java如何运行Python文件程序

有时候会遇到在java中启动Python的程序，下面进行说明

package com.zxh.util;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;/*** python执行器** @Author zxh* @Date 2024/8/27 0027*/
@Slf4j
public class PythonExecution {/*** 运行py文件** @param directoryPath py文件的根路径* @param command       要执行的命令*/public static void execFile(String directoryPath, String command) {try {ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder();//切换到py文件的路径并执行命令processBuilder.command("cmd.exe", "/c", "cd /d " + directoryPath + " && " + command);Process process = processBuilder.start();//等待执行完成的后退出状态码，0表示成功，其他是失败int exitCode = process.waitFor();log.info("Command exited with code {}.执行结果：{}", exitCode, exitCode == 0);// 获取 Python 脚本的输出结果InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();//指定编码，py默认编码会导致乱码BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream,"gb2312"));String line;Boolean isPrint = false;while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {if (!isPrint) {log.info("py执行后返回结果：");}isPrint = true;log.info(line);}Boolean isError = false;// 获取 Python 脚本的错误信息InputStream errorStream = process.getErrorStream();BufferedReader errorReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(errorStream));String errorLine;while ((errorLine = errorReader.readLine()) != null) {if (!isError) {log.info("py执行的错误信息：");}isError = true;log.info(errorLine);}} catch (IOException e) {log.error("执行py时出现异常：", e);} catch (InterruptedException e) {Thread.currentThread().interrupt();}}
}

test.py内容如下：

result = "Hello from Python!你好"
print(result)

直接调用，指定py文件的路径和文件名（原因：可能会存在当前运行的py文件和运行的java程序不在同一文件夹下）

    public static void main(String[] args)  {String directoryPath = "D:\\项目\\demo\\springboot-demo\\src\\main\\resources\\py";String command = "python test.py";PythonExecution.execFile(directoryPath, command);}

执行结果

需要注意的是，对于py文件中返回值包含中文，则需要进行编码的设置，否则是乱码。