感应关盖垃圾桶项目-编程知识

1.功能描述

检测靠近时，垃圾桶自动开盖并伴随滴一声，2秒后关盖

发生震动时，垃圾桶自动开盖并伴随滴一声，2秒后关盖

按下按键时，垃圾桶自动开盖并伴随滴一声，2秒后关盖

2.硬件说明

SG90舵机，超声波模块，震动传感器，蜂鸣器

接线说明

舵机控制口 P1.1；超声波Trig接 P1.5 ,Echo接 P1.6 ；

蜂鸣器接 P2.0 口; 震动传感器接 P3.2`口(外部中断0)

3.开发步骤：

3.1. 舵机和超声波代码整合

舵机用定时器0

超声波用定时器1

实现物体靠近后，自动开盖，2秒后关盖

3.2. 查询的方式添加按键控制

3.3. 查询的方式添加震动控制

3.4. 使用外部中断0配合震动控制

4.烧录代码时，先检查每一个模块的功能是否完整

4.1超声波模块改为定时器1代码

#include "reg52.h"
#include <intrins.h>sbit D5   = P3^7;//
sbit D6   = P3^6;
sbit Trig = P1^5;
sbit Echo = P1^6;void Delay10us()		//@11.0592MHz
{unsigned char i;i = 2;while (--i);
}void Delay200ms()		//@11.0592MHz
{unsigned char i, j, k;_nop_();i = 2;j = 103;k = 147;do{do{while (--k);} while (--j);} while (--i);
}void Time1Init()
{TMOD &= 0x0F; //保持低四位不变，高四位为0TMOD |= 0x10; //低四位保持不变， 把M1和M0改为 0 1 TH1 = 0;TL1 = 0;//
}void StartHC()
{Trig = 0;Trig = 1;Delay10us();Trig = 0;
}void main()
{double time;double dis;Time1Init();//while(1){Delay200ms();StartHC();//while(Echo == 0); ////TR1 = 1;//while(Echo == 1); ////TR1 = 0;//time = (TH1 * 256 + TL1 )*1.085;//340m/s == 34000cm/s == 34cm/ms = 0.034cm/usdis = time * 0.017;if(dis < 10){D5 = 0;D6 = 1;}else{D5 = 1;D6 = 0;}//¶¨Ê±Æ÷Êý¾ÝÇåÁã¡£ÒÔ±ãÏÂÒ»´Î²â¾àTH1 = 0;TL1 = 0;}
}

4.2舵机模块代码

#include "reg52.h"
#include <intrins.h>sbit sg90_con = P1^1;  //P1^1
int cnt = 0;
int jd;void Time0Init()
{//1.		配置定时器0工作模式位16位计时TMOD = 0x01;//2.		给初值，定一个0.5出来TL0 = 0x33;TH0 = 0xFE;//3.		开始计时TR0 = 1; // 允许计时TF0 = 0; // 溢出中断标志，溢出置1//4.        打开定时器0中断ET0 = 1;//5.        打开总中断EA = 1;
}void Delay2000ms()		//@11.0592MHz
{unsigned char i, j, k;i = 15;j = 2;k = 235;do{do{while (--k);} while (--j);} while (--i);
}void Delay500ms()		//@11.0592MHz
{unsigned char i, j, k;i = 4;j = 129;k = 119;do{do{while (--k);} while (--j);} while (--i);
}void main()
{Delay500ms(); //让硬件稳定一下Time0Init();jd = 1;        //初始角度是0度，0.5ms,溢出1就是0.5ms，高电平cnt = 0; //角度变了初始化cnt为0sg90_con = 1;//一开始从高电平开始//每隔两秒切换一次角度while(1){jd = 4;     //135度 2ms高电平cnt = 0;Delay2000ms();jd = 1;    //0度cnt = 0;Delay2000ms();}
}//定时器0的中断函数
void Time0Handler() interrupt 1
{cnt++;  //统计爆表的次数. cnt=1的时候，报表了1//重新给初值TL0 = 0x33;TH0 = 0xFE;//控制PWM波if(cnt < jd){   sg90_con = 1;}else{sg90_con = 0;}//20ms的周期if(cnt == 40){//爆表40次，经过了20mscnt = 0;  //当100次表示1s，重新让cnt从0开始，计算下一次的1ssg90_con = 1;}
}

4.3.1

用外部中断来控制震动传感器模块，因为我们用查询的方式，电平的传递是非常的急促的，不稳定，导致CPU在数数的时候检测不到震动传感器模块；我们可以选择利用外部中断，一旦外部发生震动，外部震动函数立马标记1；查到标记为1，开盖；然后恢复标记为0

4.3.2

打开外部中断

外部中断0中断允许位。EX0 = 1，允许中断，EX0 = 0禁止中断

代码：

#include "reg52.h"
#include <intrins.h>sbit D5   		= P3^7;//
sbit D6   		= P3^6;
sbit SW1      = P2^1;
sbit Trig 		= P1^5;
sbit Echo 		= P1^6;
sbit sg90_con = P1^1;  //
sbit vibrate  = P3^2;
sbit beep     = P2^0;char cnt = 0;
char jd;
char mark_vibrate = 0;
int jd_back;void Delay10us()		//@11.0592MHz
{unsigned char i;i = 2;while (--i);
}void Delay150ms()		//@11.0592MHz
{unsigned char i, j, k;_nop_();i = 2;j = 13;k = 237;do{do{while (--k);} while (--j);} while (--i);
}void Delay200ms()		//@11.0592MHz
{unsigned char i, j, k;_nop_();i = 2;j = 103;k = 147;do{do{while (--k);} while (--j);} while (--i);
}void Delay2000ms()		//@11.0592MHz
{unsigned char i, j, k;i = 15;j = 2;k = 235;do{do{while (--k);} while (--j);} while (--i);
}void Time0Init()
{//1.		TMOD &= 0xF0;TMOD |= 0x01;//2.		TL0 = 0x33;TH0 = 0xFE;//3.		TR0 = 1; // TF0 = 0; // //4.´ò¿ª¶¨Ê±Æ÷0ÖÐ¶ÏET0 = 1;EA = 1;
}void Time1Init()
{TMOD &= 0x0F; //TMOD |= 0x10; //TH1 = 0;TL1 = 0;//
}void StartHC()
{Trig = 0;Trig = 1;Delay10us();Trig = 0;
}double get_distance()
{double time;//TH1 = 0;TL1 = 0;Delay200ms();StartHC();//while(Echo == 0); ////TR1 = 1;//while(Echo == 1); ////TR1 = 0;//time = (TH1 * 256 + TL1 )*1.085;//340m/s == 34000cm/s == 34cm/ms = 0.034cm/usreturn (time * 0.017);}void OpenstatusLight()
{D5 = 0;D6 = 1;
}void ClosestatusLight()
{D5 = 1;D6 = 0;}void initSG90_0()
{jd = 1;       //cnt = 0; 			/sg90_con = 1; //
}void Opendusbin()
{char n;jd = 3;if(jd_back != jd){cnt = 0;beep = 0;for(n = 0;n<2;n++)Delay150ms();beep = 1;Delay2000ms();}jd_back = jd;
}void Closedusbin()
{jd = 1;cnt = 0;Delay150ms();
}void EX0_Init()
{//EX0 = 1;//IT0 = 0;
}void main()
{double dis;Time0Init();Time1Init();EX0_Init();initSG90_0();//while(1){//³¬Éù²¨²â¾àdis = get_distance(); if(dis < 10 || SW1 == 0 || mark_vibrate == 1){/OpenstatusLight();Opendusbin();mark_vibrate = 0;}else{/ClosestatusLight();Closedusbin();}}
}void Time0Handler() interrupt 1
{cnt++;   TL0 = 0x33;TH0 = 0xFE;if(cnt < jd){   sg90_con = 1;}else{sg90_con = 0;}//if(cnt == 40){ //cnt = 0;  //sg90_con = 1;}
}void EX0_Handler() interrupt 0  //
{mark_vibrate = 1;
}