介绍：我有两台数据库，分别称为200和203，200和203的服务器性能配置相当，203的配置甚至还要好一点。都是安装的centos7.7，oracle 19C，均已开日志归档，这两台服务器在同一个机房，同一个网段。当我在本地使用JDBC去往这两个数据库分别插入10w条记录，每插入一条提交一次，200耗时约为220多秒，203耗时约为340多秒。耗时相差较大，请问是什么原因导致的，我该如何排查这个问题。
本人排查过程：
JAVA代码
该java代码比较简单，就是一张表有十个字段，然后插入10w条记录，每次插入自动提交（jdbc的特性）
public class JdbcBatchTest {public static int exec(int totalCnt) throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException {String user = "xxxx";String password = "xxxx"; String driver;String url;driver = "oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver";url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@xxx:1521/xxx";long l1 = System.currentTimeMillis();Class.forName(driver);Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);String sql = "insert into test411 values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);for (int i = 1; i <= totalCnt; i++) {preparedStatement.setInt(1, i);preparedStatement.setString(2, "222fda2e41e0488a983483b7e6b9cc82" + i);preparedStatement.setString(3, "33744f367c0549b798b841e707bcf539" + i);preparedStatement.setString(4, "44ae0195ec864ba78f29d62dc387c03b" + i);preparedStatement.setString(5, "552aeb154f684df892b700a0a561f418" + i);preparedStatement.setString(6, "662fda2e41e0488a983483b7e6b9cc82" + i);preparedStatement.setString(7, "77744f367c0549b798b841e707bcf539" + i);preparedStatement.setString(8, "88ae0195ec864ba78f29d62dc387c03b" + i);preparedStatement.setString(9, "992aeb154f684df892b700a0a561f418" + i);preparedStatement.setString(10, "102aeb154f684df892b700a0a561f418" + i);preparedStatement.executeUpdate();}connection.close();long l2 = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("总条数：" + totalCnt + "，一共耗时："+ (l2-l1) + " 毫秒");return 100;}public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException {exec(100000);}
}
200 总条数：100000，一共耗时：225353 毫秒
203 总条数：100000，一共耗时：348713 毫秒
服务器配置
200的cpu较203要差一点，且nvme卡的配置也要差一点
200的配置：
Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6150 CPU @ 2.70GHz * 2
NVME卡
[root@billhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 3.5T 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2 8:2 0 32G 0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3 8:3 0 2T 0 part /
nvme0n1 259:1 0 3.5T 0 disk
└─nvme0n1p1 259:3 0 3.5T 0 part └─md0 9:0 0 3.5T 0 raid1 /data
nvme1n1 259:0 0 3.5T 0 disk
└─nvme1n1p1 259:2 0 3.5T 0 part └─md0 9:0 0 3.5T 0 raid1 /data
[oracle@billhost ~]$ cat /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmax = 82463371264
kernel.shmall = 20132659
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
vm.swappiness = 10
203的配置：
CPU Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6248 CPU @ 2.50GHz * 2
NVME卡
[root@scmdb ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 5.2T 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2 8:2 0 500M 0 part /boot
├─sda3 8:3 0 16G 0 part [SWAP]
└─sda4 8:4 0 5.2T 0 part /
sdb 8:16 0 14T 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 14T 0 part /data2
sdc 8:32 0 3.7T 0 disk
└─sdc1 8:33 0 3.7T 0 part /rmanbak
nvme0n1 259:1 0 3.7T 0 disk
└─nvme0n1p1 259:3 0 3.7T 0 part └─md0 9:0 0 3.7T 0 raid1 /data
nvme1n1 259:0 0 3.7T 0 disk
└─nvme1n1p1 259:2 0 3.7T 0 part └─md0 9:0 0 3.7T 0 raid1 /data
[root@scmdb ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmax = 77309411328
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
kernel.shmall = 60293120
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65535
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
vm.swappiness=10
vm.vfs_cache_pressure=200
vm.min_free_kbytes=409600
fs.aio-max-nr=3145728
数据库参数
200的数据库参数：
*._use_adaptive_log_file_sync='FALSE'
*._use_single_log_writer='TRUE'
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/cdb200c/adump'
*.audit_trail='NONE'
*.compatible='19.0.0'
*.control_file_record_keep_time=31
*.control_files='/data/oradata/CDB200C/control01.ctl','/data/oradata/CDB200C/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_name='cdb200c'
*.deferred_segment_creation=FALSE
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=cdb200cXDB)'
*.enable_pluggable_database=true
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/data/archivelog/cdb200c/'
*.nls_language='AMERICAN'
*.nls_territory='AMERICA'
*.open_cursors=2000
*.open_links_per_instance=50
*.open_links=50
*.pga_aggregate_target=12g
*.processes=1000
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.session_cached_cursors=100
*.sga_target=24g
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
203的数据库参数：
*._use_adaptive_log_file_sync='FALSE'
*._use_single_log_writer='TRUE'
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/scmdb/adump'
*.audit_trail='NONE'
*.compatible='19.0.0'
*.control_file_record_keep_time=31
*.control_files='/u02/oradata/SCMDB/control01.ctl','/u02/oradata/SCMDB/control02.ctl'
*.db_32k_cache_size=21474836480
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_cache_size=21474836480
*.db_files=1000
*.db_name='scmdb'
*.db_unique_name='SCMDB'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=scmdbXDB)'
*.enable_pluggable_database=TRUE
*.fal_server='scmdbdg'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(scmdb,scmdbdg)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/data2/archivelogs VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=scmdb'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=scmdbdg ASYNC NOAFFIRM REOPEN=60 VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=scmdbdg'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.nls_language='AMERICAN'
*.nls_territory='AMERICA'
*.open_cursors=2000
*.open_links=50
*.open_links_per_instance=50
*.optimizer_mode='ALL_ROWS'
*.parallel_execution_message_size=8192
*.pga_aggregate_target=12884901888
*.processes=6000
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.session_cached_cursors=500
*.sga_max_size=64424509440
*.sga_target=64424509440
*.shared_pool_size=9663676416
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
onlinelog
200的onlinelog，5组，每个大小2G
/data/oradata/CDB200C/redo04.log
/data/oradata/CDB200C/redo05.log
/data/oradata/CDB200C/redo06.log
/data/oradata/CDB200C/redo07.log
/data/oradata/CDB200C/redo08.log
203的onlinelog，8组，每个大小4G
/data/SCMDB/redo16a.log
/data/SCMDB/redo17a.log
/data/SCMDB/redo18a.log
/data/SCMDB/redo19a.log
/data/SCMDB/redo20a.log
/data/SCMDB/redo21a.log
/data/SCMDB/redo22a.log
/data/SCMDB/redo23a.log
fio测试
我测试了/data这个挂载点连续写，每次4k，总大小5G
显示200的写入性能的确不如203
200上的fio测试
[root@billhost data]# fio -filename=/data/test200 -direct=1 -iodepth 1 -thread -rw=write -ioengine=psync -bs=4k -size=5G -numjobs=1 -group_reporting -name=test200
test200: (g=0): rw=write, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=psync, iodepth=1
fio-3.7
Starting 1 thread
test200: Laying out IO file (1 file / 5120MiB)
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W(1)][100.0%][r=0KiB/s,w=156MiB/s][r=0,w=40.0k IOPS][eta 00m:00s]
test200: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=209451: Tue Apr 11 19:47:22 2023write: IOPS=38.3k, BW=150MiB/s (157MB/s)(5120MiB/34217msec)clat (usec): min=15, max=13616, avg=25.31, stdev=14.33lat (usec): min=15, max=13617, avg=25.43, stdev=14.35clat percentiles (nsec):| 1.00th=[15936], 5.00th=[16192], 10.00th=[16320], 20.00th=[16512],| 30.00th=[19584], 40.00th=[20096], 50.00th=[29056], 60.00th=[30080],| 70.00th=[30336], 80.00th=[30592], 90.00th=[31360], 95.00th=[36608],| 99.00th=[51968], 99.50th=[55552], 99.90th=[63232], 99.95th=[67072],| 99.99th=[74240]bw ( KiB/s): min=113872, max=165784, per=99.95%, avg=153144.62, stdev=16359.26, samples=68iops : min=28468, max=41446, avg=38286.12, stdev=4089.80, samples=68lat (usec) : 20=39.16%, 50=59.33%, 100=1.51%, 250=0.01%lat (msec) : 20=0.01%cpu : usr=6.89%, sys=45.62%, ctx=1310753, majf=0, minf=84IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%issued rwts: total=0,1310720,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1Run status group 0 (all jobs):WRITE: bw=150MiB/s (157MB/s), 150MiB/s-150MiB/s (157MB/s-157MB/s), io=5120MiB (5369MB), run=34217-34217msecDisk stats (read/write):md0: ios=0/1307776, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%, aggrios=0/1310833, aggrmerge=0/0, aggrticks=0/15948, aggrin_queue=15819, aggrutil=50.40%nvme0n1: ios=0/1310833, merge=0/0, ticks=0/17416, in_queue=17274, util=50.40%nvme1n1: ios=0/1310833, merge=0/0, ticks=0/14480, in_queue=14365, util=41.91%
203上的fio测试
[root@scmdb data]# fio -filename=/data/test203 -direct=1 -iodepth 1 -thread -rw=write -ioengine=psync -bs=4k -size=5G -numjobs=1 -group_reporting -name=test203
test203: (g=0): rw=write, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=psync, iodepth=1
fio-3.7
Starting 1 thread
test203: Laying out IO file (1 file / 5120MiB)
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [W(1)][100.0%][r=0KiB/s,w=236MiB/s][r=0,w=60.3k IOPS][eta 00m:00s]
test203: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=157623: Tue Apr 11 19:29:27 2023write: IOPS=47.7k, BW=186MiB/s (195MB/s)(5120MiB/27478msec)clat (usec): min=12, max=9134, avg=20.40, stdev=18.50lat (usec): min=12, max=9135, avg=20.48, stdev=18.53clat percentiles (usec):| 1.00th=[ 13], 5.00th=[ 14], 10.00th=[ 14], 20.00th=[ 14],| 30.00th=[ 14], 40.00th=[ 14], 50.00th=[ 14], 60.00th=[ 14],| 70.00th=[ 15], 80.00th=[ 36], 90.00th=[ 37], 95.00th=[ 45],| 99.00th=[ 83], 99.50th=[ 93], 99.90th=[ 116], 99.95th=[ 130],| 99.99th=[ 237]bw ( KiB/s): min=85520, max=244888, per=99.53%, avg=189898.30, stdev=66553.76, samples=54iops : min=21380, max=61222, avg=47474.59, stdev=16638.47, samples=54lat (usec) : 20=76.86%, 50=19.80%, 100=3.05%, 250=0.28%, 500=0.01%lat (usec) : 750=0.01%, 1000=0.01%lat (msec) : 2=0.01%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%cpu : usr=4.85%, sys=42.00%, ctx=1310725, majf=0, minf=84IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%issued rwts: total=0,1310720,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1Run status group 0 (all jobs):WRITE: bw=186MiB/s (195MB/s), 186MiB/s-186MiB/s (195MB/s-195MB/s), io=5120MiB (5369MB), run=27478-27478msecDisk stats (read/write):md0: ios=8/1305950, merge=0/0, ticks=0/0, in_queue=0, util=0.00%, aggrios=4/1310859, aggrmerge=0/1, aggrticks=0/14510, aggrin_queue=14438, aggrutil=54.42%nvme0n1: ios=8/1310859, merge=0/1, ticks=1/13946, in_queue=13882, util=50.38%nvme1n1: ios=0/1310859, merge=0/1, ticks=0/15074, in_queue=14994, util=54.42%
awr截图
从awr截图上面可以看到203的log file sync和log file parallel wirte的avg wait都要远远高于200，导致203插入10万条记录比200插入10万条记录的时间长
200的截图
203的截图
