excel转pdf的java实现-编程知识

一、实现原理

采用java调用vbs脚本调用office应用把excel转成pdf。

支持文件格式：xlsx,xls,csv

二、前期准备

1、安装office软件

2、准备vbs脚本文件，放到C:\excel2pdf_script\目录下。（本文只用2个文件）

三、VBS转换脚本

1、excel_start.vbs

' First, try to get a running instance.
On Error Resume Next
Dim excelApplication
Set excelApplication = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")' If MS Excel is already running, the script is successful.
If Err = 0 ThenWScript.Quit 3
End If
Err.clear' Start MS Excel.
Set excelApplication = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
excelApplication.DisplayAlerts = False
' Add a workbook to keep open, otherwise Excel is shut down implicitly.
excelApplication.Workbooks.Add
If Err <> 0 ThenWScript.Quit -6
End If' Disable execution of macros.
excelApplication.ExcelBasic.DisableAutoMacros' Exit and signal success.
WScript.Quit 3

2、excel_convert.vbs

' See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb243311%28v=office.12%29.aspx
Const WdExportFormatPDF = 17
Const MagicFormatPDF = 999Dim arguments
Set arguments = WScript.Arguments' Transforms a file using MS Excel into the given format.
Function ConvertFile( inputFile, outputFile, formatEnumeration )Dim fileSystemObjectDim excelApplicationDim excelDocument' Get the running instance of MS Excel. If Excel is not running, exit the conversion.On Error Resume NextSet excelApplication = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")If Err <> 0 ThenWScript.Quit -6End IfOn Error GoTo 0' Find the source file on the file system.Set fileSystemObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")inputFile = fileSystemObject.GetAbsolutePathName(inputFile)' Convert the source file only if it exists.If fileSystemObject.FileExists(inputFile) Then' Attempt to open the source document.On Error Resume NextSet excelDocument = excelApplication.Workbooks.Open(inputFile, , True)If Err <> 0 ThenWScript.Quit -2End IfOn Error GoTo 0' Convert: See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb221597.aspxOn Error Resume NextIf formatEnumeration = MagicFormatPDF ThenexcelDocument.ExportAsFixedFormat xlTypePDF, outputFileElseexcelDocument.SaveAs outputFile, formatEnumerationEnd If' Close the source document.excelDocument.Close FalseIf Err <> 0 ThenWScript.Quit -3End IfOn Error GoTo 0' Signal that the conversion was successful.WScript.Quit 2Else' Files does not exist, could not convertWScript.Quit -4End IfEnd Function' Execute the script.
Call ConvertFile( WScript.Arguments.Unnamed.Item(0), WScript.Arguments.Unnamed.Item(1), CInt(WScript.Arguments.Unnamed.Item(2)) )

3、excel_assert.vbs（这里用不到）

' Configure error handling to jump to next line.
On Error Resume Next' Try to get running MS Excel instance.
Dim excelApplication
Set excelApplication = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")' Signal whether or not such an instance could not be found.
If Err <> 0 thenWScript.Quit -6
ElseWScript.Quit 3
End If

4、excel_shutdown.vbs（如果不需要关闭的话也用不到）

' Try to get currently running instance of MS Excel.
On Error Resume Next
Dim excelApplication
Set excelApplication = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")' If no such instance can be found, MS Excel is already shut down.
If Err <> 0 ThenWScript.Quit 3
End If' Try to shut down MS Excel.
excelApplication.Quit' If this was impossible, exit with an error.
If Err <> 0 ThenWScript.Quit -6
End If
On Error GoTo 0' MS Excel was shut down successfully.
WScript.Quit 3

四、java调用VBS脚本执行转换

ExcelToPdfUtil.java

package com.lan.fts.util;import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;/*** Excel转pdf* @author lanhezhong* @date 2021年4月28日*/
public class ExcelToPdfUtil {private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());private static String start_script="C:\\excel2pdf_script\\excel_start.vbs";private static String convert_script="C:\\excel2pdf_script\\excel_convert.vbs";
//	private static String shutdown_script="C:\\excel2pdf_script\\excel_shutdown.vbs";private static volatile ExcelToPdfUtil instance=null;private static Runtime cmdRuntime=null;private ExcelToPdfUtil(){}public static ExcelToPdfUtil getInstance(){if(instance==null){synchronized (ExcelToPdfUtil.class) {if(instance==null){instance = new ExcelToPdfUtil();cmdRuntime=Runtime.getRuntime();try {cmdRuntime.exec("wscript "+start_script);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();throw new RuntimeException("wscript "+start_script+"fail.", e);}}}}return instance;}public boolean excelToPdf(String fromFilePath, String pdfFilePath){Process process = null;try {File f0 = new File(pdfFilePath);if(f0.exists()){return true;}process = cmdRuntime.exec("wscript "+convert_script+" "+fromFilePath+" "+pdfFilePath+" 999");boolean b = process.waitFor(180, TimeUnit.SECONDS);if(!b){log.error("等待180s仍然转化失败。文件：{}", fromFilePath);return false;}File f = new File(pdfFilePath);if(f.exists() && f.length()>10){return true;}return false;} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {log.error("文件转换失败：{}",fromFilePath, e);e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {process.destroyForcibly();process.destroy();}catch (Exception e){log.error("关闭进程失败", e);}}return false;}
}

五、运行测试

    public static void main(String[] args) {ExcelToPdfUtil.getInstance().excelToPdf("D:\\data\\out\\lanhezhong文件转换.xlsx", "D:\\data\\out\\lanhezhong文件转换.xlsx.pdf");}

运行结果：

总结：excel转pdf后，数据格式不是很好，和在excel中是不一样的。office转excel成pdf本身也有这个问题。

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author：蓝何忠
email：lanhezhong@163.com
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