安装

1. 数据存放路径：D:\data\db

2. 安装目录：D:\MongoDB\mongodb-windows-x86_64-5.0.19\mongodb-win32-x86_64-windows-5.0.19\bin 配置环境变量
   
   

3. 开启服务端，客户端
   
   

# 开启服务端，指定数据存放路径
mongod --dbpath D:\data\db# 开启客户端
mongo

命令

数据库命令

# 显示所有数据库
show dbs# 切换数据库，没有则自动创建
use testDatabase# 当前所在数据库
db# 删除数据库（切换到要删除的数据库）
use testDatabase
db.dropDatabase()

集合命令

# 创建集合
db.createCollection('users')# 显示所有集合
show collections# 删除集合
db.集合名.drop()# 集合重命名
db.集合名.renameCollection('新集合名')

文档命令

# 插入文档
db.集合名.insert(文档对象)# 查询文档
# _id是mongodb自动生成的唯一编号，用来唯一标识文档
db.集合名.find(查询条件)
db.集合名.find() # 显示所有文档# 更新文档
db.集合名.update(查询条件,新文档对象)
db.集合名.update({name:"ccc"},{$set:{age:999}})# 删除文档
db.集合名.remove(查询条件)

Mongoose

连接数据库

const mongoose = require("mongoose");mongoose.connect("mongodb://localhost/testDatabase");mongoose.connection.once("open", () => {console.log("连接成功");
});mongoose.connection.on("error", () => {console.log("连接失败");
});mongoose.connection.on("close", () => {console.log("连接关闭");
});// 关闭连接
mongoose.disconnect();

文档操作

文档对象的字段类型

字段校验

// 方式1 只有字段类型
// 创建文档的结构schema
const bookSchema1 = new mongoose.Schema({name: String,author: String,price: Number,tags: Arrary
});// 方式2 添加字段校验
const bookSchema1 = new mongoose.Schema({name: {type: String,required: true // 必填},author: {type: String,default: '匿名' // 默认值},price: {type: Number,unique: true   // 唯一值}, tags: {type: Arrary,enum: ['a','b'] // 枚举值}, 
});

文档对象的增删改查

const mongoose = require("mongoose");mongoose.connect("mongodb://localhost/testDatabase");mongoose.connection.once("open", () => {console.log("连接成功");// 1.创建文档的结构schemaconst bookSchema = new mongoose.Schema({name: {type: String,required: true,},author: {type: String,default: "匿名作者",},price: Number,});// 2.创建文档的模型对象，用于操作文档const bookModel = mongoose.model("booksCollection", bookSchema);// 3.使用文档的模型对象操作文档（增删改查）// 插入bookModel.create({name: "bookA",price: 88888888,}).then((res) => {console.log("单条插入", res);}).catch((err) => {console.log(err);});bookModel.insertMany([{name: "西游记",author: "a",price: 1,},{name: "红楼梦",author: "b",price: "2",},{name: "三国演义",author: "c",price: 3,},{name: "水浒传",author: "d",price: 4,},]).then((res) => {console.log("批量插入", res);}).catch((err) => {console.log(err);});// 删除bookModel.deleteOne({ name: "bookA" }).then((res) => {console.log("删除", res);});// 更新bookModel.updateOne({ name: "西游记" }, { price: 123456 }).then((res) => {console.log("更新", res);});// 查找bookModel.find().then((res) => {console.log("查找", res);});
});mongoose.connection.on("error", () => {console.log("连接失败");
});mongoose.connection.on("close", () => {console.log("连接关闭");
});// 关闭连接
// mongoose.disconnect();

条件查询

运算符：

逻辑运算符：

正则表达式：name中含有imissyou的对象

读取文档

// select 1需要的字段 0不要的字段
// sort   1升序 -1降序
// skip   跳过1条对象
// limit  前n条对象
bookModel.find().select({ _id: 0, name: 1, price: 1 }).sort({ price: -1 }).skip(1).limit(3).then((res) => {console.log("查找", res);});

const mongoose = require("mongoose");mongoose.connect("mongodb://localhost/testDatabase");mongoose.connection.once("open", () => {console.log("连接成功");// 1.创建文档的结构schemaconst bookSchema = new mongoose.Schema({name: {type: String,required: true,},author: {type: String,default: "匿名作者",},price: Number,});// 2.创建文档的模型对象，用于操作文档const bookModel = mongoose.model("booksCollection", bookSchema);// 3.使用文档的模型对象操作文档// 查找bookModel.find().select({ _id: 0, name: 1, price: 1 }).sort({ price: -1 }).skip(1).limit(3).then((res) => {console.log("查找", res);});
});mongoose.connection.on("error", () => {console.log("连接失败");
});mongoose.connection.on("close", () => {console.log("连接关闭");
});