【数字电路与系统】【北京航空航天大学】实验：时序逻辑设计——三色灯开关（二）、需求分析和系统设计-编程知识

本次实验（一）见博客：【数字电路与系统】【北京航空航天大学】实验：时序逻辑设计——三色灯开关（一）、实验指导书

说明：本次实验的代码使用verilog编写，文章中为阅读方便，故采用matlab代码格式。

实验二、时序逻辑设计——三色灯开关（实验报告部分）

2、实验报告

2.1、需求分析

本次实验要求设计一种通过操作开关的时间控制灯光颜色的开关，该灯具含有两组LED白光灯芯和两组LED黄光灯芯，且开关的功能大致分为四种情况：
1、如果灯具发出白光时断开开关，且在1秒之内再次闭合开关，则灯具发出日光；
2、如果灯具发出日光时断开开关，且在1秒之内再次闭合开关，则灯具发出黄光；
3、如果灯具发出黄光时断开开关，则再次闭合开关之后，灯具发出白光；
4、如果开关断开的时间超过1秒，则开关闭合后，灯具发出白光。
因此可以总结出该灯具大致的工作流程为：白光——日光——黄光——白光，且时延Δt = 1秒，故可以设置cnt变量用于计时。

扩展实验要求：
开发时序逻辑电路，将按动开关的操作（“开”、“关”）以及按动开关之间的时间间隔（以
10ms为单位，进行0~127编码，分别代表0s至1.27s，超过1.27s均算作1.27s）以数码的形式“录制”下来，记录深度至少为16条操作序列（至少能保存16次操作）；
按动实验板上的一个按键，可以将记录的内容用UART依次上传并显示到PC机终端上。

2.2、系统设计

2.2.1、总体设计思路

模块：按照设计需求，分为 “mode_run” 模块 & “mode_demo” 模块以及用于按键去抖的debounce模块。
由于题目要求延时一定时间后重新设定状态，故可以设置一cnt变量用于计时；使用RESET进行复位。
拓展实验：
通过Uart_ClkDiv进行时钟分频，Key进行按键消抖，Uart_Tx作为上传数据模块，time_cnt作为记录数据并依次上传模块。

2.2.2、接口设计

mode_run：
input clk (系统时钟), rst (重置);
key0 (按键0)   LOC = P2;
key1 (按键1)   LOC = P3;
NET "led[0]" LOC = P79;
NET "led[1]" LOC = P83;
NET "led[2]" LOC = P84;
NET "led[3]" LOC = P85;
NET "clk" LOC = P36;
NET "rst" LOC = P11;
NET "key0" LOC = P2;
NET "key1" LOC = P3;mode_demo：NET "light[0]" LOC = P23;
NET "light[1]" LOC = P18;
NET "light[2]" LOC = P15;
NET "light[3]" LOC = P16;
NET "light[4]" LOC = P17;
NET "light[5]" LOC = P22;
NET "light[6]" LOC = P24;
NET "clk" LOC = P36;
NET "dp" LOC = P12;
NET "com[0]" LOC = P27;
NET "com[1]" LOC = P26;
NET "key0" LOC = P2;
NET "key1" LOC = P3;
NET "rst" LOC = P11;Uart_time:
NET "Sys_CLK" LOC = P36;
NET "Key_In[0]" LOC = P32;
NET "Key_In[1]" LOC = P2;
NET "Sys_RST" LOC = P11;
NET "Sys_RST" PULLUP;
NET "Signal_Tx" LOC = P10;

2.2.3、mode_run模块

在这里插入图片描述

图 1 状态机流程图

module mode_run_1(clk,rst,key0,key1,led);input 						clk				;input							rst				;input 						key0				;input 						key1				;wire							key_0				;wire							key_1				;output reg	[3:0] 		led				;debounce instance_name0 (.clk(clk), .rst(rst), .key(key0), .key_pulse(key_0));debounce instance_name1 (.clk(clk), .rst(rst), .key(key1), .key_pulse(key_1));reg	[24:0]				cnt				;parameter C_25M       = 25'd24_999_999;//信号定义reg  	[3:0]					state_b			;//状态机参数parameter S0          = 4'b0000			;parameter S1          = 4'b0001			;parameter S2          = 4'b0011			;parameter S3          = 4'b0101			;parameter S4          = 4'b1111			;parameter S5          = 4'b0100			;parameter S6          = 4'b1100			;initial beginstate_b <= S0;led <= S0;cnt <= 25'b0;end//一段式状态机always@(posedge clk or negedge rst) beginif(!rst)	beginstate_b <= S0;led <= S0;cnt <= 25'b0;endelse beginif(key_0 == 1) cnt <= 25'b0;else cnt <= cnt + 1;if(cnt >= C_25M && led == S0) state_b <= S0;else 	state_b <= state_b;case(led)S0: beginif(key_0 == 1) begincase(state_b)S0: beginstate_b <= S1;led <= S1;endS1: beginstate_b <= S3;led <= S3;endS2: beginstate_b <= S4;led <= S4;endS3: beginstate_b <= S5;led <= S5;endS4: beginstate_b <= S6;led <= S6;endS5: beginstate_b <= S1;led <= S1;endS6: beginstate_b <= S2;led <= S2;enddefault: beginstate_b <= state_b;led <= led;endendcaseendelse beginled <= S0;endendS1: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S1;led <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S2;led <= S2;endendS2: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S2;led <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S1;led <= S1;endendS3: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S3;led <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S4;led <= S4;endendS4: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S4;led <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S3;led <= S3;endendS5: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S5;led <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S6;led <= S6;endendS6: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S6;led <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S5;led <= S5;endenddefault: beginstate_b <= state_b;led <= led;endendcaseendend
endmodule

2.2.4、debounce模块

该模块为防抖模块。对按键KEY进行消抖，达到输入信号稳定且有效的目的。

2.2.5、mode_demo模块

module mode_demo_1(clk,rst,key0,key1,dp,light,com);input 						clk				;input							rst				;input 						key0				;input 						key1				;wire							key_0				;wire							key_1				;output reg [1:0]			com				;output reg 					dp					;output reg [6:0]			light				;debounce instance_name0 (.clk(clk), .rst(rst), .key(key0), .key_pulse(key_0));debounce instance_name1 (.clk(clk), .rst(rst), .key(key1), .key_pulse(key_1));//信号定义reg  	[3:0]					state_b			;reg	[3:0]					state_c			;//状态机参数parameter S0          = 4'b0000			;parameter S1          = 4'b0001			;parameter S2          = 4'b0011			;parameter S3          = 4'b0101			;parameter S4          = 4'b1111			;parameter S5          = 4'b0100			;parameter S6          = 4'b1100			;//数码管译码parameter DATA0   	 = 7'b0111111  	;parameter DATA1  		 = 7'b0000110  	;parameter DATA2 		 = 7'b1011011  	;parameter DATA3		 = 7'b1001111  	;parameter DATA4   	 = 7'b1100110  	;parameter DATA5 	    = 7'b1101101  	;parameter DATA6 	    = 7'b1111101  	;parameter DATA7 	    = 7'b0000111  	;parameter DATA8 	    = 7'b1111111  	;parameter DATA9 	    = 7'b1101111  	;reg sec_pls;	//产生秒脉冲reg [25:0] sec_cnt;always@(posedge clk or negedge rst) beginif(key_0 == 1) beginsec_pls <= 1'b0;sec_cnt <= 26'b0;endelse beginsec_pls <= sec_pls;sec_cnt <= sec_cnt;endif(!rst) beginsec_pls <= 1'b0;sec_cnt <= 26'b0;endelse if(sec_cnt == 26'd50_000_000) beginsec_pls <= 1'b1;sec_cnt <= 26'b0;endelse beginsec_pls <= 1'b0;sec_cnt <= sec_cnt + 1;endendreg [6:0] sec;reg [3:0] tmp;reg [3:0] num;reg [3:0] buf0;reg [3:0] buf1;reg		 dp1;//计数器，约10ms扫描一次，用于数码管动态显示reg [16:0] cnt;always@(posedge clk or negedge rst) beginif(!rst)	cnt <= 17'b0;else if(cnt == 17'b11111111111111111)	begincnt <= 17'b0;endelse	cnt <= cnt + 1;endalways@(posedge clk or negedge rst) beginif(!rst)	beginstate_c <= S0;state_b <= S0;dp <= 0;endelse beginif(sec >= 10 && state_c == S0) state_b <= S0;else 	state_b <= state_b;case(state_c)S0: beginif(key_0 == 1) begincase(state_b)S0: beginstate_b <= S1;state_c <= S1;endS1: beginstate_b <= S3;state_c <= S3;endS2: beginstate_b <= S4;state_c <= S4;endS3: beginstate_b <= S5;state_c <= S5;endS4: beginstate_b <= S6;state_c <= S6;endS5: beginstate_b <= S1;state_c <= S1;endS6: beginstate_b <= S2;state_c <= S2;enddefault: beginstate_b <= state_b;state_c <= state_c;endendcaseendelse beginstate_b <= state_b;state_c <= S0;endendS1: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S1;state_c <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S2;state_c <= S2;endendS2: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S2;state_c <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S1;state_c <= S1;endendS3: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S3;state_c <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S4;state_c <= S4;endendS4: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S4;state_c <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S3;state_c <= S3;endendS5: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S5;state_c <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S6;state_c <= S6;endendS6: beginif(key_0 == 1) beginstate_b <= S6;state_c <= S0;endelse if(key_1 == 1) beginstate_b <= S5;state_c <= S5;endenddefault: beginstate_c <= state_c;state_b <= state_b;endendcaseendif(key_0 == 1) beginsec <= 7'b0;num <= 4'b0;com <= 2'b00;light <= DATA0;endelse	sec <= sec;if(!rst) beginsec <= 7'b0;light <= DATA0;endelse if(sec_pls) beginif(sec == 7'd99) beginsec <= 7'b0;num <= 4'b0;light <= DATA0;endelse beginsec <= sec + 1;case(state_c)		//dp位表示状态S0: beginif(sec >= 7'd10)	state_b <= S0;else					state_b <= state_b;endS2: begindp1 <= ~dp1;endS4: begindp1 <= ~dp1;endS6: begindp1 <= ~dp1;endendcaseendend//显示模块if(!rst)	beginnum <= 4'b0;com <= 2'b00;endelse beginif(sec >= 0 && sec < 10) begin	//数码管显示数字buf1 <= 0;buf0 <= sec[3:0];endelse if(sec >= 10 && sec < 20) beginbuf1 <= 4'd1;tmp <= (sec - 7'd10);buf0 <= tmp[3:0];endelse if(sec >= 20 && sec < 30) beginbuf1 <= 4'd2;tmp <= sec - 7'd20;buf0 <= tmp[3:0];endelse if(sec >= 30 && sec < 40) beginbuf1 <= 4'd3;tmp <= sec - 7'd30;buf0 <= tmp[3:0];endelse if(sec >= 40 && sec < 50) beginbuf1 <= 4'd4;tmp <= sec - 7'd40;buf0 <= tmp[3:0];endelse if(sec >= 50 && sec < 60) beginbuf1 <= 4'd5;tmp <= sec - 7'd50;buf0 <= tmp[3:0];endelse if(sec >= 60 && sec < 70) beginbuf1 <= 4'd6;tmp <= sec - 7'd60;buf0 <= tmp[3:0];endelse if(sec >= 70 && sec < 80) beginbuf1 <= 4'd7;tmp <= sec - 7'd70;buf0 <= tmp[3:0];endelse if(sec >= 80 && sec < 90) beginbuf1 <= 4'd8;tmp <= sec - 7'd80;buf0 <= tmp[3:0];endelse if(sec >= 90 && sec < 100) beginbuf1 <= 4'd9;tmp <= sec - 7'd90;buf0 <= tmp[3:0];endcase(cnt[16])1'b0: begincom <= 2'b01;num <= buf0;case(state_c)S0:		dp <= 0;S1:		dp <= 1;S2:		dp <= dp1;S3:		dp <= 1;S4:		dp <= dp1;S5:		dp <= 0;S6:		dp <= 0;default:	dp <= 0;endcaseend1'b1: begincom <= 2'b10;num <= buf1;case(state_c)S0:		dp <= 0;S1:		dp <= 0;S2:		dp <= 0;S3:		dp <= 1;S4:		dp <= dp1;S5:		dp <= 1;S6:		dp <= dp1;default:	dp <= 0;endcaseendendcasecase(num)				//个位4'd0:	light <= DATA0;4'd1:	light <= DATA1;4'd2:	light <= DATA2;4'd3:	light <= DATA3;4'd4:	light <= DATA4;4'd5:	light <= DATA5;4'd6:	light <= DATA6;4'd7:	light <= DATA7;4'd8:	light <= DATA8;4'd9:	light <= DATA9;default: light <= DATA0;endcaseend
endendmodule

2.2.6、time_cnt模块

module time_cnt(Sys_CLK,Sys_RST,Idle,Key_In,send_data,send_en);input Sys_CLK;
input Sys_RST;
input Idle;
input [1:0]Key_In;
output reg [7:0] send_data;
output reg send_en;reg key0_d1;
reg key0_d2;
reg key1_d1;
reg key1_d2;
reg [7:0] time_cnt;
reg [3:0] send_cnt;reg [17:0]Div_Cnt = 18'd0;  //
reg Div_CLK_10ms = 1'b0;
reg Div_CLK_10ms_d1 = 1'b0;
reg Div_CLK_10ms_d2 = 1'b0;
reg cnt_flag;
reg send_flag;reg [7:0] send_data_reg [0:15];always@(posedge Sys_CLK or negedge Sys_RST)
beginif(!Sys_RST)beginkey0_d1 <= 1'b0;key0_d2 <= 1'b0;Div_CLK_10ms_d1 <= 1'b0;Div_CLK_10ms_d2 <= 1'b0;endelsebeginkey0_d1 <= Key_In[0];key0_d2 <= key0_d1;Div_CLK_10ms_d1 <= Div_CLK_10ms;Div_CLK_10ms_d2 <= Div_CLK_10ms_d1;end
endalways@(posedge Div_CLK_10ms or negedge Sys_RST)
beginif(!Sys_RST)beginkey1_d1 <= 1'b0;key1_d2 <= 1'b0;endelsebeginkey1_d1 <= Key_In[1];key1_d2 <= key1_d1;end
endalways@(posedge Sys_CLK)
beginif(Div_Cnt == 18'd250000)beginDiv_Cnt = 18'd0;Div_CLK_10ms = ~Div_CLK_10ms;endelseDiv_Cnt = Div_Cnt + 1'd1;
endalways@(posedge Sys_CLK or negedge Sys_RST)
beginif(!Sys_RST)begintime_cnt <= 8'd0;cnt_flag <= 1'b0;endelse if(key0_d1 && !key0_d2) //risebegintime_cnt <= 8'd0;cnt_flag <= 1'b1;endelse if(!key0_d1 && key0_d2) //fallbegintime_cnt <= 8'd0;cnt_flag <= 1'b0;endelse if(cnt_flag  && Div_CLK_10ms_d1 && !Div_CLK_10ms_d2) begintime_cnt <= time_cnt + 8'd1;endendalways@(posedge Sys_CLK  or negedge Sys_RST)beginif(!Sys_RST)beginsend_data_reg[0] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[1] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[2] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[3] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[4] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[5] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[6] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[7] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[8] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[9] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[10] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[11] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[12] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[13] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[14] <= 8'd0;send_data_reg[15] <= 8'd0;
//		send_data_reg[12] <= 8'd31;
//		send_data_reg[13] <= 8'd42;
//		send_data_reg[14] <= 8'd53;
//		send_data_reg[15] <= 8'd64;endelse  if(!key0_d1 && key0_d2)beginsend_data_reg[0] <= time_cnt;send_data_reg[1] <= send_data_reg[0];send_data_reg[2] <= send_data_reg[1];send_data_reg[3] <= send_data_reg[2];send_data_reg[4] <= send_data_reg[3];send_data_reg[5] <= send_data_reg[4];send_data_reg[6] <= send_data_reg[5];send_data_reg[7] <= send_data_reg[6];send_data_reg[8] <= send_data_reg[7];send_data_reg[9] <= send_data_reg[8];send_data_reg[10] <= send_data_reg[9];send_data_reg[11] <= send_data_reg[10];send_data_reg[12] <= send_data_reg[11];send_data_reg[13] <= send_data_reg[12];send_data_reg[14] <= send_data_reg[13];send_data_reg[15] <= send_data_reg[14];end
endalways@(posedge Div_CLK_10ms or negedge Sys_RST)
beginif(!Sys_RST)beginsend_data <= 8'd0;send_en <= 1'b0;send_flag <= 1'b0;endelse if(key1_d1 && !key1_d2)beginsend_data <= send_data_reg[0];send_en <= 1'b1;send_flag <= 1'b1;endelse if(send_flag && !Idle && send_en == 1'b0 && send_cnt < 4'd15)beginsend_data <= send_data_reg[send_cnt];
//		send_data <= send_data_reg[0];send_en <= 1'b1;send_flag <= 1'b1;endelse if(send_flag && !Idle &&   send_en == 1'b0 && send_cnt == 4'd15)begin
//		send_data <= send_data_reg[send_cnt];send_data <= send_data_reg[15];send_en <= 1'b1;send_flag <= 1'b0;endelsebeginsend_en <= 1'b0;end
endalways@(posedge Div_CLK_10ms or negedge Sys_RST)
beginif(!Sys_RST)beginsend_cnt <= 4'd0;endelse if(send_cnt < 4'd15 && send_en )beginsend_cnt <= send_cnt + 4'd1;end
endendmodule