使用Docker搭建本地Nexus私有仓库-编程知识

0-1开始Java语言编程之路
一、Ubuntu下Java语言环境搭建
二、Ubuntu下Docker环境安装
三、使用Docker搭建本地Nexus Maven私有仓库
四、Ubuntu下使用VisualStudioCode进行Java开发

你需要Nexus

Java应用编译构建的一种主流方式就是通过Maven, Maven可以很方便的管理Java应用的各种依赖包。但是在默认情况下，maven在进行java应用编译的时候，会从maven远程仓库下载相应的依赖包。Maven公共仓库是在国外的，网络不好的情况下，依赖包的下载会相当的耗时，这时私有库就派上了用场。

通过Docker 快速搭建Nexus私有仓库

Nexus是一款开源的私有仓库，他们也提供了官方的docker镜像，使用docker部署起来非常的方便，不过也有一些小细节需要我们注意，下面我们一步一步来搭建这个本地私用库吧。

拉取最新Nexus镜像

docker pull sonatype/nexus3docker images
REPOSITORY                    TAG            IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
prom/prometheus-linux-amd64   latest         051cb67876a6   6 days ago      262MB
apache/apisix                 3.9.0-debian   5e90db4294cd   2 weeks ago     326MB
sonatype/nexus3               latest         b630de26992b   4 months ago    570MB
hello-world                   latest         d2c94e258dcb   11 months ago   13.3kB
bitnami/etcd                  3.5.7          985a23c47893   12 months ago   146MB

我们可以看到 sonatype/nexus3这个镜像，570MB大小，所以下载的时候，需要一些时间，请大家耐心等待。

创建nexus数据卷

Nexus需要从远程仓库同步依赖库，所以需要持久化存储这些依赖库到本地，因此我们需要选创建一个数据卷。

另外，在Nexus第一次启动时，会在数据卷中创建初始密码文件，我们需要查看该文件，获得初始密码我们才能进行进一步的Nexus初始化工作。

#创建一个名为 nexus-data的数据卷
docker volume create --name nexus3#查看数据卷信息
docker volume inspect nexus3
[{"CreatedAt": "2024-04-17T16:32:30+08:00","Driver": "local","Labels": null,"Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/nexus3/_data","Name": "nexus3","Options": null,"Scope": "local"}
]root@txzq1899-ubuntu: cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/nexus3/_data
root@txzq1899-ubuntu:/var/lib/docker/volumes/nexus3/_data# pwd
/var/lib/docker/volumes/nexus3/_data
root@txzq1899-ubuntu:/var/lib/docker/volumes/nexus3/_data# ll
总计 80
drwxr-xr-x  14  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:34 ./
drwx-----x   3 root root  4096  4月 17 16:32 ../
-rw-r--r--   1  200  200    36  4月 17 16:33 admin.password
drwxr-xr-x   3  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:34 blobs/
drwxr-xr-x 336  200  200 12288  4月 17 16:33 cache/
drwxr-xr-x   7  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:33 db/
drwxr-xr-x   3  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:34 elasticsearch/
drwxr-xr-x   3  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:33 etc/
drwxr-xr-x   2  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:33 generated-bundles/
drwxr-xr-x   2  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:33 instances/
-rw-r--r--   1  200  200     1  4月 17 16:33 karaf.pid
drwxr-xr-x   3  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:33 keystores/
-rw-r--r--   1  200  200    14  4月 17 16:33 lock
drwxr-xr-x   3  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:34 log/
drwxr-xr-x   2  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:33 orient/
-rw-r--r--   1  200  200     5  4月 17 16:33 port
drwxr-xr-x   2  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:33 restore-from-backup/
drwxr-xr-x   7  200  200  4096  4月 17 16:34 tmp/
root@txzq1899-ubuntu:/var/lib/docker/volumes/nexus3/_data#

这里要注意docker默认将数据卷存放在
/var/lib/docker/volumes 目录，而这个目录需要root权限才能访问。

创建并运行Nexus容器

–name nexus3
- 指定容器名称为 nexus3
-e NEXUS_CONTEXT=nexus
- 指定访问上下文，即通过http://localhost:8081/nexus访问
INSTALL4J_ADD_VM_PARAMS
- 调整JVM参数
-v nexus3:/nexus-data
- 映射数据卷

docker run -d -p 8081:8081 \--name nexus3 -e NEXUS_CONTEXT=nexus \-e INSTALL4J_ADD_VM_PARAMS="-Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=1024m" \-v nexus3:/nexus-data \sonatype/nexus3

查看容器日志

#Nexus 初次启动会比较慢，我们可以查看nexus3的容器日志。
#当我们看到 Started Sonatype Nexus OSS 3.63.0-01 
#就表示Nexus 已经启动成功了。
docker logs -f nexus3

2024-04-17 08:34:21,619+0000 INFO  [jetty-main-1] *SYSTEM org.sonatype.nexus.siesta.SiestaServlet - JAX-RS RuntimeDelegate: org.sonatype.nexus.siesta.internal.resteasy.SisuResteasyProviderFactory@2cba0cc4
2024-04-17 08:34:21,663+0000 INFO  [jetty-main-1] *SYSTEM org.jboss.resteasy.plugins.validation.i18n - RESTEASY008550: Unable to find CDI supporting ValidatorFactory. Using default ValidatorFactory
2024-04-17 08:34:23,205+0000 INFO  [jetty-main-1] *SYSTEM org.sonatype.nexus.siesta.SiestaServlet - Initialized
2024-04-17 08:34:23,215+0000 INFO  [jetty-main-1] *SYSTEM org.sonatype.nexus.repository.httpbridge.internal.ViewServlet - Initialized
2024-04-17 08:34:23,240+0000 INFO  [FelixStartLevel] *SYSTEM org.sonatype.nexus.extender.NexusLifecycleManager - Start TASKS
2024-04-17 08:34:23,279+0000 INFO  [jetty-main-1] *SYSTEM org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler - Started o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@1705e4a6{Sonatype Nexus,/nexus,file:///opt/sonatype/nexus/public/,AVAILABLE}
2024-04-17 08:34:23,404+0000 INFO  [jetty-main-1] *SYSTEM org.eclipse.jetty.server.AbstractConnector - Started ServerConnector@195ab70a{HTTP/1.1, (http/1.1)}{0.0.0.0:8081}
2024-04-17 08:34:23,405+0000 INFO  [jetty-main-1] *SYSTEM org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server - Started @81852ms
2024-04-17 08:34:23,407+0000 INFO  [jetty-main-1] *SYSTEM org.sonatype.nexus.bootstrap.jetty.JettyServer - 
-------------------------------------------------Started Sonatype Nexus OSS 3.63.0-01-------------------------------------------------
2024-04-17 08:34:23,413+0000 INFO  [FelixStartLevel] *SYSTEM org.sonatype.nexus.quartz.internal.task.QuartzTaskInfo - Task 'Metric aggregation' [content.usage.aggregation] : state=WAITING
2024-04-17 08:34:23,498+0000 INFO  [FelixStartLevel] *SYSTEM org.sonatype.nexus.scheduling.TaskSchedulerImpl - Task 'Metric aggregation' [content.usage.aggregation] scheduled: cron

访问Nexus

先打开admin.password文件，复制初始密码

打开本地Nexus:
Local Nexus3

第一次登录Nexus
第一次登录后，会提示修改管理员密码

配置阿里云代理

进到Repository设置页面，点Create Rrepository, Repository 管理

这里我们选择《maven2 proxy》选择maven2 proxy

输入Name : aliyun
Proxy 设置，输入Remote storage :
- http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public

保存配置
在这里插入图片描述

配置maven-public(group)

回到Repository管理页面，找到maven-public，并点击 maven-public进入编辑页面

在Member repositories 左则 Available List中的aliyun 添加右则的 Members中，并将aliyun 上移至第一的位置。
点Save进行保存

测试验证

到这里本地的Nexus 私有库就已经基本上搭建好了。
在使用之前，首先要在maven的配置文件中使用我们本地的私有仓库

通常在~/.m2/目录下，有一个 setting.xml 文件，如果没有，请创建。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.2.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.2.0.xsd"><localRepository>/home/vian/Dev_Environment/maven_repository</localRepository><servers><server><id>maven-releases</id><username>nexus-user</username><password>hello-world</password></server><server><id>maven-snapshots</id><username>nexus-user</username><password>hello-world</password></server><server><id>nexus</id><username>nexus-user</username><password>hello-world</password></server><server><id>maven-central</id><username>nexus-user</username><password>hello-world</password></server></servers><mirrors><mirror><id>maven-default-http-blocker</id><mirrorOf>external:http:*</mirrorOf><name>Pseudo repository to mirror external repositories initially using HTTP.</name><url>http://0.0.0.0/</url><blocked>true</blocked></mirror><mirror><id>nexus</id><name>本地Nexus私有仓库镜像</name><url>http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-public/</url><mirrorOf>*,!spring-milestones</mirrorOf></mirror></mirrors><profiles><profile><id>txzq-dev</id><repositories><repository><id>nexus</id><name>Public Repositories</name><url>http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-public/</url><releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases></repository><repository><id>maven-central</id><name>Central Repositories</name><url>http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-central/</url><releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases><snapshots><enabled>false</enabled></snapshots></repository><repository><id>maven-releases</id><name>Release Repositories</name><url>http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-releases/</url><releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases><snapshots><enabled>false</enabled></snapshots></repository><repository><id>maven-snapshots</id><name>Snapshot Repositories</name><url>http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-snapshots/</url><releases><enabled>true</enabled></releases><snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots></repository></repositories></profile></profiles><activeProfiles><activeProfile>txzq-dev</activeProfile></activeProfiles>
</settings>

我们通过Visual Studio Code 创建一个SpringBoot 项目，并找开该项目。
在这里插入图片描述
打开一个终端，通过Maven进行一次编译

mvn clean install

查看编译过程，我们可以看到在repackage阶段，已经从本地nexus下载依赖包了。


vian@txzq1899-ubuntu:/media/vian/Work/Workspace/hello-world$ mvn clean install[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] ------------------------< com.txzq:hello-world >------------------------
[INFO] Building hello-world 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO]   from pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- clean:3.3.2:clean (default-clean) @ hello-world ---
[INFO] Deleting /media/vian/Work/Workspace/hello-world/target
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- resources:3.3.1:resources (default-resources) @ hello-world ---
[INFO] Copying 1 resource from src/main/resources to target/classes
[INFO] Copying 0 resource from src/main/resources to target/classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- compiler:3.11.0:compile (default-compile) @ hello-world ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! :source
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file with javac [debug release 17] to target/classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- resources:3.3.1:testResources (default-testResources) @ hello-world ---
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /media/vian/Work/Workspace/hello-world/src/test/resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- compiler:3.11.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ hello-world ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! :dependency
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file with javac [debug release 17] to target/test-classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- surefire:3.1.2:test (default-test) @ hello-world ---
[INFO] Using auto detected provider org.apache.maven.surefire.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformProvider
[INFO] 
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]  T E S T S
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Running com.txzq.helloworld.HelloWorldApplicationTests
19:28:21.256 [main] INFO org.springframework.test.context.support.AnnotationConfigContextLoaderUtils -- Could not detect default configuration classes for test class [com.txzq.helloworld.HelloWorldApplicationTests]: HelloWorldApplicationTests does not declare any static, non-private, non-final, nested classes annotated with @Configuration.
19:28:21.413 [main] INFO org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper -- Found @SpringBootConfiguration com.txzq.helloworld.HelloWorldApplication for test class com.txzq.helloworld.HelloWorldApplicationTests.   ____          _            __ _ _/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \\\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )'  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/:: Spring Boot ::                (v3.2.4)2024-04-17T19:28:21.903+08:00  INFO 183809 --- [hello-world] [           main] c.t.h.HelloWorldApplicationTests         : Starting HelloWorldApplicationTests using Java 17.0.9 with PID 183809 (started by vian in /media/vian/Work/Workspace/hello-world)
2024-04-17T19:28:21.905+08:00  INFO 183809 --- [hello-world] [           main] c.t.h.HelloWorldApplicationTests         : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
2024-04-17T19:28:23.656+08:00  INFO 183809 --- [hello-world] [           main] c.t.h.HelloWorldApplicationTests         : Started HelloWorldApplicationTests in 2.067 seconds (process running for 3.35)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: Sharing is only supported for boot loader classes because bootstrap classpath has been appended
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 3.697 s -- in com.txzq.helloworld.HelloWorldApplicationTests
[INFO] 
[INFO] Results:
[INFO] 
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO] 
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- jar:3.3.0:jar (default-jar) @ hello-world ---
[INFO] Building jar: /media/vian/Work/Workspace/hello-world/target/hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- spring-boot:3.2.4:repackage (repackage) @ hello-world ---
Downloading from nexus: http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-public/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/3.2.4/spring-boot-buildpack-platform-3.2.4.pom
Downloaded from nexus: http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-public/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/3.2.4/spring-boot-buildpack-platform-3.2.4.pom (3.2 kB at 2.7 kB/s)
Downloading from nexus: http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-public/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-loader-tools/3.2.4/spring-boot-loader-tools-3.2.4.pom
Downloaded from nexus: http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-public/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-loader-tools/3.2.4/spring-boot-loader-tools-3.2.4.pom (2.2 kB at 4.7 kB/s)
Downloading from nexus: http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-public/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/3.2.4/spring-boot-buildpack-platform-3.2.4.jar
Downloaded from nexus: http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-public/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-buildpack-platform/3.2.4/spring-boot-buildpack-platform-3.2.4.jar (272 kB at 331 kB/s)
Downloading from nexus: http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-public/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-loader-tools/3.2.4/spring-boot-loader-tools-3.2.4.jar
Downloaded from nexus: http://localhost:8081/nexus/repository/maven-public/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-loader-tools/3.2.4/spring-boot-loader-tools-3.2.4.jar (434 kB at 732 kB/s)
[INFO] Replacing main artifact /media/vian/Work/Workspace/hello-world/target/hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar with repackaged archive, adding nested dependencies in BOOT-INF/.
[INFO] The original artifact has been renamed to /media/vian/Work/Workspace/hello-world/target/hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar.original
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- install:3.1.1:install (default-install) @ hello-world ---
[INFO] Installing /media/vian/Work/Workspace/hello-world/pom.xml to /home/vian/Dev_Environment/maven_repository/com/txzq/hello-world/0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] Installing /media/vian/Work/Workspace/hello-world/target/hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar to /home/vian/Dev_Environment/maven_repository/com/txzq/hello-world/0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/hello-world-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  12.542 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-04-17T19:28:29+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------