大数据开发-Hadoop分布式集群搭建-编程知识

大数据开发-Hadoop分布式集群搭建

文章目录

大数据开发-Hadoop分布式集群搭建
- 环境准备
- Hadoop配置
- 启动Hadoop集群
- Hadoop客户端节点
- Hadoop客户端节点

环境准备

JDK1.8
Hadoop3.X
三台服务器

主节点需要启动namenode、secondary namenode、resource manager三个进程

从节点需要启动datanode、node manager两个进程，下面按照步骤进行搭建。

环境配置

#  三台服务器都要改 hosts文件
[root@hadoop01 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
[root@hadoop02 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
[root@hadoop03 ~]# vim /etc/hosts# 添加如下信息，根据自己的服务器ip以及名称进行修改 
192.168.52.100 hadoop01
192.168.52.101 hadoop02
192.168.52.102 hadoop03# 同步服务器时间
[root@hadoop01 ~]# yum install ntpdate
[root@hadoop01 ~]# ntpdate -u ntp.sjtu.edu.cn5 Mar 09:38:26 ntpdate[1746]: step time server 17.253.84.125 offset 1.068029 sec[root@hadoop02 ~]# yum install ntpdate
[root@hadoop02 ~]# ntpdate -u ntp.sjtu.edu.cn5 Mar 09:38:26 ntpdate[1746]: step time server 17.253.84.125 offset 1.068029 sec[root@hadoop03 ~]# yum install ntpdate
[root@hadoop03 ~]# ntpdate -u ntp.sjtu.edu.cn5 Mar 09:38:26 ntpdate[1746]: step time server 17.253.84.125 offset 1.068029 sec# 定时同步
[root@hadoop01 ~]# vim /etc/crontab
[root@hadoop02 ~]# vim /etc/crontab
[root@hadoop03 ~]# vim /etc/crontab# crontab中添加如下内容* * * * * root /usr/sbin/ntpdate -u ntp.sjtu.edu.cn

主节点免密登陆从节点

# 将主节点的认证文件copy到其它两个从节点
[root@hadoop01 ~]# scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys hadoop02:~/
The authenticity of host 'hadoop02 (192.168.52.101)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:sc01Vk7PIabS9viczEKdgVfwzIYVHA1xib77Q+8tczk.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:ea:15:4e:5f:b0:83:4f:75:ed:1d:2f:02:c4:fa:04:3f.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'hadoop02,192.168.52.101' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@hadoop02's password: 
authorized_keys      [root@hadoop01 ~]# scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys hadoop03:~/
The authenticity of host 'hadoop03 (192.168.52.102)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:sc01Vk7PIabS9viczEKdgVfwzIYVHA1xib77Q+8tczk.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:ea:15:4e:5f:b0:83:4f:75:ed:1d:2f:02:c4:fa:04:3f.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'hadoop03,192.168.52.102' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
authorized_keys   ## 如果没有authorized_keys 可以通过以下生成
[root@hadoop01 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
[root@hadoop01 ~]# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys# 在其它两个从节点执行
[root@hadoop02 ~]# cat ~/authorized_keys >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[root@hadoop03 ~]# cat ~/authorized_keys >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys# 执行完成之后可以在主节点免密登陆其它两个从节点
[root@hadoop01 ~]# ssh hadoop02
Last login: Mon Mar  4 16:41:58 2024 from fe80::32d8:512f:316e:a311%ens33

到此为止，环境配置完毕！

Hadoop配置

# 解压
[root@hadoop01 soft]# tar -zxvf hadoop-3.2.0.tar.gz
#修改配置文件
[root@hadoop01 hadoop]# vim hadoop-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/home/soft/jdk1.8
export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=/home/hadoop_repo/logs/hadoop# core-site.xml
[root@hadoop01 hadoop]# vim core-site.xml
<configuration><property><name>fs.defaultFS</name><value>hdfs://hadoop01:9000</value></property><property><name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name><value>/home/hadoop_repo/data</value></property>
</configuration>[root@hadoop01 hadoop]# vim hdfs-site.xml <configuration><property><name>dfs.replication</name><value>2</value></property><property><name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name><value>hadoop01:50090</value></property></configuration># mapred-site.xml
[root@hadoop01 hadoop]# vim mapred-site.xml <configuration><property><name>mapreduce.framework.name</name><value>yarn</value></property>
</configuration>  # yarn-site.xml 
[root@hadoop01 hadoop]# vim yarn-site.xml 
<configuration>
<!--指定MR走shuffle--><property><name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name><value>mapreduce_shuffle</value></property><!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties --><!--环境变量的继承--><property><name>yarn.nodemanager.env-whitelist</name><value>JAVA_HOME,HADOOP_COMMON_HOME,HADOOP_HDFS_HOME,HADOOP_CONF_DIR,CLASSPATH_PREPEND_DISTCACHE,HADOOP_YARN_HOME,HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME</value></property><property><name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name><value>hadoop01</value></property>
</configuration># workers   指定从节点
[root@hadoop01 hadoop]# vim workers hadoop02
hadoop03

Hadoop脚本修改

## start-dfs.sh
[root@hadoop01 sbin]# vim start-dfs.sh
# 文件起始位置添加：
HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root
HDFS_DATANODE_SECURE_USER=hdfs
HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root
HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root## stop-dfs.sh
[root@hadoop01 sbin]# vim stop-dfs.sh
# 文起始位置添加：
HDFS_DATA_NODE_USER=root
HDFS_DATANODE_SECURE_USER=hdfs
HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root
HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root## start-yarn.sh
[root@hadoop01 sbin]# vim start-yarn.sh
# 文起始位置添加：
YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root
HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=yarn
YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root## stop-yarn.sh
[root@hadoop01 sbin]# vim stop-yarn.sh
# 文起始位置添加：
YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root
HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=yarn
YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root

从节点配置

# 将修改好的hadoop拷贝到其它两台机器上
[root@hadoop01 soft]# scp -rq hadoop-3.2.0 hadoop02:/home/soft/
[root@hadoop01 soft]# scp -rq hadoop-3.2.0 hadoop03:/home/soft/## 格式化主节点
[root@hadoop01 hadoop-3.2.0]# bin/hdfs namenode -format

启动Hadoop集群

# 启动
[root@hadoop01 sbin]# start-all.sh
Starting namenodes on [hadoop01]
Last login: Tue Mar  5 11:11:55 CST 2024 from 192.168.52.1 on pts/0
Starting datanodes
Last login: Tue Mar  5 11:16:32 CST 2024 on pts/0
Starting secondary namenodes [hadoop01]
Last login: Tue Mar  5 11:16:35 CST 2024 on pts/0
Starting resourcemanager
Last login: Tue Mar  5 11:16:40 CST 2024 on pts/0
Starting nodemanagers
Last login: Tue Mar  5 11:16:47 CST 2024 on pts/0
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root# 查看进程
[root@hadoop01 sbin]# jps		# 主节点
1765 SecondaryNameNode
2007 ResourceManager
2329 Jps
1500 NameNode[root@hadoop03 ~]# jps			# 从节点
1361 NodeManager
1252 DataNode
1477 Jps
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root[root@hadoop02 ~]# jps			# 从节点
1513 Jps
1418 NodeManager
1308 DataNode