样例表如下：
/***************************样例表***************************/CREATE DATABASE booksDB;use booksDB;CREATE TABLE books(bk_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,bk_title VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,copyright YEAR NOT NULL);INSERT INTO booksVALUES (11078, 'Learning MySQL', 2010),(11033, 'Study Html', 2011),(11035, 'How to use php', 2003),(11072, 'Teach youself javascript', 2005),(11028, 'Learing C++', 2005),(11069, 'MySQL professional', 2009),(11026, 'Guide to MySQL 5.5', 2008),(11041, 'Inside VC++', 2011);CREATE TABLE authors(auth_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,auth_name VARCHAR(20),auth_gender CHAR(1));INSERT INTO authors VALUES (1001, 'WriterX' ,'f'),(1002, 'WriterA' ,'f'),(1003, 'WriterB' ,'m'),(1004, 'WriterC' ,'f'),(1011, 'WriterD' ,'f'),(1012, 'WriterE' ,'m'),(1013, 'WriterF' ,'m'),(1014, 'WriterG' ,'f'),(1015, 'WriterH' ,'f');CREATE TABLE authorbook(auth_id INT NOT NULL,bk_id INT NOT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (auth_id, bk_id),FOREIGN KEY (auth_id) REFERENCES authors (auth_id),FOREIGN KEY (bk_id) REFERENCES books (bk_id));INSERT INTO authorbookVALUES (1001, 11033), (1002, 11035), (1003, 11072), (1004, 11028),(1011, 11078), (1012, 11026), (1012, 11041), (1014, 11069);/***************************样例表***************************/一、备份与还原
命令备份数据库中的所有表
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /backup
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -u root -p booksDB > /backup/booksdb_20230712.sql
Enter password:
[root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# cd /backup
[root@localhost backup]# vim booksdb_20230712.sql
2.备份booksDB数据库中的books表
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -u root -p booksDB books > /backup/books_20230712.sql
Enter password:
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cd /backup
[root@localhost backup]# ll
[root@localhost backup]# vim books_20230712.sql
3.使用mysqldump备份booksDB和test数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -u root -p --databases booksDB test > /backup/books_testDB_20230712
Enter password:
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cd /backup
[root@localhost backup]# ll
[root@localhost backup]# vim books_testDB_20230712
4.使用mysqldump备份服务器中的所有数据库
[root@localhost backup]# mysqldump -u root -p --all-databases > /backup/alldbinMySQL.sql
Enter password:
[root@localhost backup]#
[root@localhost ~]# cd /backup
[root@localhost backup]# ll
5.使用mysql命令还原第二题导出的book表
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p booksDB < /backup/books_20230712.sql
Enter password:
[root@localhost ~]# 6.进入数据库使用source命令还原第二题导出的book表
mysql> source /backup/books_20230712.sql;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql>
二、索引
-- 1、建立一个utf8编码的数据库test1
CREATE DATABASE test1 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;-- 2、建立商品表goods和栏目表categoryCREATE TABLE goods(
goods_id INT(11) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
goods_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
cat_id INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
brand_id INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
goods_sn CHAR(12) NOT NULL,
shop_price FLOAT(6,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
goods_desc TEXT DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=MYISAMDESC goods;CREATE TABLE category(
cat_id INT(11) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
cate_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
parent_id INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0
) ENGINE=MYISAMDESC category;-- 3、删除 goods 表中的 goods_desc 字段及货号字段,并增加 click_count 字段
ALTER TABLE goods DROP goods_desc;
ALTER TABLE goods DROP goods_id;
ALTER TABLE goods ADD click_count INT;
DESC goods;-- 4、在 goods_name 列上加唯一性索引（用alter table方式）
ALTER TABLE goods ADD UNIQUE INDEX Uniqname (goods_name);-- 5、在 shop_price 列上加普通索引（用create index方式）
CREATE INDEX SPriceIDX ON goods(shop_price); -- 6、在 click_count 上增加普通索引，然后再删除 （分别使用drop index和alter table删除）
CREATE INDEX CkcountIdx ON goods(click_count);
DROP INDEX CkcountIdx ON goods;
ALTER TABLE goods ADD INDEX CkcountIdx(click_count);
ALTER TABLE goods DROP INDEX CkcountIdx;三、视图
创建学生表、课程表、学生选课表。
-- 学生表
CREATE TABLE Student(
Sno INT PRIMARY KEY,
Sname VARCHAR(20),
Ssex ENUM('M','F'),
Sage INT,
Sdept INT
);-- 课程表
CREATE TABLE Course(
Cno INT PRIMARY KEY,
Cname VARCHAR(20)
);-- 学生选课表
CREATE TABLE SC(
Sno INT,
Cno INT PRIMARY KEY,
Score INT
);1、创建一视图 stu_info,查询全体学生的姓名，性别，课程名，成绩。
-- 1、创建一视图 stu_info,查询全体学生的姓名，性别，课程名，成绩。
CREATE VIEW stu_info(姓名,性别,课程名,成绩)
AS SELECT Sname,Ssex,Cname,Score
FROM Student s,Course c,SC sc
WHERE s.Sno=sc.`Sno` AND c.Cno=sc.`Cno`;DESC stu_info;
SHOW TABLE STATUS LIKE 'stu_info';
2、删除视图 stu_info。
-- 2、删除视图 stu_info。
DROP VIEW IF EXISTS stu_info;
