一、K8s 部署 MySQL
安装规划
组件 | replicas | 类型 |
---|---|---|
mysql-master | 1 | StatefulSet |
mysql-slave | 1 | StatefulSet |
使用 k8s
版本为:v1.18.0
。
本次使用 OpenEBS
来作为存储引擎,OpenEBS
是一个开源的、可扩展的存储平台,它提供了一种简单的方式来创建和管理持久化存储卷。它支持各种存储后端,包括但不限于 ZFS
、Btrfs
、XFS
等。同时,OpenEBS
具有高度的可扩展性和可配置性,可以满足不同的存储需求。
安装 OpenEBS
:
kubectl apply -f https://openebs.github.io/charts/openebs-operator.yaml
验证OpenEBS
是否正确安装:
kubectl get pods -n openebs
所有的 OpenEBS pods
都处于Running
状态表示正常。
1. 创建命名空间
vi mysql-ns.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:name: mysqllabels:name: mysql
kubectl apply -f mysql-ns.yml
2. 创建一个默认的存储卷:
vi mysql-local-storage.yml
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:name: mysql-local-storageannotations:openebs.io/cas-type: localcas.openebs.io/config: |- name: StorageTypevalue: hostpath- name: BasePathvalue: /data/openebs/mysql
provisioner: openebs.io/local
reclaimPolicy: Delete
volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer
kubectl apply -f mysql-local-storage.yml
3. 部署 MySQL 主节点:
vi mysql-master.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:name: mysql-master-confignamespace: mysqllabels:app: mysql-master-config
data:my.cnf: |+ [client]default-character-set=utf8[mysql]default-character-set=utf8[mysqld]init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'character-set-server=utf8lower_case_table_names=1sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTIONcollation-server=utf8_unicode_ciskip-character-set-client-handshakeskip-name-resolvepid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pidsocket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sockdatadir = /var/lib/mysqlsecure-file-priv= NULL# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0# 主从同步server-id = 1log-bin = mysql-binsync_binlog = 1binlog_checksum = nonebinlog_format = mixedslave-skip-errors = allevent_scheduler = 1max_allowed_packet = 64M# Custom config should go here!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/---
# headless service
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: mysql-master-svcnamespace: mysqllabels:app: mysql-master-svc
spec:clusterIP: Noneports:- name: master-portport: 3306selector:app: mysql-master---
# NodePort service
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: mysql-master-nodeportnamespace: mysqllabels:app: mysql-master-nodeport
spec:clusterIP: ports:- name: master-portport: 3306nodePort: 31306targetPort: 3306selector:app: mysql-mastertype: NodePorttarget-port:externalTrafficPolicy: Cluster ---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:name: mysql-masternamespace: mysql
spec:serviceName: "mysql-master-svc"replicas: 1selector: matchLabels: app: mysql-mastertemplate:metadata:labels:app: mysql-masterspec:containers:- name: mysql-masterimage: mysql:8.0.20ports:- containerPort: 3306name: master-portenv:- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORDvalue: "root"- name: TZvalue: "Asia/Shanghai"volumeMounts: - name: mycnfmountPath: /etc/mysql/my.cnfsubPath: my.cnf- name: mysql-master-datamountPath: /var/lib/mysql volumes:- name: mycnfconfigMap: name: mysql-master-configvolumeClaimTemplates:- metadata:name: mysql-master-dataspec:accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]storageClassName: mysql-local-storageresources:requests:storage: 5Gi
kubectl apply -f mysql-master.yml
查看 pod
:
kubectl get pods -n mysql
4. 部署 MySQL 从节点:
vi mysql-slave.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:name: mysql-slave-confignamespace: mysqllabels:app: mysql-slave-config
data:my.cnf: |+ [client]default-character-set=utf8[mysql]default-character-set=utf8[mysqld]init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'character-set-server=utf8lower_case_table_names=1sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTIONcollation-server=utf8_unicode_ciskip-character-set-client-handshakeskip-name-resolvepid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pidsocket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sockdatadir = /var/lib/mysqlsecure-file-priv= NULL# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0# 主从同步server-id = 2log-bin = mysql-binsync_binlog = 1binlog_checksum = nonebinlog_format = mixedslave-skip-errors = allevent_scheduler = 1max_allowed_packet = 64Mread-only=1# Custom config should go here!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/---
# headless service
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: mysql-slave-svcnamespace: mysqllabels:app: mysql-slave-svc
spec:clusterIP: Noneports:- name: slave-portport: 3306selector:app: mysql-slave---
# NodePort service
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: mysql-slave-nodeportnamespace: mysqllabels:app: mysql-slave-nodeport
spec:clusterIP: ports:- name: slave-portport: 3306nodePort: 31307targetPort: 3306selector:app: mysql-slavetype: NodePorttarget-port:externalTrafficPolicy: Cluster ---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:name: mysql-slavenamespace: mysql
spec:serviceName: "mysql-slave-svc"replicas: 1selector: matchLabels: app: mysql-slavetemplate:metadata:labels:app: mysql-slavespec:containers:- name: mysql-slaveimage: mysql:8.0.20ports:- containerPort: 3306name: slave-portenv:- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORDvalue: "root"- name: TZvalue: "Asia/Shanghai"volumeMounts: - name: mycnfmountPath: /etc/mysql/my.cnfsubPath: my.cnf- name: mysql-slave-datamountPath: /var/lib/mysql volumes:- name: mycnfconfigMap: name: mysql-slave-configvolumeClaimTemplates:- metadata:name: mysql-slave-dataspec:accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]storageClassName: mysql-local-storageresources:requests:storage: 5Gi
kubectl apply -f mysql-slave.yml
查看 pod :
kubectl get pods -n mysql
二、主从配置
主节点配置
可以在外面使用 MySQL
客户端连接 mysql-master
,注意换成你的 k8s nodel ip
:
mysql -h 192.168.40.12 -P 31306 -u root -proot
查看当前 master
状态:
show master status;
注意这里查询出来的 File
和 Position
下面主从复制时会用到。
为从节点创建一个同步用户:
CREATE USER 'replica'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'replica123';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replica'@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
从节点配置
在外面使用 MySQL
客户端连接 mysql-master
,注意换成你的 k8s nodel ip
:
mysql -h 192.168.40.12 -P 31307 -u root -proot
同步指向主节点:
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='mysql-master-svc',MASTER_USER='replica',MASTER_PASSWORD='replica123',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=152,MASTER_PORT=3306;
注意这里的 MASTER_HOST
指向的是主节点的 Service
:
启动同步进程:
start slave;
查看同步状态:
show slave status\G
看到 Slave_IO_Running
和 Slave_SQL_Running
都为 Yes
则表示启动成功。
三、主从测试
首先在主节点创建数据库 testdb
:
create database testdb;
然后在从节点查看数据库:
show databases;
可以正常查到主节点创建的数据库。
然后在主节点创建测试表:
use testdb;create table `test` (`id` int not null auto_increment,`name` varchar(255) default null,primary key (`id`)
) engine=InnoDB default charset=utf8mb4 collate=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;
接着在从节点查看表:
use testdb;show tables;
可以正常看到创建的表。
然后在主节点写入一条测试数据:
insert into test(name) values('小明');
然后到从节点查看表数据:
select * from test;
可以正常查到写入的数据。