VSCode 配置 C 语言编程环境-编程知识

VSCode 配置 C 语言编程环境

一、下载 mingw64

二、配置环境变量

三、三个配置文件

四、格式化代码

1、安装插件

2、保存时自动格式化

3、左 { 不换行

上了两年大学，都还没花心思去搭建 C 语言编程环境，惭愧，惭愧。

一、下载 mingw64

mingw64 是著名的 C/C++ 编译器 GCC 的 Windows 版本。

下载地址：MinGW-w64 - for 32 and 64 bit Windows download | SourceForge.net

① 进入网页后选择 Files 选项卡

② 往下划，找到最新版本的 mingw64，下载如下版本

③ 解压压缩包得到 mingw64 文件夹

mingw64 应该是一款绿色软件，安装和卸载的方法：下载文件夹和删除文件夹。

二、配置环境变量

① 右击 “此电脑”，选择 “属性”（如果你没有 “此电脑” 图标，那就去资源管理器找）

② 高级系统设置 << 环境变量...（在右下角）<< Path（双击或选中后点击 “编辑” 打开）

③ 新建环境变量，填入你的 mingw64 文件夹下 bin 目录的路径（不要照着写！）

④ 打开 cmd，输入以下指令，测试环境变量是否生效

gcc -v

如下图所示，测试成功：

如果出现类似 “不认识 gcc” 的报错，那么可能是路径写错了或者需要重启一下电脑？

三、三个配置文件

在你放代码文件夹下创建一个名为 “.vscode” 的文件夹，并在其中创建三个文件：

c_cpp_properties.json
launch.json
tasks.json

c_cpp_properties.json

注意：把所有的 C:/Program Files/MinGW 换成你的 mingw64 所在目录的路径！

{"configurations": [{"name": "Win32","includePath": ["${workspaceRoot}","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/include/**","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"],"defines": ["_DEBUG","UNICODE","__GNUC__=6","__cdecl=__attribute__((__cdecl__))"],"intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64","browse": {"limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,"databaseFilename": "","path": ["${workspaceRoot}","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/include/**","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed","C:/Program Files/MinGW/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"]}}],"version": 4
}

launch.json

{"version": "0.2.0","configurations": [{"name": "(Windows) Launch","type": "cppvsdbg","request": "launch","program": "cmd","preLaunchTask": "echo","args": ["/C","${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe","&","echo.","&","pause"],"stopAtEntry": false,"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}","environment": []},{"name": "(gdb) Launch","type": "cppdbg","request": "launch","program": "${workspaceFolder}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe","args": [],"stopAtEntry": false,"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}","environment": [],"externalConsole": true,"MIMode": "gdb","miDebuggerPath": "C:\\Program Files\\MinGW\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe", // 自己电脑的gdb"preLaunchTask": "echo", //这里和task.json的label相对应"setupCommands": [{"description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb","text": "-enable-pretty-printing","ignoreFailures": true}]}]
}

tasks.json

{// See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558// for the documentation about the tasks.json format"version": "2.0.0","tasks": [{"label": "echo","type": "shell","command": "gcc","args": ["-g","${file}","-o","${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe","-fexec-charset=GBK" // 解决中文乱码]}],"presentation": {"echo": true,"reveal": "always","focus": false,"panel": "new","showReuseMessage": true,"clear": false}
}