按黑马程序员的美多商场作方向：
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1nf4y1k7G3
一、应用创建、注册处理、配置
Pycharm 创建Django项目：
自应用注册处理：
二、应用数据初始化
第一步：创建元数据初始化py脚本
python manage.py makemigrations
初始化的脚本会放在各个自应用的migrates目录中
第二步：执行初始化py脚本，把表结构信息同步到数据库中
sqlite不需要建库即可实现，mysql需要先把model源信息的库建好才可以同步
python manage.py migrate
三、站点配置：
1、改成中文时区和语言编码
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
2、设置站点管理员账号
必须要先通过初始化数据之后才能执行
python manage.py createsuperuser
更改密码：
更改的密钥要求8位长度，且至少有字母和数字组成
python manage.py changepassword 用户名
3、配置自定义端口号：
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""Django's command-line utility for administrative tasks."""
import os
import sys
from django.core.management.commands.runserver import Command as RunserverCommanddef main():"""Run administrative tasks."""os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'DjangoProject.settings')try:from django.core.management import execute_from_command_lineexcept ImportError as exc:raise ImportError("Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and ""available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you ""forget to activate a virtual environment?") from excexecute_from_command_line(sys.argv)if __name__ == '__main__':RunserverCommand.default_port = 9090main()
4、站点登陆：
http://127.0.0.1:9090/admin/
5、将模型信息注册到django-admin中：
刷新页面可以发现模型信息可以直接在admin中进行管理
6、URL视图配置
工程默认会绑上django-admin的url配置
http://127.0.0.1:9090/admin/
我们可以在这里添加我们自己url配置，对应的，每个自应用也需要创建一个urls.py配置文件
内容填写，一个路由地址，对应视图的一个方法：
"""
URL configuration for DjangoProject project.The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views1. Add an import: from my_app import views2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from .views import index
urlpatterns = [path('index/', index)
]
views.py中的index方法，调用的是httpResponse进行返回：
from django.http import HttpResponse# Create your views here.
def index(request):return HttpResponse("Hello, world. You're at the index page.")
访问页面进行测试：
http://127.0.0.1:9090/book_manager/index/
7、使用模版渲染处理
创建模版文件，templates为模版的路径根目录，也可以自己改成别的目录
用自应用名称区分开来，mustache语法来读取模版参数
更改index方法逻辑：
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render# Create your views here.
def index(request):# return HttpResponse("Hello, world. You're at the index page.")context = {'title': 'Django Book Manager'}return render(request, 'book_manager/index.html', context)
刷新查看页面：
8、上线配置ALLOW_HOSTS和关闭Debug模式
Debug模式将会把报错信息直接打印在页面上
关闭Debug模式后，仅简单输出内容
9、静态文件管理
静态文件默认配置位置：
在Debug模式下可以直接访问：
关闭Debug模式后不能访问：
解决方案见此博客：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41475058/article/details/105856148
1、设置STATIC_ROOT参数
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/howto/static-files/# 静态资源url访问路径 STATIC_URL = 'static/'# python manage.py collectstatic 收集后的资源目录位置 STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static_prod')
2、给静态目录追加url映射配置：
"""
URL configuration for DjangoProject project.The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views1. Add an import: from my_app import views2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include, re_path
from django.views.static import serve
from DjangoProject import settingsurlpatterns = [re_path(r'^static/(?P<path>.*)$', serve, {'document_root': settings.STATIC_ROOT}, name='static'),path('admin/', admin.site.urls),path('book_manager/', include('book_manager.urls')),path('my_app/', include('my_app.urls')),path('my_app2/', include('my_app2.urls')),
]
3、执行collect命令，打包静态资源
python manage.py collectstatic
