文章目录
- UDP简介
- 一发一收
- 客户端:
- 服务端:
- 多发多收
- 实现多开
- 客户端:
- 服务端
UDP简介
UDP(User Datagram Protocol)
DatagramSocket 用于创建客户端、服务端DatagramSocket() :创建客户端的Socket对象,系统随机分配一个端口
DatagramSocket(int port) : 创建服务端的Socket对象,指定端口号DatagramPacket(byte buf[], int length,InetAddress address, int port)
创建发出去的数据包参数解释:
byte buf[]:字节数组,用于接收数据
int length :数据的长度
InetAddress address 网址对象
int port 端口号DatagramPacket(byte buf[], int length)
创建用来接收的数据包
方法:
send(DatagramPacket p) //发数据
receive(DatagramPacket p) //接收数据
一发一收
要先启动服务端再启动客户端。
客户端:
public class Client {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//创建客户端对象DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();/* public DatagramPacket(byte buf[], int length,InetAddress address, int port) */byte[] bytes = "客户端发送给了一个数据包".getBytes();DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length, InetAddress.getLocalHost(),6666);socket.send(packet);System.out.println("客户端数据发送完毕");socket.close();//记得关闭,不然占用资源。}
}
服务端:
public class Server {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6666);System.out.println("服务端启动");//创建一个数据包对象,用于接受数据byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 64];//数据包最大为64kDatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length);socket.receive(packet);int len = packet.getLength();String rs = new String(buffer,0,len);System.out.println(rs);System.out.println("客户端的IP:"+packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());System.out.println("客户端的端口:"+packet.getPort());socket.close();}
}
多发多收
相比一收一发改进的地方:
- 实现多次发送自定义信息
- 输入stop 时候退出
实现多开
客户端:
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.util.Scanner;public class Client {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//创建客户端对象DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();/* public DatagramPacket(byte buf[], int length,InetAddress address, int port) */Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);while (true) {System.out.println("请输入数据:");String msg = sc.nextLine();if (msg.equals("stop")) {break;}byte[] bytes = msg.getBytes();DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length, InetAddress.getLocalHost(),6666);socket.send(packet);}System.out.println("感谢使用!!!");socket.close();}
}
服务端
服务端一般是不关闭的。
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;public class Server {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(6666);System.out.println("服务端启动");while (true) {//创建一个数据包对象,用于接受数据byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 64];DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length);socket.receive(packet);int len = packet.getLength();String rs = new String(buffer,0,len);System.out.println(rs);System.out.println("客户端的IP:"+packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());System.out.println("客户端的端口:"+packet.getPort());}
// socket.close();}
}