool ret = ParseHttpLine(line);if (ret == false)return false;// 首行处理完毕,进入头部处理阶段_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_HEAD;return true;}bool RecvHttpHead(Buffer *buf){// 状态不对直接返回if (_recv_statu != RECV_HTTP_HEAD)return false;// 一行一行取出数据,直到遇到空行为止,头部的格式 key: val\r\nkey: val\r\n......while (1){std::string line = buf->GetLineAndPop();// 2. 需要考虑的一些要素,缓冲区的数据不足一行, 获取的一行数据超大if (line.size() == 0){// 缓冲区中的数据不足一行,则需要判断缓冲区的可读数据长度,如果很长了都不足一行,这是有问题的if (buf->ReadAbleSize() > MAX_LINE){_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_ERROR;_resp_statu = 414; // URI TOO LONG 查看statu文件中可以看到414状态对应的信息return false;}// 缓冲区中数据不足一行,但是也不多,就等待新数据的到来return true;}if (line.size() > MAX_LINE){_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_ERROR;_resp_statu = 414; // URI TOO LONGreturn false;}if (line == "\n" || line == "\r\n")break;bool ret = ParseHttpHead(line);if (ret == false)return false;}// 头部处理完毕,进入正文处理阶段_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_BODY;return true;}bool ParseHttpHead(std::string &line){// key: val\r\nkey: val\r\n......if (line.back() == '\n')line.pop_back(); // 末尾是换行则去掉换行字符if (line.back() == '\r')line.pop_back(); // 末尾是回车则去掉回车字符size_t pos = line.find(": ");if (pos == std::string::npos){_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_ERROR;_resp_statu = 400; // BAD REQUESTreturn false;}std::string key = line.substr(0, pos);std::string val = line.substr(pos + 2);_request.SetHeader(key, val);return true;}bool RecvHttpBody(Buffer *buf){if (_recv_statu != RECV_HTTP_BODY)return false;// 1. 获取正文长度size_t content_length = _request.ContentLength();if (content_length == 0){// 没有正文,则请求接收解析完毕_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_OVER;return true;}// 2. 当前已经接收了多少正文 取决于_request._body, 其中放了多少数据size_t real_len = content_length - _request._body.size(); // 实际还需要接收的正文长度// 3. 接收正文放到body中,但是也要考虑当前缓冲区中的数据,是否是全部的正文// 3.1 缓冲区中的数据,包含了当前请求的所有正文,则取出所需的数据if (buf->ReadAbleSize() >= real_len){_request._body.append(buf->ReadPosition(), real_len);buf->MoveReadOffset(real_len);_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_OVER;return true;}// 3.2 缓冲区中的数据,无法满足当前正文的需要,数据不足,取出数据,然后等待新数据到来_request._body.append(buf->ReadPosition(), buf->ReadAbleSize());buf->MoveReadOffset(buf->ReadAbleSize());return true;}public:HttpContext() : _resp_statu(200), _recv_statu(RECV_HTTP_LINE) {}void ReSet(){_resp_statu = 200;_recv_statu = RECV_HTTP_LINE;_request.ReSet();}int RespStatu() { return _resp_statu; }HttpRecvStatu RecvStatu() { return _recv_statu; }HttpRequest &Request() { return _request; }// 接收并解析HTTP请求void RecvHttpRequest(Buffer *buf){// 不同的状态,做不同的事情,但是这里不要break,因为处理完请求行后,应该立即处理头部,而不是退出等待新数据的到来// 后面并不需要break,因为要保证后续都解析完,并且不用担心接收失败// 在各个函数的开头就检查了处理阶段,如果不对就会错误返回了switch (_recv_statu){case RECV_HTTP_LINE:RecvHttpLine(buf);case RECV_HTTP_HEAD:RecvHttpHead(buf);case RECV_HTTP_BODY:RecvHttpBody(buf);}return;}
};// HttpServer模块功能设计
class HttpServer
{
private:using Handler = std::function<void(const HttpRequest &, HttpResponse *)>;using Handlers = std::vector<std::pair<std::regex, Handler>>; // 存储编译完之后的正则表达式Handlers _get_route;Handlers _post_route;Handlers _put_route;Handlers _delete_route;std::string _basedir; // 静态资源根目录TcpServer _server;private:void ErrorHandler(const HttpRequest &req, HttpResponse *rsp){// 1. 组织一个错误展示页面std::string body;body += "<html>";body += "<head>";body += "<meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html;charset=utf-8'>";body += "</head>";body += "<body>";body += "<h1>";body += std::to_string(rsp->_statu);body += " ";body += Util::StatuDesc(rsp->_statu);body += "</h1>";body += "</body>";body += "</html>";// 2. 将页面数据,当作响应正文,放入rsp中rsp->SetContent(body, "text/html");}// 将HttpResponse中的要素按照http协议格式进行组织,发送void WriteReponse(const PtrConnection &conn, const HttpRequest &req, HttpResponse &rsp){// 1. 先完善头部if (req.Close() == true){rsp.SetHeader("Connection", "close");}else{rsp.SetHeader("Connection", "keep-alive");}if (rsp._body.empty() == false && rsp.HasHeader("Content-Length") == false){rsp.SetHeader("Content-Length", std::to_string(rsp._body.size()));}if (rsp._body.empty() == false && rsp.HasHeader("Content-Type") == false){rsp.SetHeader("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");}if (rsp._redirect_flag == true){rsp.SetHeader("Location", rsp._redirect_url);}// 2. 将rsp中的要素,按照http协议格式进行组织std::stringstream rsp_str;rsp_str << req._version << " " << std::to_string(rsp._statu) << " " << Util::StatuDesc(rsp._statu) << "\r\n";for (auto &head : rsp._headers){rsp_str << head.first << ": " << head.second << "\r\n";}rsp_str << "\r\n";rsp_str << rsp._body;// 3. 发送数据conn->Send(rsp_str.str().c_str(), rsp_str.str().size());}bool IsFileHandler(const HttpRequest &req){// 1. 必须设置了静态资源根目录if (_basedir.empty())return false;// 2. 请求方法,必须是GET / HEAD请求方法if (req._method != "GET" && req._method != "HEAD")return false;// 3. 请求的资源路径必须是一个合法路径if (Util::ValidPath(req._path) == false)return false;// 4. 请求的资源必须存在,且是一个普通文件// 有一种请求比较特殊 -- 目录：/, /image/， 这种情况给后边默认追加一个 index.html// index.html /image/a.png// 不要忘了前缀的相对根目录,也就是将请求路径转换为实际存在的路径 /image/a.png -> ./wwwroot/image/a.pngstd::string req_path = _basedir + req._path; // 为了避免直接修改请求的资源路径,因此定义一个临时对象if (req._path.back() == '/'){req_path += "index.html";}if (Util::IsRegular(req_path) == false)return false;return true;}// 静态资源的请求处理 -- 将静态资源文件的数据读取出来,放到rsp的_body中,并设置mimevoid FileHandler(const HttpRequest &req, HttpResponse *rsp){std::string req_path = _basedir + req._path;if (req._path.back() == '/'){req_path += "index.html";}bool ret = Util::ReadFile(req_path, &rsp->_body);if (ret == false)return;std::string mime = Util::ExtMime(req_path);rsp->SetHeader("Content-Type", mime);return;}// 功能性请求的分类处理(即查找请求)void Dispatcher(HttpRequest &req, HttpResponse *rsp, Handlers &handlers){// 在对应请求方法的路由表中,查找是否含有对应资源请求的处理函数,有则调用,没有则发送404// 思想:路由表存储的是键值对 -- 正则表达式 & 处理函数// 使用正则表达式,对请求的资源路径进行正则匹配,匹配成功就使用对应函数进行处理// /numbers/(\d+) /numbers/12345for (auto &handler : handlers){const std::regex &re = handler.first;const Handler &functor = handler.second;bool ret = std::regex_match(req._path, req._matches, re);if (ret == false)continue;return functor(req, rsp); // 传入请求信息,和空的rsp,执行处理函数}rsp->_statu = 404;}void Route(HttpRequest &req, HttpResponse *rsp){// 1. 对请求进行分辨,是一个静态资源请求,还是一个功能性请求// 静态资源请求,则进行静态资源的处理// 功能性请求,则需要通过几个请求路由表来确定是否有处理函数// 既不是静态资源请求,也没有设置对应的功能性请求处理函数,就返回404if (IsFileHandler(req) == true){// 是一个静态资源请求return FileHandler(req, rsp);}if (req._method == "GET" || req._method == "HEAD"){return Dispatcher(req, rsp, _get_route); // 两种请求方法类似}else if (req._method == "POST"){return Dispatcher(req, rsp, _post_route);}else if (req._method == "PUT"){return Dispatcher(req, rsp, _put_route);}else if (req._method == "DELETE"){return Dispatcher(req, rsp, _delete_route);}rsp->_statu = 405; // Method Not Allowedreturn;}// 设置上下文void OnConnected(const PtrConnection &conn){conn->SetContext(HttpContext());DBG_LOG("NEW CONNECTION %p", conn.get());}// 缓冲区数据解析+处理void OnMessage(const PtrConnection &conn, Buffer *buffer){while (buffer->ReadAbleSize() > 0){// 1. 获取上下文HttpContext *context = conn->GetContext()->get<HttpContext>();// 2. 通过上下文对缓冲区数据进行解析,得到HttpRequest对象// 2.1 如果缓冲区的数据解析出错,就直接回复出错响应// 2.2 如果解析正常,且请求已经获取完毕,才开始去进行处理context->RecvHttpRequest(buffer);HttpRequest &req = context->Request();HttpResponse rsp(context->RespStatu());if (context->RespStatu() >= 400){// 进行错误响应,关闭连接ErrorHandler(req, &rsp); // 填充一个错误显示页面数据到rsp中WriteReponse(conn, req, rsp);context->ReSet();buffer->MoveReadOffset(buffer->ReadAbleSize()); // 出错了就把缓冲区数据清空conn->Shutdown(); // 关闭连接return;}if (context->RecvStatu() != RECV_HTTP_OVER)return; // 当前请求还没有接收完整,则退出,等新数据到来再重新继续处理// 3. 请求路由 + 业务处理Route(req, &rsp);// 4. 对HttpResponse进行组织发送WriteReponse(conn, req, rsp);// 5. 重置上下文context->ReSet();// 6. 根据长短连接判断是否关闭连接或者继续处理if (rsp.Close() == true)conn->Shutdown(); // 短连接则直接关闭}return;}public:HttpServer(int port, int timeout = DEFALT_TIMEOUT) : _server(port){_server.EnableInactiveRelease(timeout);_server.SetConnectedCallback(std::bind(&HttpServer::OnConnected, this, std::placeholders::_1));_server.SetMessageCallback(std::bind(&HttpServer::OnMessage, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2));}void SetBaseDir(const std::string &path){assert(Util::IsDirectory(path) == true);_basedir = path;}// 设置/添加,请求(请求的正则表达式)与处理函数的映射关系void Get(const std::string &pattern, const Handler &handler){_get_route.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));}void Post(const std::string &pattern, const Handler &handler){_post_route.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));}void Put(const std::string &pattern, const Handler &handler){_put_route.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));}void Delete(const std::string &pattern, const Handler &handler){_delete_route.push_back(std::make_pair(std::regex(pattern), handler));}void SetThreadCount(int count){_server.SetThreadCount(count);}void Listen(){_server.Start();}
};测试参考下文
HTTP服务器简单编译测试-CSDN博客
