Unity类银河恶魔城学习记录8-4 P80 Blackhole ability state源代码-编程知识

Alex教程每一P的教程原代码加上我自己的理解初步理解写的注释，可供学习Alex教程的人参考
此代码仅为较上一P有所改变的代码

【Unity教程】从0编程制作类银河恶魔城游戏_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

Entity.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class Entity : MonoBehaviour
{[Header("Knockback info")][SerializeField] protected Vector2 knockbackDirection;//被击打后的速度信息[SerializeField] protected float knockbackDuration;//被击打的时间protected bool isKnocked;//此值通过卡住SetVelocity函数的方式用来阻止当一个角色被攻击时，会乱动的情况[Header("Collision Info")]public Transform attackCheck;//transform类，代表的时物体的位置,用来控制攻击检测的位置public float attackCheckRadius;//检测半径[SerializeField] protected Transform groundCheck;//transform类，代表的时物体的位置,后面会来定位子组件的位置    [SerializeField] protected float groundCheckDistance;[SerializeField] protected Transform wallCheck;//transform类，代表的时物体的位置,后面会来定位子组件的位置    [SerializeField] protected float wallCheckDistance;[SerializeField] protected LayerMask whatIsGround;//LayerMask类，与Raycast配合，https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Physics.Raycast.html#region 定义Unity组件public SpriteRenderer sr { get; private set; }public Animator anim { get; private set; }//这样才能配合着拿到自己身上的animator的控制权public Rigidbody2D rb { get; private set; }//配合拿到身上的Rigidbody2D组件控制权public EntityFX fx { get; private set; }//拿到EntityFX#endregionpublic int facingDir { get; private set; } = 1;protected bool facingRight = true;//判断是否朝右protected virtual void Awake(){anim = GetComponentInChildren<Animator>();//拿到自己子组件身上的animator的控制权sr = GetComponentInChildren<SpriteRenderer>();fx = GetComponent<EntityFX>();拿到的组件上的EntityFX控制权rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();}protected virtual void Start(){}protected virtual void Update(){}public virtual void Damage(){fx.StartCoroutine("FlashFX");//IEnumertor本质就是将一个函数分块执行，只有满足某些条件才能执行下一段代码，此函数有StartCoroutine调用//https://www.zhihu.com/tardis/bd/art/504607545?source_id=1001StartCoroutine("HitKnockback");//调用被击打后产生后退效果的函数Debug.Log(gameObject.name+"was damaged");}protected virtual IEnumerator HitKnockback(){isKnocked = true;//此值通过卡住SetVelocity函数的方式用来阻止当一个角色被攻击时，会乱动的情况rb.velocity = new Vector2(knockbackDirection.x * -facingDir, knockbackDirection.y);yield return new WaitForSeconds(knockbackDuration);isKnocked = false;}//被击打后产生后退效果的函数#region 速度函数Velocitypublic virtual void SetZeroVelocity(){if(isKnocked){return;}rb.velocity = new Vector2(0, 0);}//设置速度为0函数public virtual void SetVelocity(float _xVelocity, float _yVelocity){if(isKnocked)return;此值通过卡住SetVelocity函数的方式用来阻止当一个角色被攻击时，会乱动的情况rb.velocity = new Vector2(_xVelocity, _yVelocity);//将rb的velocity属性设置为对应的想要的二维向量。因为2D游戏的速度就是二维向量FlipController(_xVelocity);//在其他设置速度的时候调用翻转控制器}//控制速度的函数，此函数在其他State中可能会使用，但仅能通过player.SeVelocity调用#endregion#region 翻转函数Flippublic virtual void Flip(){facingDir = facingDir * -1;facingRight = !facingRight;transform.Rotate(0, 180, 0);//旋转函数,transform不需要额外定义，因为他是自带的}//翻转函数public virtual void FlipController(float _x)//目前设置x，目的时能在空中时也能转身{if (_x > 0 && !facingRight)//当速度大于0且没有朝右时，翻转{Flip();}else if (_x < 0 && facingRight){Flip();}}#endregion#region 碰撞函数Collisionpublic virtual bool IsGroundDetected(){return Physics2D.Raycast(groundCheck.position, Vector2.down, groundCheckDistance, whatIsGround);}//通过RayCast检测是否挨着地面,https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Physics2D.Raycast.html//xxxxxxxx()   => xxxxxxxx  == xxxxxxxxxx() return xxxxxxxxx;public virtual bool IsWallDetected(){return Physics2D.Raycast(wallCheck.position, Vector2.right * facingDir, wallCheckDistance, whatIsGround);}//通过RayCast检测是否挨着地面,https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Physics2D.Raycast.html//xxxxxxxx()   => xxxxxxxx  == xxxxxxxxxx() return xxxxxxxxx;protected virtual void OnDrawGizmos(){Gizmos.DrawLine(groundCheck.position, new Vector3(groundCheck.position.x, groundCheck.position.y - groundCheckDistance));//绘制一条从 from(前面的) 开始到 to（后面的） 的线。Gizmos.DrawLine(wallCheck.position, new Vector3(wallCheck.position.x + wallCheckDistance, wallCheck.position.y));//绘制一条从 from(前面的) 开始到 to（后面的） 的线。Gizmos.DrawWireSphere(attackCheck.position, attackCheckRadius);//https://docs.unity3d.com/2022.3/Documentation/ScriptReference/Gizmos.DrawWireSphere.html//绘制具有中心和半径的线框球体。}//画图函数#endregionpublic void MakeTransprent(bool isClear){if (isClear)sr.color = Color.clear;elsesr.color = Color.white;}
}

Blackhole_Skill_Controller.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using TMPro;
using UnityEngine;public class Blackhole_Skill_Controller : MonoBehaviour
{[SerializeField] private GameObject hotKeyPrefab;[SerializeField] private List<KeyCode> KeyCodeList;private float maxSize;//最大尺寸private float growSpeed;//变大速度private float shrinkSpeed;//缩小速度private bool canGrow = true;//是否可以变大private bool canShrink;//缩小private bool canCreateHotKeys = true;专门控制后面进入的没法生成热键private bool cloneAttackReleased;private int amountOfAttacks = 4;private float cloneAttackCooldown = .3f;private float cloneAttackTimer;private List<Transform> targets = new List<Transform>();private List<GameObject> createdHotKey = new List<GameObject>();public void SetupBlackhole(float _maxSize,float _growSpeed,float _shrinkSpeed,int _amountOfAttacks,float _cloneAttackCooldown){maxSize = _maxSize;growSpeed = _growSpeed;shrinkSpeed = _shrinkSpeed;amountOfAttacks = _amountOfAttacks;cloneAttackCooldown = _cloneAttackCooldown;}private void Update(){cloneAttackTimer -= Time.deltaTime;if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.R)){ReleaseCloneAttack();}CloneAttackLogic();if (canGrow && !canShrink){//这是控制物体大小的参数transform.localScale = Vector2.Lerp(transform.localScale, new Vector2(maxSize, maxSize), growSpeed * Time.deltaTime);//类似MoveToward，不过是放大到多少大小 https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Vector2.Lerp.html}if (canShrink){transform.localScale = Vector2.Lerp(transform.localScale, new Vector2(0, 0), shrinkSpeed * Time.deltaTime);if (transform.localScale.x <= 1f){Destroy(gameObject);}}}private void ReleaseCloneAttack(){cloneAttackReleased = true;canCreateHotKeys = false;DestroyHotKeys();PlayerManager.instance.player.MakeTransprent(true);}private void CloneAttackLogic(){if (cloneAttackTimer < 0 && cloneAttackReleased){cloneAttackTimer = cloneAttackCooldown;int randomIndex = Random.Range(0, targets.Count);//限制攻击次数和设置攻击偏移量float _offset;if (Random.Range(0, 100) > 50)_offset = 1.5f;else_offset = -1.5f;SkillManager.instance.clone.CreateClone(targets[randomIndex], new Vector3(_offset, 0, 0));amountOfAttacks--;if (amountOfAttacks <= 0){Invoke("FinishBlackholeAbility", 0.5f);}}}private void FinishBlackholeAbility(){canShrink = true;cloneAttackReleased = false;PlayerManager.instance.player.ExitBlackholeAbility();}private void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D collision){if(collision.GetComponent<Enemy>()!=null){collision.GetComponent<Enemy>().FreezeTime(true);CreateHotKey(collision);}}private void OnTriggerExit2D(Collider2D collision){if (collision.GetComponent<Enemy>() != null){collision.GetComponent<Enemy>().FreezeTime(false);}}private void CreateHotKey(Collider2D collision){if(KeyCodeList.Count == 0)//当所有的KeyCode都被去除，就不在创建实例{return;}if(!canCreateHotKeys)//这是当角色已经开大了，不在创建实例{return;}//创建实例GameObject newHotKey = Instantiate(hotKeyPrefab, collision.transform.position + new Vector3(0, 2), Quaternion.identity);//将实例添加进列表createdHotKey.Add(newHotKey);//随机KeyCode传给HotKey，并且传过去一个毁掉一个KeyCode choosenKey = KeyCodeList[Random.Range(0, KeyCodeList.Count)];KeyCodeList.Remove(choosenKey);Blackhole_Hotkey_Controller newHotKeyScript = newHotKey.GetComponent<Blackhole_Hotkey_Controller>();newHotKeyScript.SetupHotKey(choosenKey, collision.transform, this);}public void AddEnemyToList(Transform _myEnemy){targets.Add(_myEnemy);}//销毁Hotkeyprivate void DestroyHotKeys(){if(createdHotKey.Count <= 0){return;}for (int i = 0; i < createdHotKey.Count; i++){Destroy(createdHotKey[i]); }}
}

SkillManager.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class SkillManager : MonoBehaviour
{public static SkillManager instance;public Dash_Skill dash { get; private set; }public Clone_Skill clone { get; private set; }public Sword_Skill sword { get; private set; }public Blackhole_Skill blackhole { get; private set; }private void Awake(){if (instance != null){Destroy(instance.gameObject);}elseinstance = this;}private void Start(){dash = GetComponent<Dash_Skill>();clone = GetComponent<Clone_Skill>();sword = GetComponent<Sword_Skill>();blackhole = GetComponent<Blackhole_Skill>();}
}

Player.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Unity.VisualScripting;
using UnityEngine;public class Player : Entity
{[Header("Attack Details")]public Vector2[] attackMovement;//每个攻击时获得的速度组public float counterAttackDuration = .2f;public bool isBusy{ get; private set; }//防止在攻击间隔中进入move//[Header("Move Info")]public float moveSpeed;//定义速度，与xInput相乘控制速度的大小public float jumpForce;public float swordReturnImpact;//在player里设置swordReturnImpact作为击退的参数[Header("Dash Info")][SerializeField] private float dashCooldown;private float dashUsageTimer;//为dash设置冷却时间，在一定时间内不能连续使用public float dashSpeed;//冲刺速度public float dashDuration;//持续时间public float dashDir { get; private set; }#region 定义Statespublic PlayerStateMachine stateMachine { get; private set; }public PlayerIdleState idleState { get; private set; }public PlayerMoveState moveState { get; private set; }public PlayerJumpState jumpState { get; private set; }public PlayerAirState airState { get; private set; }public PlayerDashState dashState { get; private set; }public PlayerWallSlideState wallSlide { get; private set; }public PlayerWallJumpState wallJump { get; private set; }public PlayerPrimaryAttackState primaryAttack { get; private set; }public PlayerCounterAttackState counterAttack { get; private set; }public PlayerAimSwordState aimSword { get; private set; }public PlayerCatchSwordState catchSword { get; private set; }public PlayerBlackholeState blackhole { get; private set; }public SkillManager skill { get; private set; }public GameObject sword{ get; private set; }//声明sword#endregionprotected override void Awake(){base.Awake();stateMachine = new PlayerStateMachine();//通过构造函数，在构造时传递信息idleState = new PlayerIdleState(this, stateMachine, "Idle");moveState = new PlayerMoveState(this, stateMachine, "Move");jumpState = new PlayerJumpState(this, stateMachine, "Jump");airState = new PlayerAirState(this, stateMachine, "Jump");dashState = new PlayerDashState(this, stateMachine, "Dash");wallSlide = new PlayerWallSlideState(this, stateMachine, "WallSlide");wallJump = new PlayerWallJumpState(this, stateMachine, "Jump");//wallJump也是Jump动画primaryAttack = new PlayerPrimaryAttackState(this, stateMachine, "Attack");counterAttack = new PlayerCounterAttackState(this, stateMachine, "CounterAttack");aimSword = new PlayerAimSwordState(this,stateMachine, "AimSword");catchSword = new PlayerCatchSwordState(this, stateMachine, "CatchSword");blackhole = new PlayerBlackholeState(this, stateMachine, "Jump");//this 就是 Player这个类本身}//Awake初始化所以State，为所有State传入各自独有的参数，及animBool，以判断是否调用此动画（与animatoin配合完成）protected override void Start(){base.Start();stateMachine.Initialize(idleState);skill = SkillManager.instance;}protected override void Update()//在mano中update会自动刷新但其他没有mano的不会故，需要在这个updata中调用其他脚本中的函数stateMachine.currentState.update以实现 //stateMachine中的update{base.Update();stateMachine.currentState.Update();//反复调用CurrentState的Update函数CheckForDashInput();}public void AssignNewSword(GameObject _newSword)//保持创造的sword实例的函数{sword = _newSword;}public void CatchTheSword()//通过player的CatchTheSword进入,及当剑消失的瞬间进入{stateMachine.ChangeState(catchSword);Destroy(sword);}public void ExitBlackholeAbility(){stateMachine.ChangeState(airState);}public IEnumerator BusyFor(float _seconds)//https://www.zhihu.com/tardis/bd/art/504607545?source_id=1001{isBusy = true;yield return new WaitForSeconds(_seconds);isBusy = false;}//p39 4.防止在攻击间隔中进入move,通过设置busy值，在使用某些状态时，使其为busy为true，抑制其进入其他state//IEnumertor本质就是将一个函数分块执行，只有满足某些条件才能执行下一段代码，此函数有StartCoroutine调用public void AnimationTrigger() => stateMachine.currentState.AnimationFinishTrigger();//从当前状态拿到AnimationTrigger进行调用的函数public void CheckForDashInput(){if (IsWallDetected()){return;}//修复在wallslide可以dash的BUGif (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.LeftShift) && skill.dash.CanUseSkill())//将DashTimer<0 的判断 改成DashSkill里的判断{dashDir = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");//设置一个值，可以将dash的方向改为你想要的方向而不是你的朝向if (dashDir == 0){dashDir = facingDir;//只有当玩家没有控制方向时才使用默认朝向}stateMachine.ChangeState(dashState);}}//将Dash切换设置成一个函数，使其在所以情况下都能使用}

PlayerGroundState.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
//GroundState用于保证只有在Idle和Move这两个地面状态下才能调用某些函数，并且稍微减少一点代码量
public class PlayerGroundState : PlayerState
{public PlayerGroundState(Player _player, PlayerStateMachine _stateMachine, string _animBoolName) : base(_player, _stateMachine, _animBoolName){}public override void Enter(){base.Enter();}public override void Exit(){base.Exit();}public override void Update(){base.Update();if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.R)){stateMachine.ChangeState(player.blackhole);}if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Mouse1)&&HasNoSword())//点击右键进入瞄准状态，当sword存在时，不能进入aim状态{stateMachine.ChangeState(player.aimSword);}if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Q))//摁Q进入反击状态{stateMachine.ChangeState(player.counterAttack);}if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Mouse0))//p38 2.从ground进入攻击状态{stateMachine.ChangeState(player.primaryAttack);}if(player.IsGroundDetected()==false){stateMachine.ChangeState(player.airState);}// 写这个是为了防止在空中直接切换为moveState了。if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space) && player.IsGroundDetected()){stateMachine.ChangeState(player.jumpState);}//空格切换为跳跃状态}private bool HasNoSword()//用这个函数同时控制了是否能进入aimSword和如果sword存在便使他回归player的功能{if(!player.sword){return true;}player.sword.GetComponent<Sword_Skill_Controller>().ReturnSword();return false;}
}

PlayerBlackholeState.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class PlayerBlackholeState : PlayerState
{private float flyTime = .4f;//飞行时间private bool skillUsed;//技能是否在被使用private float defaultGravity;public PlayerBlackholeState(Player _player, PlayerStateMachine _stateMachine, string _animBoolName) : base(_player, _stateMachine, _animBoolName){}public override void AnimationFinishTrigger(){base.AnimationFinishTrigger();}public override void Enter(){base.Enter();skillUsed = false;stateTimer = flyTime;defaultGravity = rb.gravityScale;rb.gravityScale = 0;}public override void Exit(){base.Exit();rb.gravityScale = defaultGravity;player.MakeTransprent(false);}public override void Update(){base.Update();//使角色释放技能后能飞起来if (stateTimer > 0){rb.velocity = new Vector2(0, 15);}if(stateTimer < 0){rb.velocity = new Vector2(0, -.1f);if(!skillUsed){if(player.skill.blackhole.CanUseSkill())//创建实体skillUsed = true;}}}//在controller，Attack结束后退出状态
}