4.1
import random
def guess_number():
target = random.randint(1, 100)
count = 0
while True:guess = int(input("请输入你猜的数字(1-100): "))count += 1if guess < target:print("猜小了")elif guess > target:print("猜大了")else:print(f"恭喜你猜对了！总共猜了{count}次")break
guess_number()
4.2
def count_characters():
s = input("请输入一行字符: ")
letters = digits = spaces = others = 0
for char in s:if char.isalpha():letters += 1elif char.isdigit():digits += 1elif char.isspace():spaces += 1else:others += 1print(f"英文字符: {letters}, 数字: {digits}, 空格: {spaces}, 其他字符: {others}")
count_characters()
4.3
def gcd_lcm():
a = int(input("请输入第一个整数: "))
b = int(input("请输入第二个整数: "))
# 计算最大公约数
x, y = a, b
while y:x, y = y, x % y
gcd = x# 计算最小公倍数
lcm = a * b // gcdprint(f"最大公约数: {gcd}, 最小公倍数: {lcm}")
gcd_lcm()
4.4
import random
def guess_number_extended():
target = random.randint(0, 1000)
count = 0
while True:guess = int(input("请输入你猜的数字(0-1000): "))count += 1if guess < target:print("猜小了")elif guess > target:print("猜大了")else:print(f"恭喜你猜对了！总共猜了{count}次")break
guess_number_extended()
4.5
import random
def guess_number_with_validation():
target = random.randint(0, 1000)
count = 0
while True:try:guess = int(input("请输入你猜的数字(0-1000): "))count += 1if guess < target:print("猜小了")elif guess > target:print("猜大了")else:print(f"恭喜你猜对了！总共猜了{count}次")breakexcept ValueError:print("输入内容必须为整数！")
guess_number_with_validation()
4.6
def is_leap_year():
year = int(input("请输入年份: "))
if (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0) or (year % 400 == 0):print(f"{year}年是闰年")
else:print(f"{year}年不是闰年")
is_leap_year()
4.7
def validate_integer_input():
while True:
input_str = input("请输入一个全数字的十进制整数: ")
if input_str.isdigit():
num = int(input_str)
print(f"输入正确: {num}")
break
else:
print("输入不正确，请重新输入")
validate_integer_input()
4.8
def validate_float_input():
while True:
input_str = input("请输入一个带有小数点的浮点数: ")
parts = input_str.split('.')
if len(parts) == 2 and parts[0].lstrip('-').isdigit() and parts[1].isdigit():num = float(input_str)print(f"输入正确: {num}")breakelse:print("输入不正确，请重新输入")
validate_float_input()
