目录
后端准备
导入依赖
解决跨域
User实体类
DemoController测试接口
前端准备
项目结构
axios.js
axios.html
开始测试
后端结果
前端结果
后端准备
导入依赖
案例会用到以下的三个依赖。
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional>
</dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.83</version>
</dependency>解决跨域
定义一个过滤器，解决跨域的问题。
import jakarta.servlet.*;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.io.IOException;@Component
@WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*")
public class MyFilter implements Filter {@Overridepublic void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;response.setHeader("Access-control-Allow-Origin", request.getHeader("Origin"));response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET,POST,OPTIONS,PUT,DELETE,PATCH");response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", request.getHeader("Access-Control-Request-Headers"));filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);}
}User实体类
将接收到的数据封装到User实体类中。
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {private Long id;private String username;
}DemoController测试接口
我们测试两个接口，一个GET请求，一个POST请求。
因为在案例中前端发出的POST请求是以表单的形式传数据，所以不需要加@RequestBody注解。只有在接收json格式的数据时，才需要在参数上加@RequestBody注解。
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.demo.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class DemoController {@GetMappingpublic String demo1() {System.out.println("get test success!");return "get test success!";}@PostMappingpublic String demo2(User user) {System.out.println("post test success!");return JSONObject.toJSONString(user);}
}前端准备
项目结构
如图所示，创建项目。
axios.js
这里直接给出，复制粘贴即可。
/* axios v0.18.0 | (c) 2018 by Matt Zabriskie */
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//# sourceMappingURL=axios.min.mapaxios.html
当点击对应的按钮，会发出相应的请求，将返回的结果打印在控制台。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title><script src="js/axios.js"></script>
</head><body><input type="button" value="获取数据GET" onclick="get()"><input type="button" value="获取数据POST" onclick="post()"></body><script>function get() {axios({method: "get",url: "http://localhost:8080/test"}).then(result => {console.log(result.data)})}function post() {axios({method: "post",url: "http://localhost:8080/test",data: "id=1&username=艾伦"}).then(result => {console.log(result.data)})}
</script></html>开始测试
将后端代码运行起来，然后在浏览器中打开前端页面。点击按钮后查看结果，可以看到后端成功响应了请求，并且前端也成功接收到了数据。
后端结果
前端结果
