前言

一些字符在 HTML 中是预留的，拥有特殊的含义，比如小于号‘<’用于定义 HTML 标签的开始。如果我们希望浏览器正确地显示这些字符，我们必须在 HTML 源码中插入字符实体。

字符实体有三部分：一个和号‘&’和一个实体名称（或者一个‘#’ 和一个实体编号），以及一个分号‘;’。

要在 HTML 文档中显示小于号，我们需要这样写：&lt; 或者‘<’最后的效果则是<。

使用实体名称而不是实体编号的好处在于，名称相对来说更容易记忆。而这么做的坏处是，并不是所有的浏览器都支持最新的实体名称，然而几乎所有的浏览器对实体编号的支持都很好。

注意：实体对大小写敏感。 

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一、HTML 特殊字符

HTML实体	字符	实体编号	描述	CSS (ISO)	JS (Octal)
"	"	"	引号	\0022	\42
#	#	#	数字符号	\0023	\43
$	$	$	美元符号	\0024	\44
%	%	%	百分号	\0025	\45
&	&	&	和号	\0026	\46
'	'	'	撇号	\0027	\47
(	(	(	左括号	\0028	\50
)	)	)	右括号	\0029	\51
*	*	*	星号	\002a	\52
+	+	+	加号	\002b	\53
,	,	,	逗号	\002c	\54
−	-	-	连字符减号	\002d	\55
.	.	.	句号	\002e	\56
/	/	/	固相线	\002f	\57
:	:	:	冒号	\003a	\72
;	;	&#59;	分号	\003b	\73
&lt;	<	&#60;	少于	\003c	\74
&equals;	=	&#61;	等于	\003d	\75
&gt;	>	&#62;	大于号	\003e	\76
&quest;	?	&#63;	问号	\003f	\77
&commat;	@	&#64;	在标志处	\0040	\100
&lsqb;	[	&#91;	左方括号	\005b	\133
&bsol;	\	&#92;	反斜杠	\005c	\134
&rsqb;	]	&#93;	右方括号	\005d	\135
&Hat;	^	&#94;	抑扬顿挫	\005e	\136
&lowbar;	_	&#95;	低线	\005f	\137
&grave;	`	&#96;	重音	\0060	\u0060
&lcub;	{	&#123;	左大括号	\007b	\173
&verbar;	|	&#124;	竖线	\007c	\174
&rcub;	}	&#125;	右大括号	\007d	\175
	~	&#126;	波浪号	\007e	\176

二、HTML 拉丁语

HTML实体	字符	实体编号	描述	CSS (ISO)	JS (Octal)
 		 	no-break space	\00a0	\240
¡	¡	¡	inverted exclamation mark	\00a1	\241
¢	¢	¢	cent sign	\00a2	\242
£	£	£	pound sterling sign	\00a3	\243
¤	¤	¤	general currency sign	\00a4	\244
¥	¥	¥	yen sign	\00a5	\245
₹	₹	₹	Indian Rupee (INR) sign	\20B9	\u20B9
¦	¦	¦	broken (vertical) bar	\00a6	\246
§	§	§	section sign	\00a7	\247
¨	¨	¨	umlaut (dieresis)	\00a8	\250
©	©	©	copyright sign	\00a9	\251
ª	ª	ª	ordinal indicator, feminine	\00aa	\252
«	«	«	angle quotation mark, left	\00ab	\253
¬	¬	¬	not sign	\00ac	\254
­	­	­	soft hyphen	\00ad	\255
®	®	®	registered sign	\00ae	\256
¯	¯	¯	macron	\00af	\257
°	°	°	degree sign	\00b0	\260
±	±	±	plus-or-minus sign	\00b1	\261
²	²	²	superscript two	\00b2	\262
³	³	³	superscript three	\00b3	\263
´	´	´	acute accent	\00b4	\264
µ	µ	µ	micro sign	\00b5	\265
¶	¶	¶	pilcrow (paragraph sign)	\00b6	\266
·	·	·	middle dot	\00b7	\267
¸	¸	¸	cedilla	\00b8	\270
¹	¹	¹	superscript one	\00b9	\271
º	º	º	ordinal indicator, masculine	\00ba	\272
»	»	»	angle quotation mark, right	\00bb	\273
¼	¼	¼	fraction one-quarter	\00bc	\274
½	½	½	fraction one-half	\00bd	\275
¾	¾	¾	fraction three-quarters	\00be	\276
¿	¿	¿	inverted question mark	\00bf	\277
À	À	À	capital A, grave accent	\00c0	\300
Á	Á	Á	capital A, acute accent	\00c1	\301
Â	Â	&#194 ;	capital A, circumflex accent	\00c2	\302
Ã	Ã	Ã	capital A, tilde	\00c3	\303
Ä	Ä	Ä	capital A, dieresis or umlaut mark	\00c4	\304
Å	Å	Å	capital A, ring	\00c5	\305
Æ	Æ	Æ	capital AE diphthong (ligature)	\00c6	\306
Ç	Ç	Ç	capital C, cedilla	\00c7	\307
È	È	È	capital E, grave accent	\00c8	\310
É	É	É	capital E, acute accent	\00c9	\311
Ê	Ê	Ê	capital E, circumflex accent	\00ca	\312
Ë	Ë	Ë	capital E, dieresis or umlaut mark	\00cb	\313
Ì	Ì	Ì	capital I, grave accent	\00cc	\314
Í	Í	Í	capital I, acute accent	\00cd	\315
Î	Î	Î	capital I, circumflex accent	\00ce	\316
Ï	Ï	Ï	capital I, dieresis or umlaut mark	\00cf	\317
Ð	Ð	Ð	capital Eth, Icelandic	\00d0	\320
Ñ	Ñ	Ñ	capital N, tilde	\00d1	\321
Ò	Ò	Ò	capital O, grave accent	\00d2	\322
Ó	Ó	Ó	capital O, acute accent	\00d3	\323
Ô	Ô	Ô	capital O, circumflex accent	\00d4	\324
Õ	Õ	Õ	capital O, tilde	\00d5	\325
Ö	Ö	Ö	capital O, dieresis or umlaut mark	\00d6	\326
×	×	×	multiply sign	\00d7	\327
Ø	Ø	Ø	capital O, slash	\00d8	\330
Ù	Ù	Ù	capital U, grave accent	\00d9	\331
Ú	Ú	Ú	capital U, acute accent	\00da	\332
Û	Û	Û	capital U, circumflex accent	\00db	\333
Ü	Ü	Ü	capital U, dieresis or umlaut mark	\00dc	\334
Ý	Ý	Ý	capital Y, acute accent	\00dd	\335
Þ	Þ	Þ	capital THORN, Icelandic	\00de	\336
ß	ß	ß	small sharp s, German (sz ligature)	\00df	\337
à	à	à	small a, grave accent	\00e0	\340
á	á	á	small a, acute accent	\00e1	\341
â	â	â	small a, circumflex accent	\00e2	\342
ã	ã	ã	small a, tilde	\00e3	\343
ä	ä	ä	small a, dieresis or umlaut mark	\00e4	\344
å	å	å	small a, ring	\00e5	\345
æ	æ	æ	small ae diphthong (ligature)	\00e6	\346
ç	ç	ç	small c, cedilla	\00e7	\347
è	è	è	small e, grave accent	\00e8	\350
é	é	é	small e, acute accent	\00e9	\351
ê	ê	ê	small e, circumflex accent	\00ea	\352
ë	ë	ë	small e, dieresis or umlaut mark	\00eb	\353
ì	ì	ì	small i, grave accent	\00ec	\354
í	í	í	small i, acute accent	\00ed	\355
î	î	î	small i, circumflex accent	\00ee	\356
ï	ï	ï	small i, dieresis or umlaut mark	\00ef	\357
ð	ð	ð	small eth, Icelandic	\00f0	\360
ñ	ñ	ñ	small n, tilde	\00f1	\361
ò	ò	ò	small o, grave accent	\00f2	\362
ó	ó	ó	small o, acute accent	\00f3	\363
ô	ô	ô	small o, circumflex accent	\00f4	\364
õ	õ	õ	small o, tilde	\00f5	\365
ö	ö	ö	small o, dieresis or umlaut mark	\00f6	\366
÷	÷	÷	divide sign	\00f7	\367
ø	ø	ø	small o, slash	\00f8	\370
ù	ù	ù	small u, grave accent	\00f9	\371
ú	ú	ú	small u, acute accent	\00fa	\372
û	û	û	small u, circumflex accent	\00fb	\373
ü	ü	ü	small u, dieresis or umlaut mark	\00fc	\374
ý	ý	ý	small y, acute accent	\00fd	\375
þ	þ	þ	small thorn, Icelandic	\00fe	\376
ÿ	ÿ	ÿ	small y, dieresis or umlaut mark	\00ff	\377
Œ	Œ	Œ	latin capital ligature oe	\0152	\u0152
œ	œ	œ	latin small ligature oe	\0153	\u0153
Š	Š	Š	latin capital letter s with caron	\0160	\u0160
š	š	š	latin small letter s with caron	\0161	\u0161
Ÿ	Ÿ	Ÿ	latin capital letter y with diaeresis	\0178	\u0178
ƒ	ƒ	ƒ	latin small f with hook	\0192	\u0192

三、HTML 希腊语

HTML实体	字符	实体编号	描述	CSS (ISO)	JS (Octal)
Α	Α	Α	greek capital letter alpha	\0391	\u0391
Β	Β	Β	greek capital letter beta	\0392	\u0392
Γ	Γ	Γ	greek capital letter gamma	\0393	\u0395
Δ	Δ	Δ	greek capital letter delta	\0394	\u0394
Ε	Ε	Ε	greek capital letter epsilon	\0395	\u0395
Ζ	Ζ	Ζ	greek capital letter zeta	\0396	\u0396
Η	Η	Η	greek capital letter eta	\0397	\u0397
Θ	Θ	Θ	greek capital letter theta	\0398	\u0398
Ι	Ι	Ι	greek capital letter iota	\0399	\u0399
Κ	Κ	Κ	greek capital letter kappa	\039a	\u039a
Λ	Λ	Λ	greek capital letter lambda	\039b	\u039b
Μ	Μ	Μ	greek capital letter mu	\039c	\u039c
Ν	Ν	Ν	greek capital letter nu	\039d	\u039D
Ξ	Ξ	Ξ	greek capital letter xi	\039e	\u039e
Ο	Ο	Ο	greek capital letter omicron	\039f	\u039f
Π	Π	Π	greek capital letter pi	\03a0	\u03a0
Ρ	Ρ	Ρ	greek capital letter rho	\03a1	\u03a1
Σ	Σ	Σ	greek capital letter sigma	\03a3	\u03A3
Τ	Τ	Τ	greek capital letter tau	\03a4	\u03A4
Υ	Υ	Υ	greek capital letter upsilon	\03a5	\u03A5
Φ	Φ	Φ	greek capital letter phi	\03a6	\u03A6
Χ	Χ	Χ	greek capital letter chi	\03a7	\u03A7
Ψ	Ψ	Ψ	greek capital letter psi	\03a8	\u03A8
Ω	Ω	Ω	greek capital letter omega	\03a9	\u03A9
α	α	α	greek small letter alpha	\03b1	\u03b1
β	β	β	greek small letter beta	\03b2	\u03b2
γ	γ	γ	greek small letter gamma	\03b3	\u03b3
δ	δ	δ	greek small letter delta	\03b4	\u03b4
ε	ε	ε	greek small letter epsilon	\03b5	\u03b5
ζ	ζ	ζ	greek small letter zeta	\03b6	\u03b6
η	η	η	greek small letter eta	\03b7	\u03b7
θ	θ	θ	greek small letter theta	\03b8	\u03b8
ι	ι	ι	greek small letter iota	\03b9	\u03b9
κ	κ	κ	greek small letter kappa	\03ba	\u03ba
λ	λ	λ	greek small letter lambda	\03bb	\u03bb
μ	μ	μ	greek small letter mu	\03bc	\u03bc
ν	ν	ν	greek small letter nu	\03bd	\u03bd
ξ	ξ	ξ	greek small letter xi	\03be	\u03be
ο	ο	ο	greek small letter omicron	\03bf	\u03bf
π	π	π	greek small letter pi	\03c0	\u03c0
ρ	ρ	ρ	greek small letter rho	\03c1	\u03c1
ς	ς	ς	greek small letter final sigma	\03C2	\u03c2
σ	σ	σ	greek small letter sigma	\03C3	\u03c3
τ	τ	τ	greek small letter tau	\03C4	\u03c4
υ	υ	υ	greek small letter upsilon	\03C5	\u03c5
φ	φ	φ	greek small letter phi	\03C6	\03c6
χ	χ	χ	greek small letter chi	\03C7	\u03c7
ψ	ψ	ψ	greek small letter psi	\03C8	\u03c8
ω	ω	ω	greek small letter omega	\03C9	\u03c9
ϑ	ϑ	ϑ	greek small letter theta symbol	\03D1	\u03D1
ϒ	ϒ	ϒ	greek upsilon with hook symbol	\03D2	\u03D2
ϖ	ϖ	ϖ	greek pi symbol	\03D6	\u03D6

四、HTML 标点符号

HTML实体	字符	实体编号	描述	CSS (ISO)	JS (Octal)
 		 	en space	\2002	\u2002
 		 	em space	\2003	\u2003
 		 	thin space	\2009	\u2009
‌	‌	‌	zero width non-joiner	\200C	\u200C
‍	‍	‍	zero width joiner	\200D	\u200d
‎	‎	‎	left-to-right mark	\200E	\u200e
‏	‏	‏	right-to-left mark	\200F	\u200f
–	–	–	en dash	\2013	\u2013
—	—	—	em dash	\2014	\u2014
‘	‘	‘	left single quotation mark	\2018	\u2018
’	’	’	right single quotation mark	\2019	\u2019
‚	‚	‚	single low-9 quotation mark	\201A	\u201a
“	“	“	left double quotation mark	\201C	\u201c
”	”	”	right double quotation mark	\201D	\u201d
„	„	„	double low-9 quotation mark	\201E	\u201e
†	†	†	dagger	\2020	\u2020
‡	‡	‡	double dagger	\2021	\u2021
‰	‰	‰	per mille sign	\2030	\u2030
‹	‹	‹	single left-pointing angle quotation mark	\2039	\u2039
›	›	›	single right-pointing angle quotation mark	\203A	\u203a
•	•	•	bullet, aka. black small circle	\2022	\u2219
…	…	…	horizontal ellipsis, aka three dot leader	\2026	\u2026
′	′	′	prime, aka minutes, aka feet	\2032	\u2032
″	″	″	double prime, aka seconds, aka inches	\2033	\u2033
‾	‾	‾	overline, aka spacing overscore	\203E	\u203e
⁄	⁄	⁄	fraction slash	\2044	\u8260

五、HTML 箭头

HTML实体	字符	实体编号	描述	CSS (ISO)	JS (Octal)
←	←	←	向左箭头	\2190	\u2190
↑	↑	↑	向上箭头	\2191	\u2191
→	→	→	向右箭头	\2192	\u2192
↓	↓	↓	向下箭头	\2193	\u2193
↔	↔	↔	左右双向箭头	\2194	\u2194
↵	↵	↵	回车箭头	\21B5	\u21b5
⇐	⇐	⇐	向左的双箭头	\21D0	\u21d0
⇑	⇑	⇑	向上的双箭头	\21D1	\u21d1
⇒	⇒	⇒	向右的双箭头	\21D2	\u21d2
⇓	⇓	⇓	向下的双箭头	\21D3	\ud1d3
⇔	⇔	⇔	左右双向的双箭头	\21D4	\u21d4
	◄	◄	向左的黑色实心箭头	\25C0	\u25c0
	►	►	向右的黑色实心箭头	\25b6	\u25b6
	▲	▲	向上的黑色实心箭头	\25b2	\25b2
	▼	▼	向下的黑色实心箭头	\25bc	\25bc

六、HTML 数学运算符

HTML实体	字符	实体编号	描述	CSS (ISO)	JS (Octal)
∀	∀	∀	for all	\2200	\u2200
∂	∂	∂	partial differential	\2202	\u2202
∃	∃	∃	there exists	\2203	\u2203
∅	∅	∅	empty set, aka null set, aka diameter	\2205	\u2205
∇	∇	∇	nabla, aka bakad difference	\2207	\u2207
∈	∈	∈	element of	\2208	\u2208
∉	∉	∉	not an element of	\2209	\u2209
∋	∋	∋	contains as member	\220B	\u220b
∏	∏	∏	n-ary product, aka product sign	\220F	\u03a0
∑	∑	∑	n-ary sumation	\2211	\u03a3
−	−	−	minus sign	\2212	\u2212
∗	∗	∗	asterisk operator	\2217	\u2217
√	√	√	square root, aka radical sign	\221A	\u221a
∝	∝	∝	proportional to	\221D	\u221d
∞	∞	∞	infinity	\221E	\u221e
∠	∠	∠	angle	\2220	\u2220
∧	⊥	⊥	logical and, aka wedge	\2227	\u2227
∨	⊦	⊦	logical or, aka vee	\2228	\u2228
∩	∩	∩	intersection, aka cap	\2229	\u2229
∪	∪	∪	union, aka cup	\222A	\u222a
∫	∫	∫	integral	\222B	\u222b
∴	∴	∴	therefore	\2234	\u2234
∼	∼	∼	tilde	\223C	\u223c
≅	≅	≅	approximately equal to	\2245	\u2245
≈	≈	≈	almost equal to, aka asymptotic to	\2248	\u2248
≠	≠	≠	not equal to	\2260	\u2260
≡	≡	≡	identical to	\2261	\u2261
≤	≤	≤	less-than or equal to	\2264	\u2264
≥	≥	≥	greater-than or equal to	\2265	\u2265
⊂	⊂	⊂	subset of	\2282	\u2282
⊃	⊃	⊃	superset of	\2283	\u2283
⊄	⊄	⊄	not a subset of	\2284	\u2284
⊆	⊆	⊆	subset of or equal to	\2286	\u2286
⊇	⊇	⊇	superset of or equal to	\2287	\u2287
⊕	⊕	⊕	circled plus, aka direct sum	\2295	\u2295
⊗	⊗	⊗	circled times, aka vector product	\2297	\u2297
⊥	⊥	⊥	up tack	\22A5	\u22a5
⋅	⋅	⋅	dot operator	\22C5	\u22c5

七、HTML 其他

HTML实体	字符	实体编号	描述	CSS (ISO)	JS (Octal)
◊	◊	◊	菱形	\25CA	\u25ca
♠	♠	♠	黑桃	\2660	\u2660
♣	♣	♣	梅花	\2663	\u2663
♥	♥	♥	黑心套装，又名情人节	\2665	\u2665
♦	♦	♦	方块	\2666	\u2666
℘	℘	℘	不知道怎么描述，看符号吧	\2118	\u2118
ℑ	ℑ	ℑ	不知道怎么描述，看符号吧	\2111	\u2111
ℜ	ℜ	ℜ	不知道怎么描述，看符号吧	\211C	\u211c
™	™	™	商标标志	\2122	\u2122
ℵ	ℵ	ℵ	不知道怎么描述，看符号吧	\2135	\u
ˆ	ˆ		向上的尖括号	\02c6	\u02c6
˜	˜		小波浪	\02dc	\u02dc