机器人跳跃问题
原题链接:https://www.acwing.com/activity/content/problem/content/1570/
二分查找更新条件只有两种:
- R=mid;else L=mid+1:mid=(L+R)/2
- L=mid;else R =mid-1:mid=(L+R+1)/2
这两种更新条件的结果是一样的。
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>using namespace std;
const int N = 1e5 + 10;
int n;
int h[N];bool check(int e) {for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {e = e * 2 - h[i];if (e >= 1e5)return true;if (e < 0)return false;}return true;
}int main() {scanf("%d", &n);for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {scanf("%d", &h[i]);}int l = 0, r = 1e5;while (l < r) {int mid = (l + r) / 2;if (check(mid))r = mid;elsel = mid + 1;}printf("%d", l);return 0;
}
四平方和(拉格朗日定理)
原题链接:https://www.acwing.com/problem/content/1223/
- 数据范围5*1e6:最多只能枚举2个数
- 用空间换时间
三重循环时间太长:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include "cmath"using namespace std;
const int N = 5 * 1e6 + 10;
int n;int main() {scanf("%d", &n);for (int a = 0; a * a < n; a++) {for (int b = a; a * a + b * b < n; b++) {for (int c = b; a * a + b * b + c * c < n; c++) {int t = n - a * a - b * b - c * c;int d = sqrt(t);if (d * d == t) {printf("%d %d %d %d", a, b, c, d);return 0;}}}}return 0;
}
结构体+二分查找,可以通过oj:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>using namespace std;
const int N = 5 * 1e6 + 10;struct Sum {int s, c, d;bool operator<(const Sum &t) const {if (s != t.s)return s < t.s;if (c != t.c)return c < t.c;return d < t.d;}
} sum[N];int n, m;int main() {scanf("%d", &n);for (int c = 0; c * c <= n; c++) {for (int d = c; c * c + d * d <= n; d++) {sum[m++] = {c * c + d * d, c, d};}}sort(sum, sum + m);for (int a = 0; a * a <= n; a++) {for (int b = a; a * a + b * b <= n; b++) {int t = n - a * a - b * b;int l = 0, r = m - 1;while (l < r) {int mid = l + r >> 1;if (sum[mid].s >= t)r = mid;else l = mid + 1;}if (sum[l].s == t) {printf("%d %d %d %d", a, b, sum[l].c, sum[l].d);return 0;}}}return 0;
}
哈希在这道题中慢于二分:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include "unordered_map"#define x first
#define y second
using namespace std;
typedef pair<int, int> PII;
const int N = 5 * 1e6 + 10;
unordered_map<int, PII> s;
int n, m;int main() {scanf("%d", &n);for (int c = 0; c * c <= n; c++) {for (int d = c; c * c + d * d <= n; d++) {int t = c * c + d * d;if (s.count(t) == 0)s[t] = {c, d};}}for (int a = 0; a * a <= n; a++) {for (int b = a; a * a + b * b <= n; b++) {int t = n - a * a - b * b;if (s.count(t)) {printf("%d %d %d %d", a, b, s[t].x, s[t].y);return 0;}}}return 0;
}
分巧克力
原题链接:https://www.acwing.com/problem/content/1229/
要求符合check的最大值。
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include "unordered_map"using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
const int N = 1e5 + 0;
int n, m;
int h[N], w[N];bool check(int mid) {LL res = 0;for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {res += (LL) h[i] / mid * (w[i] / mid);if (res >= m)return true;}return false;
}int main() {scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {scanf("%d%d", &h[i], &w[i]);}int l = 1, r = 1e5;while (l < r) {int mid = l + r + 1 >> 1;if (check(mid))l = mid;else r = mid - 1;}printf("%d", l);return 0;
}
激光炸弹
原题链接:https://www.acwing.com/problem/content/101/
一共分为三个部分:
- 输入二维数组
- 计算前缀和
- 枚举所有区间
分别对应下面的三个for循环:
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>using namespace std;
const int N = 5010;
int sum[N][N];int main() {int n, r;cin >> n >> r;r = min(5001, r);int maxx = 0, maxy = 0;for (int i = 0, x, y, w; i < n; i++) {cin >> x >> y >> w;x++;y++;maxx = max(maxx, x);maxy = max(maxy, y);sum[x][y] += w;}for (int i = 1; i <= 5001; i++) {for (int j = 1; j <= 5001; j++) {sum[i][j] = sum[i][j] + sum[i - 1][j] + sum[i][j - 1] - sum[i - 1][j - 1];}}int res = 0;for (int i = r; i <= 5001; i++) {for (int j = r; j <= 5001; j++) {res = max(res, sum[i][j] - sum[i - r][j] - sum[i][j - r] + sum[i - r][j - r]);}}cout << res;return 0;
}
输入部分,sum[x][y]
需要通过+=
而不是=
。因为一个点可能有多个目标。
必须要调整r的范围,否则无法进入后面的循环。r = min(5001, r);
一直计算到了5001,是因为这个数字的平方复杂度比较小,可以接受。
K倍区间
原题链接:https://www.acwing.com/problem/content/1232/
如果通过枚举端点,累加求和的方式,复杂度为平方。也可以接受,但不是最优。
可以通过前缀和。
如果是K倍区间,那么两个前缀和做差之后模K余0。
这两个前缀和一定是模K同余的。
可以将同余的个数N存储起来。
那么同余的K倍区间的个数就是1+2+…N-1。
把所有余数的情况的加起来就是最终的答案。
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;const int N = 1e5 + 10;
int n, k;
LL s[N];
int cnt[N];int main() {scanf("%d%d", &n, &k);for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {scanf("%d", s + i);s[i] += s[i - 1];}LL res = 0;cnt[0]++;for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {res += cnt[s[i] % k];cnt[s[i] % k]++;}printf("%lld", res);return 0;
}
上面的代码把累加的过程放在for循环中,一个字 ,绝!