macOS Monterey（MacOS 12） 系统升级cocoapods

老款MacBook系统Monterey(MacOS 12)由于brew停止了从上游下载cocoapods提示不支持os12系统，无法安装最新版cocoapods，本文讲述了另一种方法来更新cocoapods

原文链接：http://www.kovli.com/2024/12/18/old-macos-install-cocoapods/

作者:Kovli

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尝试过的方法：

sudo gem install cocoapods

sudo gem install cocoapods -pre

gem install cocoapods --user-install

sudo gem update cocoapods --version 1.16.2

均无法成功安装，系统ruby是2.6

后来尝试用brew安装

brew install ruby

提示报错如下：

Error: Your Command Line Tools are too outdated.
Update them from Software Update in System Preferences.If that doesn't show you any updates, run:sudo rm -rf /Library/Developer/CommandLineToolssudo xcode-select --installAlternatively, manually download them from:https://developer.apple.com/download/all/.
You should download the Command Line Tools for Xcode 14.2.

经过检查是安装了命令行工具14.2的，也重复安装一遍还是报错同样错误，判断是版本太低不支持，但是xCode14.2已经是OS12系统的最新版本了，受限于系统无法升级。

于是想着升级下当前系统所支持的最高ruby版本2.7.2

brew install ruby@2.7

报错如下，

Error: ruby@2.7 has been disabled because it is not supported upstream! It was disabled on 2024-06-15.

尝试brew安装ruby2.6

brew install ruby@2.6

报错如下

No available formula with the name "ruby@2.6". Did you mean ruby@2.7, ruby@3.2, ruby@3.1 or ruby@3.0?

也就是说brew只支持安装ruby3以上

于是安装3.0版本试试

brew install ruby@3.0

结果报错如下

Error: You are using macOS 12.
We (and Apple) do not provide support for this old version.

说明brew已经不支持macOS12系统安装ruby3了，到这里可以看出，brew在macOS12系统已经安装不了ruby了

于是考虑用rvm

curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable 

顺利安装了rvm最新版

rvm 1.29.12 (latest) by Michal Papis, Piotr Kuczynski, Wayne E. Seguin [https://rvm.io]

先尝试安装ruby 3以上的，结果没成功，经过查询，最高支持安装2.7.2

rvm install 2.7.2

提示报错

Error running '__rvm_make -j8',

经检查问题出在openssl
卸载openssl

brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies openssl@3

重装低版本

    rm -rf /usr/local/etc/openssl@1.1

    brew reinstall openssl@1.1

提示报错

Error: openssl@1.1 has been disabled because it is not supported upstream! It was disabled on 2024-10-24.

此时有种换电脑的冲动了，但是不想让老外的计谋得逞，继续努力兼容!

brew edit openssl@1.1

会提示编辑如下文件

Editing /usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/.brew/openssl@1.1.rb

通过编辑器或者vim编辑，注释下面这行

  deprecate! date: "2023-11-11", because: :unsupported

  # deprecate! date: "2023-11-11", because: :unsupported

然后执行：

HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_FROM_API=1 brew install openssl@1.1

HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_FROM_API=1 这个环境变量的作用就是告诉brew 不使用api中的formula而是使用你自己编辑后的， 这样就可以正常安装被brew禁止disable的软件包了。

上面的执行完再次安装2.7.2就可以成功

rvm install 2.7.2

设为默认ruby

rvm use 2.7.2 --default

更新了ruby从系统默认的2.6到rvm安装的2.7.2后再次尝试安装cocoapods

sudo gem install cocoapods -v 1.16.2 -n /usr/local/bin

提示报错

ERROR:  Error installing cocoapods:The last version of securerandom (>= 0.3) to support your Ruby & RubyGems was 0.3.2. Try installing it with `gem install securerandom -v 0.3.2` and then running the current command againsecurerandom requires Ruby version >= 3.1.0. The current ruby version is 2.7.2.137.

按照指引继续安装securerandom

sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin securerandom -v 0.3.2

然后重试

sudo gem install cocoapods -v 1.16.2 -n /usr/local/bin

提示报错

ERROR:  Error installing cocoapods:The last version of activesupport (>= 5.0, < 8) to support your Ruby & RubyGems was 7.1.5.1. Try installing it with `gem install activesupport -v 7.1.5.1` and then running the current command againactivesupport requires Ruby version >= 3.1.0. The current ruby version is 2.7.2.137.

按照指引开始安装activesupport

sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin activesupport -v 7.1.5.1

继续重试

sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods -v 1.16.2

这次终于没报错了，安装成功，检查版本

~ pod --version
1.16.2

成功更新到新版cocoapods

tips:

1、RVM官方网站
https://rvm.io/workflow/examples#rvm-list

2、ruby可安装的版本信息

rvm list known

3、cocoapods所有版本
https://rubygems.org/gems/cocoapods/versions

4、cocoapods官网
https://guides.cocoapods.org/using/getting-started.html

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http://www.kovli.com/2024/12/18/old-macos-install-cocoapods/

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