@
目录
- 项目整体描述
- 页面图简介：
- 功能概括说明
- 具体功能举例代码介绍
- 首页index.html
- 操作成功跳转hello.html
- 首页跳转index.html代码
- 方法1：读取指定的Excel
- 方法2：读取上传的Excel里面的内容
- 方法3：java单文件导入Excel,保存到target的目录下
- 方法4：java多文件导入Excel,保存到target的目录下
- 方法5：java导出Excel
- 可能出错场景说明
- 场景1：springboot配合thymeleaf，调用接口不跳转页面只显示文本
- 场景2：org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartException: Current request is not a multipart request
- 场景3：Error resolving template [excel/readExcel], template might not exist or might not be accessible by
- 场景4：springboot实现上传，前端必须指定enctype="multipart/form-data"，后端请求方式必须是post，且方法中添加注解或类型转换
项目整体描述
页面图简介：
首页是一个index.html页面，长这样
功能概括说明
- 方法1：读取指定的Excel
- 方法2：读取上传的Excel里面的内容
- 方法3：java单文件导入Excel,保存到target的目录下
- 方法4：java多文件导入Excel,保存到target的目录下
- 方法5：java导出Excel
具体功能举例代码介绍
首页index.html
<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM "http://www.thymeleaf.org/dtd/xhtml1-strict-thymeleaf-4.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>文件上传</title>
</head>
<body><p>单文件上传并保存</p><form method="post" action="/excel/uploadExcel" enctype="multipart/form-data"><p><input type="file" name="file00"></p><p><span th:if="${msg}"></span></p><input type="submit" value="提交"></form><hr/><p>多文件上传并保存</p><form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" action="/excel/uploadBatchExcel"><p>文件1：<input type="file" name="file"/></p><p>文件2：<input type="file" name="file"/></p><p><input type="submit" value="上传"/></p></form><hr/><p>excel单文件上传并输出读取内容</p><form method="post" action="/excel/readUploadExcel" enctype="multipart/form-data"><p><input type="file" name="fileExcel"></p><p><span th:if="${msg}"></span></p><input type="submit" value="提交"></form>
</body>
</html>
操作成功跳转hello.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title>
</head>
<body><p>单文件上传</p>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
<hr>
<p>多文件上传</p>
<ul><li th:each="msg1:${msgList}" th:text="${msg1}"></li>
</ul></body>
</html>
首页跳转index.html代码
import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcel;
import com.example.demo.bean.Teacher;
import com.example.demo.bean.TeacherListener;
import com.example.demo.setvice.ImportService;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.FillPatternType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;/*** 操作Excel* @Author 211145187* @Date 2022/2/22 19:43**/
@RequestMapping("/excel")
@Controller
public class OperateExcelController {@Autowiredprivate ImportService importService;//首页@GetMapping(value = "")public String index() {//使用@RestController不能直接返回return "index"，否则不会跳转页面，只会再页面显示index文本而已return "index";}
方法1：读取指定的Excel
说明：需要用到阿里的第三方库easyexcel进行读取
excel长这样
pom
<!--读取excel文件-->
<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId><version>2.2.6</version>
</dependency>
controller
//方法1：读取指定的Excel@RequestMapping(value = "/readExcel")@ResponseBodypublic List<Teacher> readExcel() {String fileName = "C:\\Users\\211145187\\Desktop\\fsdownload\\details (1).xls";TeacherListener teacherListener = new TeacherListener();EasyExcel.read(fileName, Teacher.class, teacherListener).sheet().doRead();return teacherListener.getTeacherList();}
Teacher
@Data
public class Teacher {//姓名private String name;//班级private String classes;//所属学院private String college;//别名private String alias;
}
TeacherListener
import com.alibaba.excel.context.AnalysisContext;
import com.alibaba.excel.event.AnalysisEventListener;
import lombok.Getter;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;/*** 教师读取类* @Author 211145187* @Date 2022/2/23 16:50**/
public class TeacherListener extends AnalysisEventListener<Teacher> {@Getterprivate List<Teacher> teacherList = new ArrayList<>();public TeacherListener() {super();teacherList.clear();}/*** 每一条数据解析都会调用*/@Overridepublic void invoke(Teacher teacher, AnalysisContext context) {teacherList.add(teacher);}/*** 所有数据解析完成都会调用*/@Overridepublic void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext context) {teacherList.forEach(System.out::println);}
}
最终展示结果
方法2：读取上传的Excel里面的内容
pom
<!--文件上传-->
<dependency><groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId><artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId><version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>
controller
//方法2：读取上传的Excel里面的内容@RequestMapping(value = "/readUploadExcel")@ResponseBodypublic String readUploadExcel(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {MultipartHttpServletRequest multipartRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;MultipartFile file = multipartRequest.getFile("fileExcel");if (file.isEmpty()) {return "文件不能为空";}InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();List<List<Object>> list = importService.getBankListByExcel(inputStream, file.getOriginalFilename());inputStream.close();list.forEach(System.out::println);return "上传成功并输出内容";}
service
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;/*** @Author 211145187* @Date 2022/2/24 09:33**/
@Service
public class ImportService {/*** 处理上传的文件** @param in* @param fileName* @return* @throws Exception*/public List getBankListByExcel(InputStream in, String fileName) throws Exception {List list = new ArrayList<>();//创建Excel工作薄Workbook work = this.getWorkbook(in, fileName);if (null == work) {throw new Exception("创建Excel工作薄为空！");}Sheet sheet = null;Row row = null;Cell cell = null;for (int i = 0; i < work.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {sheet = work.getSheetAt(i);if (sheet == null) {continue;}for (int j = sheet.getFirstRowNum(); j <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); j++) {row = sheet.getRow(j);if (row == null || row.getFirstCellNum() == j) {continue;}List<Object> li = new ArrayList<>();for (int y = row.getFirstCellNum(); y < row.getLastCellNum(); y++) {cell = row.getCell(y);li.add(cell);}list.add(li);}}work.close();return list;}/*** 判断文件格式** @param inStr* @param fileName* @return* @throws Exception*/public Workbook getWorkbook(InputStream inStr, String fileName) throws Exception {Workbook workbook = null;String fileType = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));if (".xls".equals(fileType)) {workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(inStr);} else if (".xlsx".equals(fileType)) {workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inStr);} else {throw new Exception("请上传excel文件！");}return workbook;}}
最终展示结果
方法3：java单文件导入Excel,保存到target的目录下
controller
//方法3：java单文件导入Excel,保存到target的目录下@PostMapping(value = "/uploadExcel")public String uploadExcel(@RequestParam("file00") MultipartFile file, Model model) throws IOException {try {if(file.isEmpty()){model.addAttribute("msg","上传失败，请选择文件！");return "index";}String filename = file.getOriginalFilename();//filePath获取的是编译后的路径，而不是项目看到的路径，filePath=/E:/WorkSpace/demo/target/classes/String filePath = ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath()+"static/oneFile/";//避免文件重复覆盖String uuid= UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");//时间戳分类文件String time = new SimpleDateFormat("YYYY-MM").format(new Date());String realPath = filePath + time + "/" + uuid + "-" + filename;System.out.println("realPath:" + realPath);//最后保存的路径在这里：target/classes/static/oneFile/2022-02/548881060e3d417a91d87b0a10959077-sop.sqlFile dest = new File(realPath);//检测是否存在目录，无，则创建if(!dest.getParentFile().exists()){dest.getParentFile().mkdirs();//新建文件夹 多级目录}file.transferTo(dest);//文件写入} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}model.addAttribute("msg","文件上传成功！");return "hello";}
最终展示结果
方法4：java多文件导入Excel,保存到target的目录下
controller
//方法4：java多文件导入Excel,保存到target的目录下@PostMapping(value = "/uploadBatchExcel")public String uploadBatchExcel(HttpServletRequest request, Model model) throws IOException {MultipartRequest request1 = (MultipartRequest)request;//猜测 file为 input 类型为 fileList<MultipartFile> fileList = request1.getFiles("file");List<String> msgList = new ArrayList<>();try {String filePath = ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath()+"static/multiFile/";for (int i = 1; i <= fileList.size(); i++){MultipartFile file = fileList.get(i - 1);if (file.isEmpty()){msgList.add("上传第"+i+"个文件失败");model.addAttribute("msgList",msgList);continue;}String filename = file.getOriginalFilename();//避免文件重复覆盖String uuid= UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");//时间戳分类文件String time = new SimpleDateFormat("YYYY-MM").format(new Date());String realPath = filePath + time + "/" + uuid + "-" + filename;System.out.println("realPath:" + realPath);File dest = new File(realPath);//System.out.println("realPath"+realPath);//检测是否存在目录，无，则创建if(!dest.getParentFile().exists()){dest.getParentFile().mkdirs();//新建文件夹 多级目录}msgList.add("第"+i+"个文件，上传成功!");file.transferTo(dest);}} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}model.addAttribute("msgList",msgList);return "hello";}
最终展示结果
方法5：java导出Excel
pom
<!--操作Excel-->
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi</artifactId><version>3.17</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId><version>3.17</version></dependency>
controller
//方法5：java导出Excel@RequestMapping("/exportExcel")public void createExcel(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {//创建HSSFWorkbook对象(excel的文档对象)HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();buildScoreSheet(wb);buildTeacherSheet(wb);//.....省略部分代码//输出Excel文件OutputStream output=response.getOutputStream();response.reset();response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=details.xls");response.setContentType("application/octet-stream;charset=iso8859-1");wb.write(output);output.close();}/*** 设置样式* @Author 211145187* @Date 2022/2/22 20:15* @Param wb wb* @Return CellStyle**/private CellStyle getHeadStyle(Workbook wb) {CellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.SKY_BLUE.getIndex());cellStyle.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);return cellStyle;}/*** 构建参数* @Author 211145187* @Date 2022/2/22 20:20* @Param wb wb**/private void buildScoreSheet(HSSFWorkbook wb) {//建立新的sheet对象（excel的表单）HSSFSheet sheet=wb.createSheet("成绩表");//在sheet里创建第一行，参数为行索引(excel的行)，可以是0～65535之间的任何一个HSSFRow row1=sheet.createRow(0);//创建单元格（excel的单元格，参数为列索引，可以是0～255之间的任何一个HSSFCell cell=row1.createCell(0);//设置单元格内容cell.setCellValue("学员考试成绩一览表");cell.setCellStyle(getHeadStyle(wb));//合并单元格CellRangeAddress构造参数依次表示起始行，截至行，起始列， 截至列sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0,0,0,3));//在sheet里创建第二行HSSFRow row2=sheet.createRow(1);//创建单元格并设置单元格内容row2.createCell(0).setCellValue("姓名");row2.createCell(1).setCellValue("班级");row2.createCell(2).setCellValue("笔试成绩");row2.createCell(3).setCellValue("机试成绩");//在sheet里创建第三行HSSFRow row3=sheet.createRow(2);row3.createCell(0).setCellValue("李明");row3.createCell(1).setCellValue("As178");row3.createCell(2).setCellValue(87);row3.createCell(3).setCellValue(78);}/*** 构建参数* @Author 211145187* @Date 2022/2/22 20:20* @Param wb wb**/private void buildTeacherSheet(HSSFWorkbook wb) {String[] titleData = new String[4];titleData[0] = "姓名";titleData[1] = "班级";titleData[2] = "所属学院";titleData[3] = "别名";List<Teacher> teacherList = new ArrayList<>();Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher();teacher1.setName("周杰伦");teacher1.setClasses("三年二班");teacher1.setCollege("魔法学院");teacher1.setAlias("Jay Chou");teacherList.add(teacher1);Teacher teacher2 = new Teacher();teacher2.setName("陈奕迅");teacher2.setClasses("三年二班");teacher2.setCollege("魔法学院");teacher2.setAlias("Eason");teacherList.add(teacher2);//建立新的sheet对象（excel的表单）HSSFSheet sheet=wb.createSheet("教师表");//在sheet里创建第一行，参数为行索引(excel的行)，可以是0～65535之间的任何一个HSSFRow row1=sheet.createRow(0);//创建单元格（excel的单元格，参数为列索引，可以是0～255之间的任何一个HSSFCell cell=row1.createCell(0);//设置单元格内容cell.setCellValue("教师一览表");cell.setCellStyle(getHeadStyle(wb));//合并单元格CellRangeAddress构造参数依次表示起始行，截至行，起始列， 截至列sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0,0,0,3));//在sheet里创建第二行HSSFRow row2=sheet.createRow(1);//创建单元格并设置单元格内容for (int i = 0; i < titleData.length; i++) {HSSFCell cell2 = row2.createCell(i);cell2.setCellValue(titleData[i]);cell2.setCellStyle(getHeadStyle(wb));}//在sheet里创建第三行for (int j = 0; j < teacherList.size(); j++) {Teacher teacher = teacherList.get(j);HSSFRow row3 = sheet.createRow(j + 2);for (int k = 0; k < titleData.length; k++) {HSSFCell cell3 = row3.createCell(k);if (k == 0) {cell3.setCellValue(teacher.getName());} else if (k == 1) {cell3.setCellValue(teacher.getClasses());} else if (k == 2) {cell3.setCellValue(teacher.getCollege());} else {cell3.setCellValue(teacher.getAlias());}}}}
最终展示效果包含2张表
可能出错场景说明
场景1：springboot配合thymeleaf，调用接口不跳转页面只显示文本
springboot配合thymeleaf，调用接口不跳转页面只显示文本
场景2：org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartException: Current request is not a multipart request
org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartException: Current request is not a multipart request
场景3：Error resolving template [excel/readExcel], template might not exist or might not be accessible by
Error resolving template [excel/readExcel], template might not exist or might not be accessible by
场景4：springboot实现上传，前端必须指定enctype="multipart/form-data"，后端请求方式必须是post，且方法中添加注解或类型转换
前端
<hr/><p>多文件上传并保存</p><form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" action="/excel/uploadBatchExcel"><p>文件1：<input type="file" name="file"/></p><p>文件2：<input type="file" name="file"/></p><p><input type="submit" value="上传"/></p></form>
后端
要么使用注解标注@RequestParam("file00") MultipartFile file
public String uploadExcel(@RequestParam("file00") MultipartFile file, Model model)或者要么request类型转换MultipartRequest request1 = (MultipartRequest)request
public String uploadBatchExcel(HttpServletRequest request, Model model) throws IOException {MultipartRequest request1 = (MultipartRequest)request;
