《Programming from the Ground Up》阅读笔记：p49-p74

news/2024/9/13 11:36:51/文章来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/codists/p/18304407

《Programming from the Ground Up》学习第3天，p49-p74总结，总计26页。

一、技术总结

1.function

(1)定义

p49, Functions are unit of code that do a defined piece of work on specified types of data。

函数是在指定类型的数据上完成所定义的某个工作的代码单元。

(2)parameter

p49, The data items a function is given to process are called it's parameters。

给予函数处理的数据项称为函数的参数。

(3)interface

p49, The parameter list and the processing expectations of a function(what it is expected to to with the parameters) are called the function's interface。

函数参数列表和预期处理结果称为函数的接口。

2.primitive functions/primitives

p50，However, ultimately there are things that you cannot write functions for which must be provided by the system. Those are called primiteive function(or just primiteives)-they are teh basics which everything else is built off of.

这些由系统提供的函数称为原函数(或原语)。

3.stack

(1)定义

p51,Each computer program that runs uses a region of memory called the stack to enable functions to work properly.

The computer's stack lives at the very top address of memory.

stack(栈)就是memory(内存)的一块区域，位于内存的最顶端。这是物理意义的上的。

4.power.s

#PURPOSE: Program to illustrate how functions work
#         This program will compute the value of
#         2^3 + 5^2
##Everything in the main program is stored in registers,
#so the data section doesn't have anything.section .data #.data的作用是什么？.section .text #.text的作用是什么？.global _start
_start:pushq $3 #push second argumentpushq $2 #push first argumentcall power # call the functionadd $8, %rsp #movqe the stack pointer backpushq %rax #save the first answer before#calling the next functionpushq $2 #push second argumentpushq $5call power #call the functionadd $8, %rsp #movqe the stack pointer backpopq %rbx #The second answer is already #in %rax. We save the  #first answer onto the stack, #so now we can just pop it #out into %rbxadd %rax, %rbx #add them together#the result is in %rbxmovq $1, %rax #exit (%rbx is returned)int $0x80#PURPOSE: This function is used to compute
#the value of a number raised to a power.
#
#INPUT: First argument-the base number
#Second argument-the power to raise it to
#
#OUTPUT: Will give the result as a return value
#
#NOTES: The power must be 1 or greater
#
#VARIABLES: 
#%rbx - holds the base number
#%rcx - holds the power
#
#-4(%rbp) - holds the current result
#
# %rax is used for temporary storage
#.type power, @function
power:pushq %rbp #save old base pointermovq %rsp, %rbp # make stack pointer the base pointersub $4, %rsp #get room for our local storagemovq 8(%rbp), %rbx #put first argument in %raxmovq 12(%rbp), %rcx #put second argument in %rcxmovq %rbx, -4(%rbp) #store current resultpower_loop_start:cmp $1, %rcx #if the power is 1, we are doneje end_powermovq -4(%rbp), %rax #movqe the current result into %raximul %rbx, %rax #multiply the current result by #the base numbermovq %rax, -4(%rbp) #store the current resultdec %rcx #decrease the powerjmp power_loop_start # run for the next powerend_power:movq -4(%rbp), %rax # return value goes in %raxmovq %rbp, %rsp #restore the stack pointerpopq %rbp #restore the base pointerret

书里使用的是32位的电脑，但我们现在的电脑大多是64位的，如果运行书中的代码就会提示：Error: invalid instruction suffix for `push'，这里对代码做了修改，改为64位电脑里的寄存器。