官方文档-> Vue Router官方文档

1. 安装与使用（Vue3）

安装

npm install vue-router@4 或 yarn add vue-router@4
版本4适用于Vue3，Vue2请使用版本3

使用

• 文件结构：

• @/router/index.js：

import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";const routes = [{path: "/",component: ()=> import('@/views/index.vue'),name: 'index',meta: { title: '首页', icon: '', keepAlive: true }}
]const router = createRouter({history: createWebHistory(),routes,
})export default router;

• @/main.js：

import { createApp } from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router/index.js'const app = createApp(App)
app.use(router)
app.mount('#app')

• @/App.vue：

<template><router-view v-if="!$route.meta.keepAlive"></router-view><keep-alive><router-view v-if="$route.meta.keepAlive"></router-view></keep-alive>
</template><script setup>
</script>

2. 配置路径别名@和VSCode路径提示（了解）

（作为了解，新建Vue3项目时已配有）

• 配置路径别名@在代码编写编写中代替 /src
  
• VSCode路径提示
  

3. 使用查询字符串或路径传参

query

<template><h1>我是首页</h1><p>{{ route.query }}</p>
</template>
<script setup>
import { useRouter, useRoute } from 'vue-router'const router = useRouter();
const route = useRoute();
</script>

（选项式API用this.$route.query）

动态路由 与 params

@/router/index.js：

import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";const routes = [{path: "/",component: ()=> import('@/views/index.vue'),name: 'index',meta: { title: '首页', icon: '', keepAlive: true }},{path: "/user/:id/username/:username",component: ()=> import('@/views/user.vue'),name: 'user',meta: { title: '个人主页', icon: '', keepAlive: true }}
]const router = createRouter({history: createWebHistory(),routes,
})export default router;

（:[parma参数名]?表示该参数可不填）

<template><h1>我是个人主页</h1><p>{{ route.params }}</p>
</template>
<script setup>
import { useRouter, useRoute } from 'vue-router'const router = useRouter();
const route = useRoute();
</script>

（选项式API用this.$route.params ）

4. router-link、定义别名、定义路由名称、编程式导航

定义别名 alias

alias

import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";const routes = [{path: "/",// alias: "/home", // 单个alias: ["/home", "/index"], // 多个component: ()=> import('@/views/index.vue'),name: 'index',meta: { title: '首页', icon: '', keepAlive: true }},{path: "/user/:id?/username/:username",component: ()=> import('@/views/user.vue'),name: 'user',meta: { title: '个人主页', icon: '', keepAlive: true }}
]const router = createRouter({history: createWebHistory(),routes,
})

路径/ 和 /home、/index 是同一页面

router-link 与 定义路由名称

  <router-link to="/home?title=标题&id=1006">查询字符串传参</router-link><router-link :to="{path: '/home', query: { title : '标题', id: 1006 }}">查询字符串传参 - 动态属性绑定</router-link><router-link to="/user/1006/username/hsy">路径传参</router-link><router-link :to="{name: 'user', params: { id : 1006, username: 'hsy' }}">路径传参 - 动态属性绑定</router-link>

编程式导航 router.push()

<template><button @click="goto(1)">跳转首页</button><button @click="goto(2)">跳转个人主页</button>
</template>
<script setup>
import { useRouter, useRoute } from 'vue-router'const router = useRouter();
const route = useRoute();function goto(type = 1) {if(type === 1) {// router.push('/home?title=标题&id=1006')router.push({path: '/home', query: { title : '标题', id: 1006 }});} else {// router.push('/user/1006/username/hsy')router.push({name: 'user', params: { id : 1006, username: 'hsy' }});}
}
</script>

5. 嵌套路由 children

• @/router/index.js：

import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";const routes = [{path: "/",// alias: "/home", // 单个alias: ["/home", "/index"], // 多个component: ()=> import('@/views/index.vue'),name: 'index',meta: { title: '首页', icon: '', keepAlive: true }},{path: "/user/:id?/username/:username",component: ()=> import('@/views/user.vue'),name: 'user',meta: { title: '个人主页', icon: '', keepAlive: true }},{path: "/vip",component: ()=> import('@/views/vip/index.vue'),name: 'vip',meta: { title: '会员页', icon: '', keepAlive: true },children: [{path: 'info',component: ()=> import('@/views/vip/info.vue'),}]}
]const router = createRouter({history: createWebHistory(),routes,
})export default router;

• @/views/vip/index.vue

<template><h1>会员页</h1>-----------------------------<router-view></router-view>-----------------------------
</template>

6. 重定向 redirect

import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";const routes = [{path: "/",// alias: "/home", // 单个alias: ["/home", "/index"], // 多个component: ()=> import('@/views/index.vue'),name: 'index',meta: { title: '首页', icon: '', keepAlive: true }},{path: "/user/:id?/username/:username",component: ()=> import('@/views/user.vue'),name: 'user',meta: { title: '个人主页', icon: '', keepAlive: true }},{path: "/vip",component: ()=> import('@/views/vip/index.vue'),name: 'vip',meta: { title: '会员页', icon: '', keepAlive: true },children: [{path: 'info',component: ()=> import('@/views/vip/info.vue'),}]},{path: '/myhome',// redirect : '/',// redirect : '/?title=标题&id=1006',// redirect : {//   path: '/',//   query: {//     title: '标题',//     id: 1006,//   }// },// redirect : '/user/1006/username/hsy',redirect : {name: 'user',params: {username: 'hsy',id: 1006,}},}
]const router = createRouter({history: createWebHistory(),routes,
})export default router;

7. 全局前置守卫

main.js：

import { createApp } from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router/index.js'const app = createApp(App)
app.use(router)
//  路由前置守卫
router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {console.log('即将进入的路由的信息to:',to);console.log('当前即将离开的路由的信息from:',from);if(to.name === "user") {// next(false); // 拦截不跳转next({path: '/home'}); // 拦截跳转到首页} else {next(); // 不拦截}
})
app.mount('#app')